Ho utloisisa asphalt, sekontiri le tar: Phapang ea Bohlokoa le Likopo Tse Kaho ea Kajeno

Ha re bua ka litsela tsa ho haha ​​kapa tse sebetsang tsa indasteri e hlokang basebeletsi ba bangata ba tlamang, mantsoe a kangAsphalt, Bitumen, letarhangata ho hlaha. Le ha ka linako tse ling ba ntse ba sebelisoa ka mokhoa o akaretsang ka kakaretso, lisebelisoa tsena li na le mehlolo, thepa le ts'ebeliso ea tsona. Ho utloisisaphapang lipakeng tsa asphalt'Me lintho tsena tse amanang le tsona li bohlokoa bakeng sa mang kapa mang hoKaho ea tselaindasteri, kapa bakeng sa likhoebo tse kang li-allyters tsa aluminium le mithara tse tsoang ho lihlahisoa tse tsoang ho tsona. Sengoloa sena se tla hlakoloa ke se etsang se etsang se ikhethang, likopo tsa bona tsa mantlha le hore na ke hobaneng ha re khetha boitsebiso bo nepahetseng, joalo ka tse tobilengMofuta oa asphalt, e bohlokoa bakeng sa katleho. E le feme e nang le mela e supileng ea tlhahiso e ikhethileng lihlahisoa tsa mashala le likokoana-hloko tsa perole, rona, hoZgpery, u bone ka pele ho tiisa hore na tsebo ee ke efe ho bareki ba rona lefatšeng ka bophara, USA ho ea Europe le Australia. Ha re behe tsela ea ho hlaka!

Sengoliloeng sena se lokela ho baloa hobane e tla:

• Ka ho hlaka ho hlalosa ka ho hlakaAsphalt, Bitumen, letar.
• HlalosaPhapang ea BohlokoaBoemong ba bona lethepa le ts'ebeliso.
• Buisana ka mefuta e fapanengMefuta ea Asphaltle Boikarabello ba bona ba merero e fapaneng.
• Totobatsa bohlokoa ba lisebelisoa tsena hoKaho ea tselale liindasteri tse ling.
• Fana ka tlhaiso ea ho etsaE theko e boimaLikhetho ntle le ho sekisetsa boleng ba ho sekisetsa, taba e kholo bakeng sa li -vincer lividents joalo ka li-allistors tse ratang matšoao Thompson.

1. Asphalt ke eng, 'me e fapana joang le mookameli?

Ha re qaleng ka metheo. Hangata, batho ba ferekana pakeng tsaAsphaltmmeBitumen. Likarolong tse ngata tsa lefatše, haholo Amerika Leboea, "Asphalt"e bua ka motsoako o felisitsoeng o sebelisoang bakeng sa litsela tse thata. Motsoako ona o na leBitumen, Aggregate(joalo ka lehlabathe, lehloeo kapa lejoe le sithabetseng), 'me ka linako tse ling li-filler. Kahoo,Asphalt ke motsoakomooBitumene sebetsa joalo kaTlamahano. Nahana ka eona joaloka kuku:BitumenNa mahe le oli li tšoere phofo (aggregate) hammoho ho etsa kuku ea ho qetela (Peiso ea Asphalt.

Ka hlakoreng le leng,BitumenkeLi-viscous metsi a liketsahalokapa mofuta o tiileng oapetroleum. Ke e ntšo, e boreleli, 'mee shebella haholontho e etsahalang ka tlhaho kapa e fumanoeng e le penproduct eapetroleumho hloekisa. Kahoo,Bitumenke e 'ngoe ea metsoako e kholoho Asphalt. Kotara "Bitumen"e sebelisoa haholo Europe le libakeng tse ling ho bua ka moemeli enoa ea tlamang. Karolo ea mantlha ea ho tlamaAggregatelikaroloana hammoho, ho fana ka matlaHo Tšoara, 'me u kenelle metsi hoAsphaltmotsoako. Boleng baBitumenhaholo ho ama haholo ts'ebetso eaPeiso ea Asphalt, e amang ho hanyetsa hoa eona hoCracksebopeho le se deformation tlasasephethephethe se boimale tse fapanengMaemo a leholimo.

Ho utloisisa phapang ena ho bohlokoa. Ha moreki a rata Marang-rang a tsoa ho uena o bua le uena u bua ka ho reka "asphalt," a ka 'na a bua ka motsoako o felletseng kapa ka linako tse ling, ka ho khetheha, ka ho khetheha,Bilumen BinderKa boeona, ho latela moelelo oa litlhoko tsa k'hamphani ea hae bakeng sa ho rekisa lik'hamphani tsa kaho. Kamehla re hlakisa sena ho netefatsa hore re fana ka se hlokahalang hantle se hlokahalang.

2. Tauta e hlalositsoeng: Na ke lebitso le leng feela bakeng sa asphalt kapa bo-bilumen?

Joale, mootarlekana setšoantšong see?Tar, mashala ka ho khethehatar, e fapane haholo leAsphaltmmeBitumentšimolohong ea eona. Ha a ntse aBitumenkee nkiloeng ho peterole, mashalatarke preboduct ea carbonization ea mashala, hangata e hlahisoang nakong ea tlhahiso ea Coke bakeng sa ical is indasteri kapa khase ea mashala. Ke botenya, bo lefifi, 'meLi-viscous metsi a liketsahalo, haholojoalo ka cutumen, empa sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale se fapane. Nalane, mashalatare ne e lee sebelisoa hangatabakeng sa ho sesa ka 'mila le ho sitiha ka metsi, empa ts'ebeliso ea eona hoKaho ea tselae fokotsehile haholo libakeng tse ngata tse katiloeng ka lebaka laLITLHAKISO TSA BOPHELOle ts'ebetso e phahameng eapetroleum-BaBitumenlits'ebetsong tse ngata.

E mong oaPhapang ea Bohlokoake horetarKa kakaretso e na le litaba tse phahameng tsa metsoako e monko o monate ha e bapisoa leBitumen. Ha thepa e 'ngoe e ka utloahala e le joalo ka holimo - ka bobeli e batšoTšireloana ea tikoloho. Mohlala,tare ka angoa habonolo ke liphetoho tsa mocheso mme li ka lokolla metsoako e mengata ea manyolo e sa tloaelehang (vocs). Kajeno, lihlahisoa tse kangMashala a mashala a mashalali ananeloa haholo bakeng sa likopo tse ikhethileng tsa indasteri, joalo ka tlhahiso ea li-electies tse tloaelehileng, re lefe khafetsa ho fapana le ho atiletsela. Kahoo, che,tarha se lebitso le leng feelaAsphaltkapaBitumen; Ke khethollolisebelisoa tse so ntlafatsoe.

Ho bohlokoa hore bareki ba utloisise hore haeba ba batla lisebelisoa tse phetheselang tsa tsela, li ka etsahala 'marakeng oaAsphalt(motsoako) kapaBitumen(binder). Haeba litlhoko tsa bona ke tsa lits'ebetso tse ikhethang tsa indasteri, mashala a boleng bo holimotarLihlahisoa li ka ba hantle seo ba se hlokang. Re hlahisa mashala a fapanengtarLihlahisoa, 'me likopo tsa tsona li fapane hole le tsa ronaPetroleum Asphaltlinyehelo.

3. Mefuta ea mantlha ea asphalt e sebelisoang ke kaho ke efe?

Ha re bua kaAsphaltBakeng sa kaho, haholo-holoKaho ea tsela, ha se ntho e fapaneng - e lekane - e leng ntho e mengata. Ho na leMefuta e fapaneng ea Asphalt, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e etselitsoeng merero e itseng, ho fihla maemong a mangata le mojaro oa sephethephethe. Khetho eaMofuta oa asphalte ka ama haholo ho phela nako e telele le ts'ebetso eatsela.

Mona ke tse lingtloaetse asphalt e sebelisitsoeng asphaltMefuta:

• Hot morekal asphalt (HMA):Ena ke eona e kholo ka ho fetisisaMofuta oa asphaltbakeng sa ho thella. E hlahisoa ke ho futhumatsaBitumenho fokotsa pono ea eona le ho omisaAggregateho tlosa mongobo pele o kopanya. TheKopanya Asphaltebe oa tlisoa, ra beha, 'me a kopantsoe ha a ntse a chesa. Hma e tsejoa ka matla a eona,Ho Tšoara, le boikarabello ba libaka tse nang le sephethephethe se nang le litsela tse ngata tse kang litsela tse kholo le tsa boema-fofane. Hangata re fana ka boleng bo holimoBitumenbakeng sa tlhahiso ea Hma.
• Motsoako o futhumetseng oasphalt (WMA):Wma e hlahisoa ka mocheso o tlase ho feta hma (hangata 20-40 ° C Lost). Sena se fumaneha ka ho sebelisa litlatsetso tse khethehileng kapa mekhoa e lumellangBitumenho kobaAggregateka katleho li fokotsehilelithemparetjha tse phahameng. Melemo e kenyelletsa ts'ebeliso e tlase ea mafura leembiseNakong ea tlhahiso, fensetere e telele e phetheselang, le maemo a ntlafalitsoeng.
• Cold Remix Asphalt (CMA): Cold Remix Asphalte hlahisoa ke ho tsosaBitumenka metsi le moemeli ea tlohang pele o e kopanya le eenaAggregate. Ho fapana le HMA,Cold Remix Asphaltha e hloke ho futhumatsa le ho sebelisoa homocheso o fetisisang. Hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa li-pottiking ea poho, ho robala nakoana le ho tšela litsela tse tlase tsa sephethe-phethe kapa litsela tsa mahaeng. Ha e sa tšoarele e le hma ea mathomobokaholimoLikopo, ke aE theko e boimatharollo ea litokiso le maemo a tlase.
• Asphalt ea Porous:HonaMofuta oa asphalte na le liperesente tse phahameng tsa li-voids tsa moea, li lumella metsi hore li huletselabokantle ba lijo tsa majoe ka tlase. Sena se thusa ho fokotsa metsi, ho ntlafatsa khatello ea sid, le ho fokotsaNolei. KeTikolohokhetho ea ho laola metsi a sefefo.
• Mastic asphalt (kapa asphalt masttic):Sena ke se teteaneng, se sa utloahalengAsphaltentsoe ka tse phahamengBitumendikahare. E tšoarella haholo, e sa keneleng metsi, 'me hangata e sebelisetsoa likopo tse khethehileng joalo ka borokho bo lekanyang, marulelo le tlaase.
• Asphalt e fetotsoeng:Ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso,Bitumene ka fetoloa le polymers kapa litlatsetso tse ling.Asphalt e fetotsoengKe fana ka khanyetso e ntlafalitsoeng ea ho opa, mokhathala oa ho lahla, le mocheso oa mocheso. Sena se etsa hore e be e loketseng libaka lesephethephethe se boimakapa ho feteletsengMaemo a leholimo.

Ho khetha se nepahetsengMofuta oa asphaltke qeto e boima ho eng kapa engMorero oa kaho. Ho kenyelletsa ho nahana ka lintlha tse kang molumo oa sephethe-phethe, boemo ba leholimo, tekanyetso, le tlhahlobo ea bophelo batsela. Joaloka mofani oa thepa, re sebetsa haufi le bareki ba rona ho utloisisa litlhoko tsa bona tse khethehileng tsaAsphaltmme o fane ka sehlopha se loketseng saBitumenkapa e ikhethangAsphaltLihlahisoa.

4. Hobaneng haphalt e le thepa e le 'ngoe e le' motheo oa merero ea ho aha Road Road?

Asphalte fetohile thepa e lebisang hoKaho ea tselaLefatšeng ka bophara, 'me e le ka lebaka le utloahalang. Ts'ebeliso ea eona e atileng e bakoa ke lintlha tse etsang hore e tšoanelehe haholo hore li ka tšoarela, tse boreleli, leE theko e boima bokaholimoTharollo. Ho feta 90% ea litsela tse katiloeng USA, ka mohlala, li na le nahaAsphalt. Sena ha sea ka sa etsahala ka phoso!

E 'ngoe ea mabaka a mantlha aAsphaltHo tsebahala ke ho tsebahala ke ts'ebetso e ntle.Lipapali tsa Asphaltba fetoha le maemo, ho bolelang hore ba ka mamella metsana e nyane le metsamao ntle le kapeleCracksebopeho. Ho feto-fetoha le maemo le hona ho kenya letsoho ho palama le ho Quieter ha e bapisoa le e thatatselaMefuta, e fokotsaNolei. Ntle le moo,Litsela tsa AsphaltFana ka khanyetso e ntle ea skid, e leng bohlokoa bakeng sa polokeho ea likoloi. TheHo Tšoaraea tse entsoeng hantle le e hahiloengPeiso ea Asphaltho bolela hore e ka sebetsanaBoemo bo boima ba sephethephethe le maemo a leholimo a fapanenge fetelletse ka katleho ka lilemo tse ngata.

Molemo o mong oa bohlokoa ke horeAsphaltke 100% e nchafalitsoeng.Pavement ea Asphalt Asphalt(Rap) e ka kenngoa bochaAsphalt Metsoako, fokotsa tlhoko ea lisebelisoa tsa moroetsana le ho khelosa litšila tse tsoang ho LandFolls. Sena sea etsaAsphaltHo fetaTikolohoKhethobapisoa le lisebelisoa tse ling. Bokhoni ba hoRecycle a sebelisoa asphaltha e bolele feela lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho tse kangAggregatemmeBitumenempa e thusa hape ho fokotsa kakaretsoE theko e boimaTlhaho eaKaho ea tsela le tlhokomelo. Ho tsoa phihlelong ea rona, tlhoko ea boleng bo holimoBitumenSeo se ka kenyang rapporate rara se ntse se eketseha ka matla ho ba tsepamisa mohopolo o moholo.

5. Karolo e nyarosang ea sekhukhuni: Binder in asphalt mixes

Joalokaha re amme,Bitumenke mohale ea sa koahengAsphaltmotsoako. Ka tloaelo e etsa feela ka 5% eaAsphalt Remixka boima, empa karolo ea eona joalo kaTlamahanoe bohlokoa haholo ho ts'ebetso leHo TšoaratsaPeiso ea Asphalt. Ntle leBitumen, Asphalte ka ba qubu ea lintho tse lokolohilengAggregate.

Ts'ebetso ea mantlha eaBitumenke ho tlamali-aggregs le bitumenmmoho, e theha boima bo hokahanyang le bo tsitsitseng. Honali-viccousliaparo tsa thepa ea thepaAggregatelikaroloana, li etsa litlamo tse matla tse matla. Maqhama ana a fana kaAsphaltKa matla a eona ho hanela likhatello tse behiloeng ke mabaka a sephethe-phethe. Boleng le mofuta oaBilumen e sebelisitsoengTšusumetso e tobileng ka kotlolohoAsphaltKe ho hanela 'ho sithabetsa joaloka ho ruruha (ho sithabela ha mabili), mokhathala oa moferefere (ka lebaka la liphetoho tse phetoang). Limaraka tse fapaneng tsaBitumenli hlalositsoe bakeng sa maemo a fapaneng a leholimo le maemo a sephethephethe ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng. Mohlala, softerBluemene sebelisoe le maemo a leholimo a batang ho thibela ho qhekella, ha e le thataBitumene khethoa maemong a leholimo a chesang ho hana ho ruruha.

Ntle le moo,Bitumene fana ka metsi hoPeiso ea Asphalt. E tlatsa li-voids pakeng tsaAggregatelikaroloana, ho thibela metsi hore a se ke a kenellatselasebopeho. Sena se bohlokoa hobane sethala sa metsi sa metsi se ka fokolisa likarolo tsa tsela, li lebisang ho tloha pelehi pele ho nako pele ho nako. Mofuta o sa tsitsang oaBitumene thusa ho sireletsatselamotheo le ho eketsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ea eona. E le morekisi oa limaraka tse fapaneng, ho kenyelletsaMocheso o phahameng oa asphaltLihlahisoa tsa mocheso oa moea, rea utloisisa hore li fana ka tokeloBitumenke senotlolo sa ho fihlela nako e telele ea nako e teleleLitsela tsa Asphalt.

6. Ka nqane ho litsela le lits'ebeletso tse fapaneng tsa lihlahisoa tsa asphalt le li-lorumen

Ha a ntse aKaho ea tselake kopo e tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa, e ikhethangthepa le ts'ebelisotsaAsphaltmmeBitumeneketsa ho ea libakeng tse ling tse fapaneng tsa likarolong tse ling tsa khoebo le khoebo. Litšobotsi tsa tsona tsa ho nahanisisa tse se nang naha le tse khomaretsang li etsa hore ke tse bohlokoa mererong e fapaneng ea kaho le ea thepa.

Mona ke ho sheba lits'ebeliso tse ling tse fapaneng:

• Marulelo: Bilumene sebelisoa haholo molemong oa tlhahiso ea marikhoe a marulelo 'me a ikutloaLominininousLisebelisoa tsa marulelo li fana ka tšitiso e tšoarellang, e sa keneleng metsi khahlano le lintho, e sirelletsang meaho e tsoang ho lutla le tšenyo ea metsi.
• Ho nahanela metsi le ho tiisa: BilumenLikotsi le li-sealant le li-sealant li sebelisetsoa metheong e sa keneleng metsi, marokho, marokho le likanale.Bilumen emulsion'Me litharollo li sebelisoa ho libaka ho theha sejoana se sa tsitsang.
• Likotsi:Ho sireletsa lipeisheneng tse tsoang ka har'a lihlapi, haholoholo tse patiloeng ka tlas'a lefatše kapa ka tlasa metsi,BitumenHangata ho sebelisoa likokoana-hloko. Sena se atolosa bophelo bo botle ba thepa e boima.
• Molumo oa molumo: Asphalt- Maqephe a maqephe kapa bokooa bo sebelisoang ho indasteri le kahong ho fokotsa lerata le ho thothomela.
• Morekisi oa Liindasteri:MasticAsphaltE fana ka tharollo e thata, e tšoarellang le e nang le se nang letho bakeng sa lifeme tsa lifeme, matlotlo, le libaka tse theang li aparetsoe haholo le libaka tse boima.
• Lihlahisoa tse ikhethang:Feme ea rona, mohlala, e hlahisaAsphalt e khethehileng bakeng sa litlatsetso tsa oli. Tsena li ikhethileasphaltsli entsoe ka thepa e itseng ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea mokelikeli, tahlehelo ea metsi, 'me u ntlafatse botsitso hantlepetroleumindasteri. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang,Malinyane a maleal, sehlahisoa se seng seo re ithutileng sona, ke sa bohlokoa bakeng sa ho hlahisa li-carbon tsa aluminum bakeng sa aluminium bakeng sa ho hloma, e le graphite elephide ea graymaking, le joalo kaTlamahanobakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa carbon.

Phapang eaAsphalt le BilumenBarekisi ba bona ba tsoang litšoaneleho tsa bona tsa mantlha: Ke Thermoplatics (Soften ha e futhumatsa, e thatafala ha e loanela metsi le lik'hemik'hale tse ngata haholo. Sena se ba lumella hore ba tloaelane bakeng sa bongata bo bongatathepa le ts'ebeliso, e ba etsang ea bohlokoalisebelisoa tse so ntlafatsoelikarolo tsa indasteri ea sejoale-joale.

7. Asphalt vs. Bolutha: Ho shebisisa tšebetso ea bona

Ha o bapisaAsphall vs. Bulumen, ho bohlokoa ho pheta-pheta seoAsphalt ke motsoakoe nang leBitumen. Kahoo, ts'ebetso eaAsphalte itšetlehile haholo ka boleng le mofuta oaBilumen e sebelisitsoeng, hammoho leAggregatele moralo oa kopanya. Leha ho le joalo, re ka buisana ka hore na joangBitumenLitho tsa thepa li susumetsaAsphaltts'ebetso ea sts ka lits'ebetso tse fapaneng.

Bilumenka boeona, joalo kaTlamahano, e khetholloa ke pono ea eona, sehlopha sa ts'ebetso ea ho kenella, ho thata), ntlha e nolofatsang, le mafu. Merero ena e supa hore naAsphalt Remix Asphalte tla etsoa ka tlasa maemo a fapaneng. Ka mohlala:

• A Bitumenka boleng bo tlase ba ho kenella (ho thataBitumen) e tla fella kaAsphaltseo se senya haholoanyane holithemparetjha tse phahamengEmpa e kanna ea ba tloaelo ea ho akheha le ho feta mocheso o tlase.
• Ka lehlakoreng le leng, aBitumenka boleng bo phahameng ba ho kenella (softerBitumen) e tla hlahisa ho fetoha le maemoAsphalt, ho tšoaneleha hantle bakeng sa maemo a leholimo a batang empa a ke ke a tiisoa tlasa mojaro o boima tlasa mocheso o chesang.

Mabapi le kopo,Bilumen hangata e sebelisoajoalo ka thepa ea mantlha ea ho fafatsa (litiiso tsa chip kapa liaparo tsa marang-rang), moo selikaliko saHot Bilumene fafalitsoe ka holim'a tsela ea 'mila, e lateloa ke mokato oaAggregate. Sena ke aE theko e boimaMokhoa oa ho tiisa tsela ea ho tiisa le ho ntlafatsa khatello ea silid.Athe li-chumenke karolo,Asphalt(thepa e kopaneng) e sebelisoa bakeng sa likarolo tsa sebopeho satsela, ho fana ka matla a ka sehloohong a ho be le mojaro. E fapanengAsphalt Metsoako(e.g..Likarolo tsa Asphaltkahare hotselaSebopeho (thupelo ea Base, Bohloko ba TlatsetsoHo Tšoara.

Khetho pakeng tsa fapanengBilumen kapa asphaltLihlahisoa li tla itšetleha ka litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsaMorero oa kaho. Mohlala, tsela e phahameng ea sephethe-phethe e tla hloka matlahot moving asphaltka semolao se fetotsengBitumenBakeng sa ho ntlafatsoaHo Tšoara, ha koloi ea mahaeng e ka tšeloa ka ho lekaneng ke e bonoloLintho tsa Asphalt. Ho utloisisa matsuane aAsphall vs BidumenE thusa ho baenjiniere

8. Ke lintlha life tsa tikoloho le tšusumetso ea ho sebelisa asphalt le sekontiri?

TheTšireloana ea tikolohotsaAsphaltmmeBitumenHo etsa tlhahiso le ts'ebeliso ke ho nahanisisa ka lintho tse bohlokoa hoIndasteri ea Asphalt. Joalo ka ts'ebetso efe kapa efe ea indasteri e amanang lepetroleumLihlahisoa, ho na le mathata, empa hape li le molemong oa ho tsitsa.

E 'ngoe ea lintho tse kholo tsa tikoloho li amana leembiseNakong ea tlhahiso eahot moving asphalt. FuthumatsaBitumen le li-aggregsholithemparetjha tse phahamengKenya matla 'me ho ka lokolla likhase tse futhumetseng le metsoako e sa sebetseng ea manyolo (li-vocs). Leha ho le joalo, indasteri e sebetsa ka mafolofolo ho fokotsa sena. Nts'etsopele ea motsoako o futhumetsengAsphalt(Wma) ke mohlala o ka sehloohong. Ka ho lumellaTlhahiso ea Asphaltka lithemparetjha tse tlase, wma e fokotsa haholoMetsoako ea Matla le Ensionsions. Sena ha se kokote feelaTšireloana ea tikolohoEmpa hape e ka etsa hore e boloke chelete e ngata.

Karolo e 'ngoe e ntle ke horeAsphalt. Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana,Peiso ea Asphaltke e 'ngoe ea thepa e hlophisitsoeng ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.Pavement ea Asphalt Asphalt(Rap) e ka kenngoa bochaAsphalt Metsoakoliperesente tse phahameng, fokotsa tlhoko ea moroetsanaBitumenmmeAggregate, a boloka lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho, le ho fokotsa litšila tsa naha. Moruo ona o potolohileng o ntlafatsa haholo profil ea ts'ebetso eaLitsela tsa Asphalt. Ntle le moo, tsoelo-pele hoAsphalt theknolojikenyelletsa nts'etsopele eaAsphalt, e nang le molemo o laola metsi a sefefo a sefefo, a fokotsa likhohola le lipelaelo tsa ho sefa. Boiteko bo boetse bo tsoela pele ho holisa lisebelisoa tsa Bio-BIALS e kenelletsang lisebelisoa tse nchafatsoang kapa tse ling bakeng saPetroleum Bilumen, e ikemiselitse ho ea peleFokotsa bolo ea maoto a khabonetsaKaho ea tsela.

Ha a ntse atar, haholo-holo mashalatar, o tobane le ho ts'oana ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale le menyetla ea eona ea ho leta lintho tse kotsi, tšebeliso ea eona hoKaho ea tselahajoale e nyane libakeng tse ngata. KajenoBitumenmekhoa ea ho hana le mekhoa e hlokolosi e ikemiselitse ho hlahisa li-binders tse bolokehileng le tse tsitsitseng ha li sebelisoa hoLipapali tsa Asphalt. Bakeng sa bareki ba rona, haholo-holo ba leng libaka tse nang le melao ea tikoloho e tšoanang le ea Europe le USA, re netefatsa hore lihlahisoa tsa rona li fumana maemo ohle a hlokahalang. Boitlamo bona hoLITLHAKISO TSA BOPHELOe bohlokoa.

9. Ha u khetha lingoliloeng tse nepahetseng: Joang ho khetha asphalt e sebetsang bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau?

Ho khetha ka nepoMofuta oa asphaltkapaBitumenMophato o bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa aMorero oa kahoho atlehile ka bobeli leE theko e boima. Bakeng sa ofisiri ea k'hamphani le ofisiri ea thuto e kang matšoao Thompson, ho lekanya boleng ba ho lekanya ho na le litheko tsa tlholisano. Ha se feela ka litšenyehelo tsa pele tsaLintho tsa Asphalt, empa hape ka ts'ebetso ea nako e telele leLitsenyehelo tsa Tlhokomelo.

Mona ke mokhoa o sebetsang oa hoho khetha asphalt e nepahetseng:

1. Utloisisa litlhoko tsa merero:

   • Moroalo oa sephethephethe:TlatselaTs'ehetso, e mahareng, kapasephethephethe se boima? Libaka tse nang le sephethe-phethe li hloka matla ho fetaAsphalt Metsoakoe nang le phahamengHo Tšoara.
   • Maemo a leholimo:Nahana ka boemo ba sebaka sa lehae. Lithemparetjha tse feteletseng (tse chesang ebile li bata)BitumenKereiti leMofuta oa asphalt. Mohlala, aTlolo ea lesapo la mokokotlo oa acSphalte kanna ea ba tse loketseng maemo a leholimo le likopo.
   • Tebello ea Lifespan:Bophelo bo lakatsehang batsela? Ho phela nako e telele ho feta ho ka lokafatsa letsete le phahameng la pele ho thepa ea Primium joalo ka Polymer-e fetotsengAsphalt.
   • Kopo e ikhethang:Ke ea e nchaMorero oa Kaho ea Mmila, ntlafatso, ho pata, kapa ts'ebeliso e khethehileng ea indasteri? E 'ngoe le e' ngoe e hloka mokhoa o fapaneng.

2. Lekola mefuta e fapaneng ea asphalt:

   • Hot morekal asphalt (HMA):Molemo ka ho fetisisaHo Tšoarale libaka tse nang le sephethephethe se phahameng, empa e ka ba theko e boima haholo qalong.
   • Motsoako o futhumetseng oasphalt (WMA):E fana ka ts'ebetso e ntle ka melemo ea tikoloho le ea theko e tlase ka lebaka la mocheso o tlase oa tlhahiso.E fana ka molemoho ba le ts'ebetso.
   • Cold Remix Asphalt (CMA):HapeE theko e boimaBakeng sa litokiso tsa nakoana, libaka tse hole, kapa litseleng tse tlase.E sebelisoa ka mocheso o tlase, e etsa hore e be bonolo mesebetsi e nyane.
   • Asphalt e fetotsoeng:Nahana ka likopo tse boima moo ts'ebetso e ntlafalitsoeng (e.g., ho hanyetsa ha ho hanyetsa ho hanyetsaCrackKhanyetso) e tšoaea liphoso, le haeba litšenyehelo tsa pele li phahama.

3. Nahana ka litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele:

   • E theko e tlaaseAsphaltKhetho e ka ipolokela chelete qalong empa e ka lebisa ho holimoLitsenyehelo tsa Tlhokomelole mokhoa o mokhuts'oane o matla, qetellong o bitsa ho feta. Ho tsetela ka bolengBitumenle ea loketsengAsphalt RemixHangata moralo o lula o lefa.
   • Sesosa se ka khonang ho sebelisaaslaimmed asphalt(Rap), e ka fokotsang litšenyehelo tsa thepa 'me keTikolohoKhetho.

4. Sebetsa ka barekisi ba tšepahalang:

   • Morekisi ea nang le tsebo (joalo ka rona!) O ka fana ka tataiso ho tse ntlehaliAsphaltkapaBitumenbakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau tse khethehileng le tekanyetso. Re utloisisa hore "boleng" bo akaretsang theko le boleng. Re netefatsa lihlahisoa tsa rona, ebang ke tekanoBitumenkapa e ikhethangasphalts, khetha litekanyetso tsa machabeng.

Ka ho nahana ka hloko lintlha tsena, likhoebo li ka khonaetsa tsebisitsoeng haholoQeto, e netefatsa hore baa iphelisa aasphalt e theko e boimaTharollo e fang tšebetsong ts'ebetso e hlokahalang mmeHo Tšoara.

10. Kholiseho ea boleng bo holimo le sekontiri: Morekisi o lokela ho batla eng?

Bakeng sa bareki joalo ka Mareka Thompson, ea rekilengAsphaltmmeBitumenLihlahisoa tse tsoang linaheng tse tsoelang pele tse kang Chaena, lisebelisoa tsa boleng bo holimo ke ho ameha haholo. Boleng balisebelisoa tse so ntlafatsoeHo khothatsa ka ho toba merero ea bareki ba hae, ebang ke li-aluminium shlters, ebang ke li-aluminium shlters, lere la tšepe, kapaKaho ea tselalik'hamphani. Mona ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tseo u lokelang ho nahana ka tsona ha li fana ka lihlahisoa tsena:

• Tlhahlobo ea boleng le litsie tsa boleng:Sena ha se khone ho buisana. Bareki ba lokela ho tsitlella ho litlaleho tse felletseng tsa tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo ea tlhahlobo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe eaAsphaltkapaBitumen. Batla barekisi ba latelang litekanyetso tsa machabeng (e.g., Astm, Ashto, en). Setifikeiti se kang ISO 9001 (bakeng sa taolo ea boleng) le Iso 14001 (bakeng sa taolo ea tikoloho) ke matšoao a hantle a boitlamo ba boleng le mekhoa e nang le boikarabello. Ka mohlala, re boikhohomoso ho laola boleng ba rona ba 7 ho hlahisa mela. Mark o kile a re: "Bophahamo ba setifikeiti ke sebaka sa kelello sa 'nete. "Re hloka barekisi bao re ka ba tšepang."
• Mohlahisi oa ho tsebahala le boiphihlelo:Khetha bareki ka rekoto ea pina e netefalitsoeng le boiphihlelo ba ho romella sebakeng sa heno (USA, le Amerika Leboea, Europe, Australia, joalo-joalo). Sekhechana se thehiloeng ho na le monyetla o sa fetoheng oa tlhahiso mme o utloisisa ka thata le mofuthu oa khoebo ea machabeng. Ho bala bopaki kapa ho kopa litšupiso ho ka u thusa.
• Litlhaloso tsa mahlale:Hlalosa ka ho hlaka litlhaloso tse hlokahalang bakeng saAsphaltkapaBitumen. Sena se kenyelletsa sehlopha sa ho kenella, ntlha e mpefatsang, liketsahalo tse ngata, le litlhokahalo tse khethehileng tsa ho fetoloaasphaltskapa lihlahisoa tse khethehileng. Etsa bonnete ba hore morekisi a ka kopana le litlhaloso tsena kamehla.
• Logistics le thomello:Lipolelo tse sebetsang li bohlokoa ho qoba ho lieha tse ka sitisang lipehelo tsa tlhahiso. Buisana ka lipehelo tsa thomello, linako tsa lead, li paka (e.g.Asphalt Powder), le boiphihlelo ba mofani oa thepa ka thepa ea machaba. Morekisi ea tšepahalang o tla buisana ka boemo ba thepa.
• Puisano le Ts'ehetso:Puisano e sebetsang ke senotlolo sa khoebo e boreleli. Baemeli ba thekiso ea thepa ba thepa ba lokela ho ba le tsebo, ba araba ba thusa, 'me ba khona ho sebetsana le lipotso tsa tekheniki. Sena se thusa ho qoba ho se utloisisane le ho rarolla mathata a mang ka potlako. Hangata tšoankho e hatisa hore "Puisano e sa sebetseng e ka ba litšenyehelo e le theko e boima joaloka sehlopha se sebe sa boitsebiso."
• Mekhoa ea Tefo:Etsa bonnete ba hore mekhoa e pepeneneng le e sireletsehileng ea tefo e fumaneha. Buisanang ka lintlha ka botlalo.

Ka ho sheba lintlha tsena, bareki ba ka fokotsa likotsi haholo 'me ba haha ​​likamano tse matla le barekisi ba tšepahalang baAsphaltmmeBitumen, Ho netefatsa hore ba fumana lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tse khotsofatsang litlhoko tsa bona tsa morero le litebello tsa bareki.

11. Polelo ea The Asphalt

TheIndasteri ea Asphaltha e eme; E lula e ntse e tsoela peleTsoelo-pele Tsoahlahlalelong AsphaltRe etselitsoe ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso, ho tsilatsila le katleho ea litšenyehelo. Lits'oants'o tsena li qala bokamoso baLi-inshorestroredingLe kamoo re nahanang ka sonaAsphaltmmeBitumen.

Liphetoho tse ling tse thabisang li kenyelletsa:

• Ho folisa Asphalt:Bafuputsi baa holaasphaltsSeo se ka lokisa mapetso a manyane ka bohona. Hangata sena se kenyelletsa ho kenyelletsa Microcapsules tse nang le likhoele tsa ho nchafatsa kapa likhoele tsa tšepe tseo, ha li futhumetse ka ho itaola, ho qhibiliha ho potolohaBitumenho qoela mapetso. Sena se ka fokotsa haholoLitsenyehelo tsa Tlhokomelole ho holisatselaBophelo.
• Litsela tse Tsoang ke Matla:Merero ea Pilot ea hlahlobaLipapali tsa AsphaltE kenelletse ka likhalase tsa Piezoelectric tse ka hlahisang motlakase ho khatello ea maikutlo ea likoloi tse fetang. Ha a ntse a le maemong a pele, sena se ka fetola litsela tsa matla a maholohali.
• Litsela tse pholileng:Tsena keasphaltsE etselitsoe ho bontša hore ho na le letsoai le leng la letsatsi le leholo mme ho ntlafatsa mouoane oa metsi, ho fokotsa mocheso o moholo. Sena se ka thusa ho fokotsa phello eatban ho futhumatsa, ho beha matla a matla a ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba moea.
• Bio-Asphalt le Bio-Biders:Patlisiso ea Bohlokoa e Tla Ho HlahaBitumenmekhoa e meng e tsoang hopetroleumMehloli e kang Litinin (ea tsoang lehong), Microal, kapa oli ea litšila. Bareki ba Bio-Bunder ba ikemiselitse ho theha tse lingTikoloho e Botsoalle e Asphaltlikhetho le ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka mafura a fossil.
• Mekhoa e ntlafalitsoeng ea ho nchafatsa:Litsebi li ntlafalletsa bokhoni ba ho sebelisa liperesente tse phahameng tsaPavement ea Asphalt Asphalt(Rap) le li-shingles tse nchafalitsoeng tsa asphalt (ras) e nchaAsphalt Metsoakontle le ho sekisetsa ts'ebetso. Sena se kenyelletsa mekhoa e metle ea ho khutlisa mekhoa ea ho khutlisa thepa ea lilemoBitumen.
• Litsela tse bohlale tse nang le sensous tse kentsoeng.Ho kopanya li-sensor ho kenaLikarolo tsa Asphalte ka fana ka data ea nako ea sebele maemong a sephethe-phethe,tselabophelo bo botle, leMaemo a leholimo, e thusa ho lokisa le ho ntlafatsa sephethephethe sa sephethephethe.

TsenaAsphalt theknolojiBontša boitlamo ba ho theha boitlamo bo eketsehileng, bo tsitsitseng, bo matla le bo bohlaleLi-inshorestroreding. Joalokaha fektheri e ikarabellang ho hlahisa boleng bo holimoAsphaltle mashalatarLihlahisoa, re latela tsoelo-pele ena. Ho amohela theknoloji e ncha ho re fa monyetla oa ho fanaE loketse hantleLihlahisoa tse fihlelang batho ba etsang lintho tse mpe tsa sejoale-joaleKaho ea tselale lits'ebetso tsa indasteri, qetellong li kenya letsoho ho betereBoleng ba tselale bokamoso bo tsitsitseng. Leeto laAsphalte hole haholo; E boetse e lokisoa ka ntlafatso.

Key Literata:

• Asphaltke lisebelisoa tse kopaneng tse entsoeng kaBitumen(binder) leAggregate, haholo-holoe sebelisoang ka har'a tsela.
• Bilumenkeli-viccous, mofuta o motšo, o tiileng oapetroleum, e etsa lintho e le ea bohlokoaTlamahanohoAsphalt Metsoako.
• Tar(mashala ka ho khethehatar) e tsoa ka mashala, e khetholla hangata hoBitumen, joale o ne a sebelisoa hape ka boithuto bo ikhethang ba indasteri ho feta kakaretsotsela.
• Ho na le mefuta e fapanengMefuta ea Asphalt(Ho kopanya hot, motsoako o mofuthu,Cold Remix Asphalt, Ea futhumetseng, e fetotsoeng) e tsamaisang lits'ebetso tse fapaneng, maemo a leholimo le mojaro oa sephethephethe.
• Asphalte atile hoKaho ea tselaKa lebaka la eonaHo Tšoara, ho feto-fetoha le maemo, ho tiisa bocha leE theko e boimatlhaho.
• Ha MoroalloAsphaltkapaBitumen, Shebana le tlhahlobo-leseling ea boleng, litifikeiti (iso), botumo bo botle, litlhaloso tsa mahlale a mahlale le puisano e ntle le puisano e ntle le puisano e ntle le puisano e ntle.
• TheIndasteri ea Asphalte nchafetse, ha e tsoetsoe ke ho iphelisaasphalts, tsela e pholileng, le bik e fana ka sepheo sa bio-Bio-Bii e rera ho boloka le ho tšoarellaLi-inshorestroreding.
• Ho utloisisaPhapang ea Bohlokoammethepa le ts'ebelisotsa lisebelisoa tsena lia thusaHo khetha se nepahetsengKhetho ea eng kapa engMorero oa kaho, ho lekanya litšenyehelo le ts'ebetso.