Ukwembulela Amandla we-Coal Tar Pitch: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele

Uyemukelwa! Ngingu-Allen, futhi ngivela efektri yami eChina, ngihlome ngemigqa eyisikhombisa yokukhiqiza ezinikezele, sibe phambili kokukhiqiza nokuthumela amandla aphezuluImikhiqizo yamalahle yamalahle kanye ne-petroleum cokeiminyaka. Le ndatshana ichitha ijule ibe yimikhiqizo yethu ye-Cornerstone:I-Coal Tar Pitch. Uzofunda ngokwakheka kwawo, ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani, ukusetshenziswa kwawo okuningi, nokuthi kungani kubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini emhlabeni jikelele, kufaka phakathi amakhasimende anjengoMark Thompson e-USA. Uma ufuna ukuqonda lokhu okusebenziseka kalula, kusuka endimeni yayo ekunciphiseni kwe-aluminium ekwakheni umgwaqo, usendaweni efanele. Lo mhlahlandlela kufanelekile ukufunda ngoba kuyadicilela phansiI-Coal Tar Pitch, enikela ngokuqonda ngombono womkhiqizi onamava, ekhuluma nezinkinga ezijwayelekile, futhi egqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo kwezimboni.

Kuyini ngempela i-Coal Tar Pitch? Khipha ukwakheka kwayo

Lapho sikhuluma ngakhoI-Coal Tar Pitch, sibhekisela ku-amorphous emnyama, emnyama, noma emnyamaokuhlangene. Yilokho okusele ngemuva kweI-distillation yocingo lwamalahlenoma i-distillation eguquguqukayo yeUCrude Coal Tar. Cabanga ngeibha yamalahlengokwayo njengeukwengezawokwenzacockeukusukaI-Bituminius CoalNgesikhathi sokushisa okushisa kakhulu ngaphakathicockeOvens. Leliibha yamalahleingxube eyinkimbinkimbi, equkethe amakhulu, ngisho nezinkulungwane, zamakhemikhaliukuhlanganisa. Le khasiiphimboIngxenyenamba iyingxenye enzima kakhulu yalo mxube.

Le khasiUkwakheka kwe-Coal Tar Pitchngokuyinhloko yinhlanganisela ekhangayo ye-polycyclic-nama ethunsinaIHydrocarbons (PAHS), kanye ne-heterocyclic analogues yabo kanye nezinto ezifuywayo ezi-alkylated. Leziamakhompiyutha amnandiyilokho okuphaI-Coal Tar Pitchizakhiwo zayo ezihlukile. Ngenkathi ngqoukwakheka kwe-coal talkanyeiphimboingahluka ngokuya ngomthombo weamalahlekanye nenqubo ye-carbonization, kuvame ukufaka izinto ezifanai-benzene, ipheshelweshi, I-Naphthalene, futhiuhlobo lwenthracngezingxenyana zayo ezilula, ngeiphimboUkuba yinkimbinkimbiukukhombisaumkhiqizo walezi eziningi zalokhu. Kuyinto kakhulu-yicebouketshezi emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kepha iba iqinile, i-brittle eqinile emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni. -KuthileIphuzu lokuthambisakuyisici esibalulekile esisetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zeiphimbo.

Njengefekthri, sinaka kakhulu kulezi zindawo. Isibonelo, ikhasimende njengoMark Thompson, onemithomboibha yamalahleimikhiqizo yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-aluminium smelters namamitha ensimbi, ancike kwikhwalithi engaguquki yeiphimbo. Inhlanganisela ethile yeamakhompiyutha amnandiinquma ukufaneleka kwayo njenge-aisibophonoma okunye ukusetshenziswa. Le khasiiphimboikakhulukazi-wolukweemanzini kepha ingachithwa nge-organic ethileizixazululothandai-pyridinenomai-benzene. Ukuqonda le nto eyinkimbinkimbi isinyathelo sokuqala sokwazisa ukuthi kunganiI-Coal Tar Pitchkubaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini eziningi kakhulu. Siqinisekisa ukuthi eyethuI-Coal Tar Pitch ephezuluihlangabezana nalezi zindinganiso eziqondile.

Kukhiqizwa kanjani i-Coal Tar Pitch? Ukubheka inqubo yokukhiqiza

Le khasikhiqizaiwa-I-Coal Tar Pitchinqubo ebonakalayo eqala ngeibha yamalahle, okuthi, njengoba ngishilo, yingomkhiqizoetholakala kwi-carbonization yeamalahleukukhiqizacocke. Ezikhungweni zethu, siqala ngekhwalithi ephezuluUCrude Coal Tar. Le mpare bese ifakwa ngaphansi kwe-distillation eguquguqukayo. Cabanga ukufudumezaibha yamalahlekancane; -ahlukileukuhlanganisaNgaphakathi kuzobila emazingeni okushisa ahlukahlukene. Amafutha alula, njengamafutha akhanyayo (aqukethei-benzene, Toluene, XYLENE), uwoyela we-carbolic (oquketheipheshelweshikanye nama-cresols),I-Naphthaleneuwoyela, geza amafutha, futhiuhlobo lwenthracAmafutha, aqoqwa njengengxenyana ehlukile.

Okusele ngemuva ngemuva kwalezi zinto eziguqukayo ziyasuswa yileziI-Coal Tar Pitch. Leliokuhlangenekukhulu kunabo bonkeingxenyanafuthi iphakeme kakhuluIphuzu lokuthambisa. Ubukhulu bokuzihlamba inquma izakhiwo zokugcinaiphimbo, njengokuthiukuhlakaniphana-ukuthandaIzici. Singalawula inqubo ukukhiqiza amamaki ahlukileiphimbo, kufaka phakathi okuthambile, okuphakathi, noma kanzimaiphimbo, enzelwe izinhlelo ezithile zezimboni. Ngokwesibonelo,iphimboomiselwe ukuba abeisibophokuKwenziwa ama-electrodesidinga izakhiwo ezithile.

Yonke inqubo ibhekwa ngokucophelela ukuze iqinisekise ikhwalithi nokuvumelana kweI-Coal Tar Pitch. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulawulwa kokushisa okuqondile nokuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo kwezingxenyana ezahlukahlukene. UmphumelaiphimboUngase ucubungulwe futhi, mhlawumbe ungene emabhuloki noma emabhuloki, ukuze kusetshenziswe kalula nokuhamba kumakhasimende ethu e-USA, eYurophu nase-Australia. Ukuqinisekisa okuthembekilekhiqizaInqubo ibalulekile ngoba izimboni zincike kulokhu okuqukethwe. Ngokwesibonelo,pitch coke, omunye umkhiqizo obalulekile, uthathwe ngokuqhubeka kokushisa kweI-Coal Tar Pitch. Umgomo uhlala ukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo yonkeingxenyana Kukhiqizwe kusuka kumalahle.

Yikuphi ukusetshenziswa okuyisisekelo kwe-coal tal kanye ne-pitch yayo?

Le khasiUkusetshenziswa kwe-coal talokususiwe kwayo,I-Coal Tar Pitch, ziyehluka kakhulu, zithinta imikhakha eminingi yezimboni. Ngokomlando,ibha yamalahlewawusetshenziselwa ngisho nezinhloso zokwelapha, uyakukholwa noma cha, ukwelapha izimo zesikhumba ezinjengeI-Psoriasisna-chzemangesimo samafutha, okhilimu, kanyeuhlobo lwesipho eluketshezi yokugeza izinwele. Ngisho nanamuhla, abanye bazimiseleAmaShampoosquketheibha yamalahleukusiza ngeinsukuthelakanesikhumbaI-Psoriasis. Kodwa-ke, iningi leI-Coal Tar PitchKukhiqizwe emhlabeni jikelele kusebenza izidingo zezimboni.

Omunye obaluleke kakhuluUkusetshenziswa kwe-Coal Tar Pitchinjengeisibopho. Kuhle kakhuluisibophongezinto zokwakha ikhabhoni, okwenza kubalulekile kuukwenziwa kwama-electrodes e-carbon ne-graphitengogesiI-ARC RICACESisetshenziswe ensimbi ensimbi kanyeanodekuimboni ye-aluminium(ngokuqondileUkubhema i-Alumininum). Le khasiiphimboisiza ukubambacockeizinhlayiyana ndawonye futhi zinikeza amandla kagesi adingekayo namandla atamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Siphinde sikhiqizeAmafomu ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ama-flakes namabhulokhi, Ukuze lifane nalezi zinqubo zokukhiqiza. Ezinye izinhlelo ezibalulekile zeI-pitch ifaka phakathiukusetshenziswa kwayo ngaphakathiImigqomo engaphezuluna-pendaUkwakheka, ukuhlinzeka ngamaphutha amahle kakhulu kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa nokulwa nokulwa. KusetshenziselwagandayaImigwaqo nasezintweni zophahla ngenxa yokuqina kwayo nokumelana kwamanzi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlobo ezikhethekile zeiphimbo, njengepitch coke, akhiqizwa ngezicelo ezidinga okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni kanye nokungcola okuphansi, okufana naloomuvaimboni noma njengesengezo sekhabhoni ekukhiqizweni kwensimbi. Ukuguquguquka kwe-I-Coal Tar Pitchkusho ukuthi amamaki athile enzelwe ukusetshenziswa okuhlosiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, kuthambileiphimboingahle isetshenziselwe ukuphazamisa amanzi, ngenkathi kunzimaiphimboNgaphezuluIphuzu lokuthambisaiyadingekaI-electrodeekwenziweni. Amandla ayo okwenza izibopho eziqinile futhi amelane nezimo ezinokhahlo wenzaI-Coal Tar PitchIzinto ezibonakalayo, naphezu komlando wayo omude, uhlala ebalulekile. Sibona ngisho nesidingo semikhiqizo ekhethekile ye-asphalt, ehlanganyela umsuka wemvelaphi yezinto, njengethuImikhiqizo ekhethekile ye-Asphalffields.

Kungani i-COAL TAR POTHT ibalulekile kangaka kwizimboni ze-aluminium nezensimbi?

I-Coal Tar PitchIdlala indima ebaluleke ngokuphelele njengeisibophokuimboni ye-aluminiumnokukhiqiza insimbi. Ake sixoxe nge-aluminium kuqala. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium eyinhloko kuncike kwinqubo yehholo-héroult, okubandakanya ukuncishiswa kwe-electrolytic kwe-alumina. Le nqubo idinga ikhabhoni enkuluanode. Lezianodezidliwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokunqwabanisa, futhiI-Coal Tar PitchkukhethwayoisibophoOkwe-petroleumcockenomapitch cokeama-aggregates akha lezianode. Izinga leiphimbokuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kahle nokuphila kweingoma, okuthinta ukusebenza kahle kweUkubhema i-Alumininum. Izakhiwo ezibalulekile njengenani eliphakeme lokukhangisa, ikhono elihle elimanzi, kanye namazinga aphansi okungcola (njengeisibabulekanye nomlotha) kubaluleke kakhulu.

Embonini yensimbi,I-Coal Tar Pitchkubalulekile ekwakheni i-graphiteI-electrodes. LeziI-electrodeszisetshenziswa ngogesiI-ARC RICACES(EAFS) ukuncibilika insimbi yensimbi futhi kukhiqize insimbi entsha. I-EAFS isebenza kakhuluamazinga okushisa aphezulu, noI-electrodesKufanele ubekezelele lezi zimo ngenkathi unikeza amandla amahle kagesi.I-Coal Tar PitchIzenzo njengeisibophoOkwecockeizinhlayiya (kaningiinaliti coke) Isetshenziselwa ukwenza le migqaI-electrodes. Iphinde isetshenziswe kukhiqizaiwa-ukuhlaselaizinto zokwakha, ezibalulekile ukuze zilwehambisabona uqobo, bavikele ekushiseni okukhulu. Le khasiiphimbocarbonisis ngesikhathi senqubo yokubhaka yeI-electrodenomaukuhlaselaIzitini, ukudala isibopho esiqinile sekhabhoni.

Kumakhasimende njengoMark Thompson, ohlinzeka lezi zimboni, ukuvumelana kanye nekhwalithi yeI-Coal Tar Pitchazixoxi. Ukuhluka kancane kuiphimboIkhwalithi ingaholela ezinkingeni ezibalulekile ku-I-electrodeukusebenza, njengokukhuphuka kwamanani okusetshenziswa noma ukwehluleka. Yingakho, efektri yethu, sinamathela ezindleleni eziqinile zokulawula ikhwalithi yazo zonke izibambiI-Coal Tar Pitchkumiselweimboni ye-aluminiumnoma amamitha ensimbi. Isidingo sobumsulwa obukhuluiphimbongokuqondileAmaphuzu athambilefuthi amanani wokukhwehlela asigcina sigxile ekucashisweni kwethui-distillation yamalahletar.

Ukuhlola ukubonwa kwamalahle kwamalahle ophahleni nophahla kanye nezicelo ezingena ngaphansi kwamanzi

Ngaphandle kwezicelo zayo zokushisa okuphezulu,I-Coal Tar Pitchinomlando omude futhi ophumelelayo ophahleni nasekungeniswanga amanzi. Izakhiwo zayo ezingamelana namanzi ezenzeka zizenza kube yindlela enhle yokudala ukuvikela okuhlala isikhathi eside nokuhlala isikhathi esideumgwengweziizinhlelo. Lapho isetshenziswa ku-Roofing ophahleni (Bur) Izinhlelo, izingqimba zeI-Coal Tar Pitchzishintshana ngezindwangu eziqinisa ukudala ulwelwesi oluqinile, olungenamanzi monolithic. Lolu hlobo lweuphahlayaziwa ngokuphila kwayo kanye nekhono lokuzelapha ukugcwala okuncane, ikakhulukazi kuzicelo eziphahleni eziphahleni noma eziphansi.

Le khasi-yiceboImvelo yokufudumalaI-Coal Tar PitchIvumela ukuthi igeleze futhi ilinganise ukuqhekeka kanye nemifantu, ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphakeme ekungeneni kwamanzi. Futhi kumelana namakhemikhali amaningi nasekukhuleni kwezimpande, yingakho kuvame ukuthandwa ama-plaza desks nophahla oluhlaza. Le khasiiphimboyakha isibopho esiqinile, esinamathela ku-substrate ehlukahlukene. Ngenkathi ezinye izindlela zesimanje zikhona,I-Coal Tar PitchIzinhlelo -Based zisachazwa ngamaphrojekthi afuna ukusebenza okuphezulu kanye nempilo yenkonzo ende, ikakhulukazi lapho amanzi echibi akhathazeka khona, njengobaI-Coal Tar Pitchawehliselwe isikhathi esideukuchayekaukuze amanzi.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kweI-Coal Tar PitchKulezi zicelo kudinga ukuphatha ngokucophelela ngenxa yeukuchayekaUkukhathazeka, okuzothinta kamuva. Le khasiiphimboidinga ukufudunyezwa emazingeni okushisa athile ukuze uzuze okulungileukuhlakaniphaUkuze uthole isicelo. Umphumelaumgwengweziunzima futhi uyaqina. Ngenkathi umbala omnyama ungaholela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu aphezulu, lokhu kungancishiswa ngama-topcoats abonakalayo. Kithina, ukukhiqizaiphimboIlungele leziImigqomo engaphezulukusho ukuqinisekisa okulungileIphuzu lokuthambisakanye nokugeleza kwezimpawu, okuhlukile kokunzimaiphimboisetshenziselweI-electrodes. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuUhlobo lwe-pitchkuwuphawu lweibha yamalahleIyacubungula.

Ingabe akhona amamaki ahlukile we-coal tar pitch? Ukuqonda Ukuhluka kokushisa

Yebo, impela!I-Coal Tar Pitchakuyona into eyodwa - konke okulungiselelwe. Kuhlukaniswe kumabanga ahlukene ngokusekelwe ikakhulu kuyoIphuzu lokuthambisa, okuyindlela yokushisa laphoiphimboiqala ukuthambisa futhi igeleze ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokuhlola. Le mpahla ibalulekile ngoba iyachaza ukuthi i-theiphimbouzoziphatha ohlelweni lwayo lokusebenzisa ukuphela. Le khasiI-distillation yocingo lwamalahleingalawulwa ukuze ikhiqizeiphimbonohla olubanzi lweAmaphuzu athambile.

Ngokuvamile sihlukanisa izigabaI-Coal Tar Pitchku:

• Ukuphawula okuthambile:Lolu hlobo lunendawo ephansiIphuzu lokuthambisa. Kuyabonakala futhi kuvame ukusetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengezinzilo ezingenamanzi, amathayela omgwaqo, nezinhlobo ezithile zependana-umgwengwezilapho ukuguquguquka kubalulekile.
• Ukushisa okuphakathi nendawo:Leli ibanga eliguquguqukayo. -Kwethui-medium yokushisa asphaltimikhiqizo iwela kulesi sigaba, ilungele izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokubopha, kufaka phakathi ezinyeukuhlaselaimikhiqizo nokufakwa kombhalo.
• I-Hard Pitch (Pitch High Pitch):Leliiphimboine-highIphuzu lokuthambisafuthi ingaphezulu ekushiseni kwegumbi. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifuna amandla aphezulu nokuqina emazingeni okushisa aphakeme, afana neKwenziwa ama-electrodesNgezinkampani ze-aluminium nezensimbi (Ama-electrodes e-carbon ne-graphite), kanye nokukhiqiza ikhwalithi ephezulupitch coke. -Kwethuasphalt lokushisa eliphakemekubhekwe ngalokhu kusetshenziswa okufunwayo.

Ngaphandle kweIphuzu lokuthambisa, ezinye izici ezinjengenani lokukhwehlela (inani leizinsalela ze-carbonisedkwesokunxele ngemuva kokushisa), okuqukethwe kwe-quinoline insoluble (qi), okuqukethwe kwe-tolune insoluble (TI), kanye nokuqukethwe komlotha nakho kusiza ukuchaza iBanga kanye nokufaneleka kwe-I-Coal Tar Pitchngezinhloso ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo,I-electrodeUkukhiqiza kudinga aiphimbongenani eliphakeme eliphakeme nomlotha ophansi futhiisibabuleokuqukethwe. Njengomenzi, sisebenzisana kakhulu namakhasimende njengoMark Thompson ukuqonda izidingo zabo ngqo futhi ahlinzekeUhlobo lwe-pitchlokho kuqondanisa ngqo ukucaciswa kwabo, kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuhle kwezinqubo zabo, kungabaUkubhema i-Alumininumnoma ukudala okukhethekileamabiya.

Sourcing Coal Tar Pitch: Yiziphi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele abathengi abazicabangela?

Kwabathengi abanjengoMark Thompson, ubani umnikazi wenkampani kanye nesikhulu sokuthengwa kwempahla, ukugoqaI-Coal Tar PitchUkusuka kubahlinzeki bamazwe aphesheya njengathi eChina kubandakanya ukucatshangelwa okuningana okubalulekile. UMark uzwela ikhwalithi kodwa futhi ufuna amanani entengo yokuncintisana, ibhalansi ejwayelekile ekuthengweni kwempahla ye-B2B. Izindawo zakhe eziphambili zokuthenga zisathuthuka emazweni, futhi uvame ukuthola abahlinzeki ngemibukiso kanye nokusesha kwe-Google.

Nazi izinto ezibalulekile umaki, futhi impela noma yimuphi umthengi, kufanele agxile ku:

1. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi nokungaguquguquki:Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Le khasiiphimbokumele ihlangabezane nokucaciswa okudingekayo -Iphuzu lokuthambisa, Inani lokukhangisa, qi, ti, ash okuqukethwe, njll. Ukucela amasampula ukuhlolwa kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi umphakeli unamandla okulawulwa kwekhwalithi eqinile kubalulekile. Efektri yami, sigcizelela imigqa yethu yokukhiqiza engu-7 nokubambelela ngokuqinile kumazinga aphesheya ukuqinisekisa lokhu.
2. Izitifiketi:Abathengi kufanele babheke abahlinzeki ngezitifiketi ezifanele, njengezindinganiso ze-ISO zokuphathwa kwekhwalithi kanye nokuthobela imvelo. Ngeshwa, uMark ubhekane nenkohliso yesitifiketi ngezikhathi ezithile kwabanye abahlinzeki, obuqhakambisa isidingo sokukhuthala okufanele. Sihlala sinikeza amadokhumenti asobala futhi aqinisekisiwe.
3. I-Logistics kanye nokuthembela kokuthumela:Ukubambezeleka kokuthumela kungathinta kakhulu amashejuli wokukhiqiza, indawo enkulu yobuhlungu boMark. I-Logistics ethembekile, kufaka phakathi ukupakisha okufanele (isb. Sithumela e-USA, eNyakatho Melika, eYurophu nase-Australia, ngakho-ke sinokuhlangenwe nakho okubanzi ekuphatheni izinto ezinzima zamazwe aphesheya.
4. Ukuxhumana nomphakeli:UMark ubone ukuxhumana okungasebenzi kahle nabamele abathengisi. Ukuthula okucacile, okusheshayo, futhi ngobuchwepheshe ukuxhumana okunolwazi kubalulekile. Yize uMarku enolwazi ngokuthengisa, aswela ubuchwepheshe obujulile bobuchwepheshe ngaphakathiI-Coal Tar Pitch, ngakho-ke ukuba nomhlinzeki okwazi ukuchaza imininingwane yezobuchwepheshe ngokusobala kuyazuzisa. Iqembu lami futhi ngilwela ukuba ngabalingani, hhayi nje abahlinzeki.
5. Izindlela Zokukhokha:Amagama aphephile futhi avumelanayo avumelanayo abalulekile ekwakheni ukwethembana nokwenza lula ukuthengiselana okubushelelezi.
6. Ukuqonda ngokusetshenziswa kokuphela:Umphakeli omuhle kufanele aqonde ukuthi okwaboI-Coal Tar Pitchizosetshenziswa (e.g., ngobaI-electrodes, ukuhlaselaIzinto zokwakha,ukumboza) Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi bahlinzeka ngebanga elifanele kakhulu futhi banikeze izeluleko ezifanele. Yilapho ubuchwepheshe bethu bungena khona, ukusiza amakhasimende ukuthi akhethe okulungileUhlobo lwe-pitch.
7. Intengo:Ngenkathi ikhwalithi isiyikhi, izintengo zokuncintisana nayo ingumshayeli. Abathengi bavame ukuqhathanisa izingcaphuno, kepha kubalulekile ukucubungula izindleko zobunikazi, kufaka phakathi ikhwalithi, ukuthembeka kanye nobungozi obuhambisana nemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphansi noma abahlinzeki abangathembekile.

Ukubhekana nalokhu okukhathazayo okusebenzayo kusiza ukwakha ubudlelwano besikhathi eside. Lapho uMarku ehambela imibukiso, lawo ngamaphuzu ahlola lapho ehlangana nabahlinzeki beI-Coal Tar Pitchna-UPetroleum Coke.

Ngaphesheya kwePitch: Yiziphi ezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile ezakha i-tal tal?

LaphoI-Coal Tar PitchinkanyeziokuhlangeneukusukaI-Coal Tar Distillation, izingxenyana ezilula ezisuswe kule nqubo nazo zibaluleke kakhulu.Ibha yamalahleisisekelo sengcebo yeamakhompiyutha amnandi, futhi ukuhlukanisa nakho kuvumela ukufutheka okuhlukahlukene kwamakhemikhali nemikhiqizo. Lezi zingxenyana zihlushwa amabanga okushisa ahlukene.

Ezinye zezakhi ezibalulekile ezibalulekile, noma i-distillates, etholwe ngaphambi kokuthi sifike kuiphimboFaka:

• Amafutha akhanyayo (afinyelela ku-170 ° C):Leliingxenyanaiqukethei-benzene, i-toluene, kanye ne-xylenes (BTX), okungamabhlokhi wokwakha ayisisekelo embonini yamakhemikhali, esetshenziswa ekwenzeni amapulasitiki, ukuhlukunyezwa kokwenziwa, amadayi kanyeizixazululo. Futhi iqukethei-pyridineizisekelo.
• Uwoyela we-carbolic noma uwoyela ophakathi (170 ° C - 230 ° C):Lokhu kucebile ngaphakathiipheshelweshi, ama-cresols, nama-xylenols, abizwa ngokuthi ama-tar acid.IpheshelweshiIkhemikhali elikhulu lezimpahla elisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ama-desin we-phenolic (njengeBakelite), iBisphenol A (ama-polycarbonate kanye nama-epoxy resins), ne-caplocy (ye-nylon). LeliingxenyanafuthiI-Naphthalene.
• Amafutha eNaphthalene (200 ° C - 250 ° C):Njengoba igama libonisa, lo ngumthombo oyinhloko weI-Naphthalene. I-Naphthaleneisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza i-phthalic anhydride (ngamapulasitiki, ama-resins, kanye namadayi), kanye nama-mothball, ama-surfactants, namanye amakhemikhali.
• Geza uwoyela (230 ° C - 290 ° C):Leliingxenyanaisetshenziswa njenge-ejenti yokuklaba ukumuncai-benzenenezinye izinto eziguqukayoamakhompiyutha amnandikusuka kugesi ye-coke oveni. Iqukethe ukubilisa okuphezuluI-Naphthaleneokuvela kokunye kanye nokunyeamakhompiyutha amnandi.
• Uwoyela we-anthracene noma uwoyela oluhlaza (290 ° C - 360 ° C futhi ephakeme):Lowo uwoyela onzima kakhuluingxenyanangaphambiliiphimbo. Kungumthombo wokuqala weuhlobo lwenthrac, phenannomrene, ne-carbazole.Uhlobo lwenthracisetshenziselwa ukwenza i-anthraquinone, isandulelo sodayi. Lowoyela uqobo ungasetshenziselwa ukulondolozwa kwezinkuni (njengengxenye yeCreosote kanye ne-coal-tar pitchizingxube) noma njenge-feedstock yokukhiqiza ikhabhoni emnyama.

Ukuhlukaniswa okusebenzayo nokuhlanza kwalezi zingxenyana kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe inani elithathwe kuloUCrude Coal Tar. Sisinyelandelanoma iqembu leukuhlanganisaukhonza izimakethe ezithile, futhi ukululama kwawo kunomthelela omkhulu ku-Economics jikeleleamalahleIyacubungula. Ngakho-ke, lapho sikhuluma ngakhoibha yamalahle, kungaphezu nje kwalokhoiphimbo; Kungumthombo oyinkimbinkimbi wamakhemikhali amaningi abalulekile.

Ukuqonda Ukuchayeka Phatha E-Coal Tar Pitch: Ukuphepha kuqala

Ukuphepha kuyisici esibucayi lapho usebenzaI-Coal Tar Pitch, ikakhulukazi maqondanaUkuvezwa emsebenzini. Ama-Coal Tar Pitch Volulatiles(CTPVS) - Amathumbu nothuli kukhishwe laphoiphimbokufuthelwe noma kusingathwa - aqukethe i-polycyclic-nama ethunsinaIHydrocarbons (PAHS), ezinye zazo ezaziwayo noma ezisolwayoI-Carcinogens. Ngakho-ke, ukuphathaUkuchayeka ku-Coal Tar Pitchkuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ezimbonini lapho isetshenziswa khona.

Ukuvezwa emsebenziniKungenzeka nge-inhalationof fumes nothuli,Ukuxhumana kwe-Dermalngezinto ezibonakalayo, noma ukungenisa (yize kuvame kakhulu). Isikhathi eside noma ngokweqileukuchayekakungaholela emiphumeleni ehlukahlukene yezempilo ehlukahlukene. Isikhathi esifushaneukuchayekakungadalaukucasuka kwesikhumba,ukucunula, futhiukucasulwa kokuphefumula. Ilanga lingakhulisa ukusabela kwesikhumba (izithombe) kubantu abavezwaibha yamalahleimikhiqizo. Isikhati esideukuchayeka, ikakhulukazi kuma-CTPV, kuxhunyaniswe engcupheni eyandayo yeumdlavuza, kufaka phakathiumdlavuza wesikhumba, amaphaphu, isikhafu, nezinsoumdlavuza. I-International Agency Yokucwaninga nge-Cancer (IIRC) iyahlukanaI-Coal Tar Pitchnjengeqembu 1carcinogen(carcinogenic kubantu).

Ukunciphisa ubungozi obuhambisanaUkuchayeka ku-Tar Coal Tar, izindawo zokusebenza zisebenzisa izindlela zokulawula eziningana:

• Izilawuli Zobunjiniyela:Lokhu kufaka ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezivalekile, umoya wokuphelelwa umoya wendawo ukuze uthwebule umucu emthonjeni, nemishini yokuphatha efanele.
• Izilawuli Zokuphatha:Ukunciphisa umkhawulo wesikhathi abasebenzi bachitha ezindaweni ezinamandlaukuchayeka, ukuhlinzeka ukuqeqeshwa ngemikhuba yokuphatha ephephile, kanye nokusungula izinqubo zomsebenzi ezicacile.
• Imishini yokuzivikela (i-PPE):Lokhu kubalulekile futhi kufaka phakathi ukuphefumula (ikakhulukazi lapho kushisaiphimbo), amagilavu ​​amelana namakhemikhali, ama-overalls, nokuvikelwa kwamehlo ukuvimbelaUkuxhumana kwe-Dermalna-inhalation.
• Ukuqashwa Kwezempilo:Ukuhlolwa kwezempilo okujwayelekile kwabasebenzi abanamandlaukuchayeka.

Noma kunjaloibha yamalahleisetshenziswe kwemithi ethile ye-topical yeUkuphazamiseka kwesikhumbathandaI-Psoriasisna-chzema(Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokulwa nokuvuvukala), ukugxila ngokuvamile kuphansi futhi kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa okungaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. -Kwezimboniukuchayekayindaba ehlukile futhi kufanele ilawulwe ngomugqa. Njengomenzi onokwethenjelwa, siqinisekisa ukuthi izisebenzi zethu zivikelwe, futhi sinikeza amashidi wedatha yokuphepha (SDS) kumakhasimende ethu njengoMark Thompson, echaza izinqubo zokuphatha eziphephile zethuI-Coal Tar Pitchimikhiqizo. Lokhu kuzibophezela kokuphepha kubalulekile ngoba ngenkathiI-Coal Tar PitchIngabe impahla ewusizo kakhulu, ukuphathwa kwayo izimfuno zayo inhlonipho nokunamathela kwimigomo yokuphepha ukuze ivikelekeImpilo Embiimiphumela.

Ikusasa le-Coal Tar Pitch: Ukuqamba okusha nokuzibophezela kwethu

Njengomnikazi wefektri eChina, Mina, Allen, bheka ikusasa leI-Coal Tar Pitchlokho kubunjwe yizo zombili izinto ezintsha kanye nokugxila okwandayo ekusimeni. Ngenkathi kuyinto ebonakalayo yendabuko, izakhiwo zayo ezihlukile, ikakhulukazi njengeisibophoEzicelo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nakwenzelwe ezikhethekileukumboza, qinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwawo. Idrayivu yokusebenza kahle okuphezulu ezimbonini ezifanaUkubhema i-Alumininumnokukhiqiza insimbi kusho isidingo sekhwalithi ephezuluiphimbongezimpawu ezithile kakhulu - ziphansiUkubophaokuqukethwe lapho kungenzeka khona, amanani angcono wokukhangisa, futhi kungaguqukii-menophaseukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezithuthukile zekhabhoni.

Ukusungula ngaphakathiI-Coal Tar PitchUkucutshungulwa kungafaka amasu amaningi athuthukile wokuzisusa ukuze uqhubeke nokuhlaziywa kwezingxenyana, noma ukuguqulwa ku-iphimbouqobo ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza noma ukunciphisa umthelela wezemvelo. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lukhiqizeiphimbongesakhiwo esilawulwa kakhulu samangqamuzana noma ukuthuthukisa okushaukukhombisaamasu angaholela ku- "Designer"iphimboImikhiqizo yezicelo ze-niche. Kunomsebenzi oqhubekayo embonini ukunciphisaukuphumaamazinga ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwawo, ikakhulukaziAma-Coal Tar Pitch Volulatiles. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukwakheka okungcono kwezinto zomsebenzi, izinqubo zokusingathwa ezithuthukisiwe, kanye nokwelashwa kwangemva kwalokhoukuphuma.

Ukuzibophezela kwethu eZGfty ukuqhubeka nokuba ngumhlinzeki onokwethenjelwa weImikhiqizo ephezulu ye-Coal Tar, kufaka phakathiI-Coal Tar Pitch, uphethrolicocke, futhiasphalt eguquliwe. Sitshala imali emigqeni yethu yokukhiqiza engu-7 ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nekhwalithi ehlangabezana namazinga aphesheya. Siyakuqonda ukukhathazeka kwamakhasimende njengoMark Thompson maqondana nekhwalithi engaguquki, izinto ezithembekile, kanye nokuxhumana okusobala. Sibamba iqhaza ngenkuthaloImibukisoUkuxhuma namakhasimende futhi uhlale ujwayelene nezimo zemboni. Sikholwa ukuthi ngokugxila kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, ekwenziweni komsebenzi (ukubhekisisaUkuvezwa emsebenzinikanye nokukhathazeka kwemvelo), kanye nezidingo zamakhasimende,I-Coal Tar Pitchizohlala iyinto ebalulekile. Inselelo ukulinganisa izidingo zayo zezimboni ngobuphathi bezemvelo kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi, inselelo esizibophezele ekuhlanganyeleni. Ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza okuphezuluidilishweimikhiqizo, ethathwe kusuka kuphakemeiphimbo, nayo izoshayela isidingo esizayo.

Uhambo emhlabeni weI-Coal Tar Pitchkwembula okuqukethwe okusendulo ngemvelaphi yalo (njengeukwengezaiwa-amalahleukucubungula) futhi kwangokwesimanje kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kwayo. Ukusuka ekuvukeni ukukhiqizwa kwe-aluminium nensimbi ukuvikela izakhiwo ezihlala isikhathi esideukumboza, ukuguquguquka kwaso akunakuphikwa.

Ukubekezela okusemqoka ukukhumbula:

• I-Coal Tar Pitchumnyama,Izinsalela ze-ViscousukusukaI-Coal Tar Distillation, ecebile ku-polycyclic-nama ethunsinaAma-Hydrocarbons (PAHs).
• Kukhiqizwe ngokuyinhloko nge-FractionalI-distillation yocingo lwamalahle, okuyi-a uqobo uqoboukwengezaiwa-cocke khiqizaukusukaI-Bituminius Coal.
• IsihluthuleloUkusetshenziswa kwe-Coal Tar Pitch kufaka phakathiNjengokubucayiisibophokuKwenziwa ama-electrodesNgezinkampani ze-aluminium nezensimbi, ngaphakathiukuhlaselaizinto zokwakha, ukuphapha, ukudonsa, kanyependa/umgwengweziIzicelo.
• Amabanga ahlukene akhona (athambile, aphakathi, afudumele / ashisa kakhulu) asuselwa ku-Iphuzu lokuthambisanezinye izakhiwo, ezihambisana nokusetshenziswa okuthile okufanaUkubhema i-Alumininumanodes noma umgwaqoImigqomo engaphezulu.
• UkugoqaI-Coal Tar Pitchkudinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela kwekhwalithi, izitifiketi, izinto zokuxhumana, ukuxhumana komhlinzeki kanye nokuqondaUkuvezwa emsebenziniubungozi.
• Ibha yamalahlefuthi iveza ezinye izingxenyana ezibalulekile ezifanai-benzene, ipheshelweshi, I-Naphthalene, futhiuwoyela we-anthrafene, kubalulekile embonini yamakhemikhali.
• Ukuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu: UkuphathaUkuchayeka ku-Coal Tar Pitch Volotionalkubalulekile ngenxa yezingozi ezingaba khona zezempilo, kufaka phakathiumdlavuza, edinga izilawuli zobunjiniyela, i-PPE, kanye nemikhuba yomsebenzi ephephile.
• Ikusasa leI-Coal Tar PitchAmanga ekuqhubekeni okusha kwekhwalithi ephezulu, amamaki akhethekile, nezindlela zokukhiqiza ezisimeme.

Njengoba u-Allen, ngiyaziqhenya ngokuhola ifektri enomthelela lezi zinto ezibalulekile kwizimboni zomhlaba. Siyaqonda izidingo zamakhasimende afana noMark Thompson futhi zinikezelwe ekuhlinzekeni imikhiqizo nje kuphela, kepha izixazululo nokwethembeka.I-Coal Tar Pitch, ngehlukileisibophoAmakhono nezinye izakhiwo, zizoqhubeka zibe yizinto ezisungulwe iminyaka eminingi ezizayo.