Kugaragaza Ukuri Kubyerekeye Amakara Tar na Coal-Tar

Coal Tar na Coal-tar-tar nibikoresho bifatika biboneka mubisabwa byinganda, uhereye kumishinga yo hejuru yo hejuru yumusaruro wa aluminium. Ariko, gukorana nabo bisaba gusobanukirwa byimazeyo imitungo yabo, ingaruka zishobora kuba, naumutekanoIngamba zikenewe mu kurinda abakozi. Iyi ngingo isize mubice binenga byaAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tar, kwibanda kuriakazi umutekano n'ubuzima, ingaruka ziterwa naAmakara Tar pitch ihishe(Ctpvs), nuburyo bwayoindangamuntun'imicungire mu nganda, harimo ikoreshwa muriigisengePorogaramu kandilaboratoireIsesengura. Nibyingenzi usomwa kubantu nka Mark Thompson, ushinzwe amasoko muri Amerika, cyangwa abanyamwuga winganda muri aluminium, impengamiro ya aluminium, impengamisi, nakubakaNinde ukemura ibyo bikoresho. Nka Allen, nyir'uruganda mu Bushinwa hamwe n'imirongo irindwi yohereza hanzeUruganda rurerure rufite igikojo hamwe n'abatanga isokokwisi yose, ndashaka gusangira ubushishozi bufatika kugirango bigufashe kwemezaUmutekano wakazino kubahiriza, gukora ibyemezo bimenyerewe mugihe utoroshye ibikomoka kumakara tar na peterolicoke.

Gusobanukirwa Byibanze: Niki coal tar hamwe namakara-tar-tar?

Noneho, mubyukuri tuvuga mugihe tuvuzeAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tar? Amakara tar ni amazi menshi, yijimye, abyqroductyabonetse mugihe amakara ya karubonied kugirango ukore coke (nko muriCoke) cyangwa guhuzwa no gukoraGutandukanaibicuruzwa. Tekereza nkivanga ryibihumbiimiti. Iyo iyi mbisitar iragaragara, itandukanya ibice bitandukanye, kandi kimwe mubicuruzwa byingenzi bivuye kuriyiagahindainzira ni amakara-tar. Iki kibuga niibisigisigiibumoso nyuma yo kugandukira amakara. Irashobora kuva mubikoresho byoroshye, igice cyamazi kugirango bikomeye, bitontoma, bitewe nurwego rwo gutandukanya.

TheibihimbanoyaAmakara tar cyangwa coal-tarIbicuruzwa nibisanzwe bidasanzwe, mbere na mbere bigizwe naHydrocarbone, harimoPolycyclic Hydrocarbone(Pahs). Bimwe byihariyeibibuga byamakara birimoabahinduwe kubiranga cyangwa ubushyuhe. UzasangaAmakara tar ikoreshwamu rubuga runini. Kurugero, ni ikintu gikomeye muriibikoresho byo gusakara(nkaIgisenge,pavementAbasare, barindagutwikiraPorogaramu, kandi nka Binder mugukora amatora yo gukoraUmusaruro wa Aluminumno gusebanya. Ni amatekaikoreshwa mu kuvura uruhuimiterere nkaprimosis, nubwo uku gukoresha ubu bacukuwe neza kubera ibibazo byubuzima. Gusobanukirwa iyi shingiroindangamuntuni intambwe yambere iganisha ku mikorere myiza.

Nkumukora, dutanga uburyo butandukanye, nkaAmakara Tar Plakesbyoroshye gukora no gutwara. Icyiciro cyihariye cyo gukinisha-kuba ubushyuhe bwo hagati, ubushyuhe bwinshi, cyangwa bwahinduwe - bugena ibyo bikwiranye na porogaramu runaka. Kubucuruzi nka Mark Thompson, itanga ibi bikoresho kunganda zitandukanye, uzi inkomoko hamwe nibiranga fatizo nibyingenzi kubitekerezo byubwiza kandiumutekano.

Ni ukubera iki guhura nakazi kuri coal tar pitch ihindagurika (ctpvs) impungenge zikomeye?

Imwe mumpamvu zibanze zo guhangayikishwaakaziIgenamiterere niKugaragaza amakara tar tarIhindagurika, zikunze kwitwa CTPVS. Iyo amakara yamakara cyangwa amakara ashyushye - nkuko akenshi ari mubisabwa nkinzu yinzu, pating, cyangwa aluminium ishonga-isohora iyi shusho mu kirere. CTPVs ni imvange ya Alleckx yicyumba hamwe nimyuka, harimo na pahs nyinshi, zimwe murizo zizwi cyangwa ukekwaho kuba kanseri, nkabenzene. Ibikwerekanwairashobora kubahoguhumeka, guhuza uruhu, cyangwa ndetseIGestionNiba ibikorwa byiza bidakurikijwe.

Urwego rwibyago kuvaAmakara Tar pitch ihisheAkenshi biterwa nibintu byinshi: thekwibandaya ctpvs mu kirere, igihe cyakwerekanwa, yihariyeimiti ibihimbanoy'ihindagurika, n'ingamba zo kugenzura mu mwanya. Abakozi mu nganda nkagushiraibikorwa,cokeIbimera, aluminium bishonga, umuhandapavement ni mubashobora guhangana hejuruakazi Guhura na Coal Tar. Kubafite ubucuruzi nka Mark Thompson, gusobanukirwa izi ngaruka ningirakamaro ntabwo ari kubikorwa byabo gusa niba bitwaye ibikoresho ariko nanone kubugira inama abakiriya babo kuriumutekano n'ubuzimaprotocole. Ubushobozi bwingaruka zubuzima bwigihe kirekire bukora gucungakwerekanwaKuri ctpvs hejuru yaUbuzima n'umutekanomuriAKAZI.

Mu bigo byacu, dushimangira akamaro ko gusobanukirwa izi ngaruka. Twizera ko ubumenyi ari umurongo wambere wingabo. Kwigisha ikipe yacu kandi, mukugukishwa, abakiriya bacuCtpvsn'akamaro ko kugabanyaGuhura na Coal Tarni igice cyibanze cyo kwiyemezaumutekano. Ubu buryo bworoshye ni ngombwa mugukomeza abakozi bafite ubuzima bwiza no kubungabunga ibisonga bishinzwe ibicuruzwa.

Nigute dukora neza kumenyekanisha no gukoraho laboratoire yibicuruzwa bya coal?

NukuriindangamuntunalaboratoireIsesengura rikomeye ryo gucunga ingaruka zijyanye naAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tar. Ibi bitangirana no gusobanukirwa ibicuruzwa byihariye urimo ukorana. Amanota atandukanye n'ubwoko bw'ikaramu yamakara bizagira urwego rutandukanye rwibice bihindagurika hamwe nibintu bitandukanye byumubiri. Kurugero, ibyacuUbushyuhe bwo Hagati AsfaltUzagira ibiranga bitandukanye kuruta ubushyuhe bwinshi. BikwiyeindangamuntuBikubiyemo kumenya inkomoko, inzira yo gukora, no kubona uburyo burambuye bwibicuruzwa hamwe nimpapuro zumutekano (SDS).

Ku bijyanye no gusuzumaakazi kwerekanwa, Gutegura no gusesenguratekinike ikoreshwa. Ibi mubisanzwe bikubiyemo gukusanya umwukaicyitegererezos muri zone yo guhumeka cyangwa muri rusangeAKAZIuturere ahoAmakara Tar pitch ihishebirashobora kuba uhari. Izi ngero noneho zoherejwe ku bushobozilaboratoireyo gusesengura. Igitaramo kizasesengura kuri dahs yihariye cyangwa kubice bya benzene-bikubye byose, nikihe gipimo rusange kuri CTPV. Ibisubizo by'ibiGutegura no gusesengurafasha kumenyakwibandaya CTPVs hanyuma uyigereranyeakazi imipaka yo kwerekana. Aya makuru ni ngombwa mugusuzuma imikorere yingamba zo kugenzura no kwemeza kubahirizaamabwirizas.

Ku mukozi ushinzwe gutanga amasoko nka Mark, hemeza ko abatanga ibicuruzwa bitanga amakuru yibikorwa kandi, nibiba ngombwa, gushyigikira amakuru yisesengura ni urufunguzo. Ifasha mugukora ireme no guha abakiriya be amakuru akenewe kuboumutekanoIsuzuma. Ku ruganda rwacu, dukora uburyo bukomeye bukomeye, burimolaboratoireKwipimisha, kugirango ibicuruzwa byacu bihuye nibisobanuro no gutanga gukorera mu mucyo kubakiriya bacu ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho bakira.

Kuyobora imiterere rusange: Niki osha na niosh umurongo ngenderwaho kumakara ya soal.

Gusobanukirwa no gukurikiza amabwiriza nibyingenzi mugihe ukemura ibibazo nkaAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tar. Muri Amerika, umutekano w'akazi n'ubuyobozi bw'ubuzima (Osha) nicyo cyibanzeikigoashinzwe gushyiraho no kubahiriza aho ukoreraumutekano n'ubuzimaamahame.Osha'sAmabwiriza agamijeimipakaumukozikwerekanwakubinyabuzima, harimoAmakara Tar pitch ihishe. By'umwihariko, Osha afite imipaka yemewe yo kwerekana (Pel) kuri CTPV, mubisanzwe bipimirwa nka bejezene-soudan yoroshye ikibazo cyose. Iyi pel yubahirizwa byemewe n'amategeko, kandi abakoresha bagomba kwemeza uwo mukozikwerekanwantabwo arengaimipaka.

Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe umutekano w'ubukazi n'ubuzima (Niosh), igice cyibigo cyo kugenzura no gukumira indwara (CDC), kigira uruhare rutandukanye cyane ariko kimwe.Nioshikora ubushakashatsi kandi itanga ibyifuzo byo gukumira ibikomere n'indwara zijyanye nakazi. MugiheNiosh'Basabwe kugabanya imipaka (rels) ntabwo byemewe n'amategeko nkaOsha'Ibisekuru, akenshi bigira ingaruka kandi bishingiye ku bworozi bugezweho bw'ubumenyi. Ibigo byinshi bihitamo gukurikiraNioshumurongo ngenderwaho nkuburyo bwiza bwo kurindaumukoziubuzima. ByombiOshanaNioshTanga ibikoresho byinshi kuriGuhura ku kazi kuri Coal Tar, itumanaho rifite ibyago, no kugenzura. TheamabwirizaHafi yibi bintu byateguwe kurinda abakozi, kandi ni ngombwa kubantu bose bakemuraAmakara tar cyangwa coal-tarIbicuruzwa kugirango umenye kandi ukurikize aya mahame. Ingaruka zitaziguyeUmutekano wakazi.

Kubisosiyete nka Mark, nibikoresho bifite isoko biva mu bihugu bisa n'Ubushinwa, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa, ukihagera no gukoresha muri Amerika, birashobora gukemurwa mu kubahiriza ibyoimipaka yo kwerekana. Ibi bishimangira itumanaho risobanutse nabaguzi kubijyanye nibicuruzwa hamwe nibishobora guhinduka bihindagurika. Twebwe, nkubumva, tukaharanira gutanga amakuru yose akenewe kugirango dufashe abakiriya bacu bujuje ibisabwa.

Ni ubuhe butumwa bwihariye bwo guhura na Benzene hamwe na ctpv?

Ingaruka z'ubuzima zijyanye naGuhura na Coal TarKandi ihindagurika ryayo, cyane cyane ctpvs nkabenzenenibindiPahs.umukozi umutekano n'ubuzima. Igihe gitokwerekanwaIrashobora gutera uburakari kuruhu, amaso, hamwe nubuhurwe. Ibimenyetso birashobora kubamo umutuku, kurira, gutwika ibyiyumvo, hamwe nubuhumekero. Abantu bamwe barashobora kandi guhura nifoto, bivuze uruhu rwabo rurutondeka izuba nyumakwerekanwa.

Igihe kirekire cyangwa inshuro nyinshiakazi kwerekanwaitwara ingaruka zikomeye.Amakara Tar pitch ihishebashyizwe mubikorwa nkibizwi bya karcinorons. Igihe kirekireguhumekacyangwa guhuza uruhu na CTPVS, harimobenzene(Leukemogen), yahujwe no guhura na kanseri zitandukanye. Harimokanseri y'uruhu(cyane cyane kanseri y'uruhu ya melanoma),Kanseri y'ibihaha, uruhagokanseri, kandiimpyikokanseri. TheGahunda yuburozi bwigihugu'Raporo kuri CarcinoGONSurutondeAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tarNkuko bizwi ko bizwi kuba carcinorons yabantu. Kurenga kanseri, karandekwerekanwaBirashobora kandi gushikana mubindi bibazo byuruhu, nka tarts cyangwa folliculitis, kandi birashoboka ko byangiza izindi nzego. Mugihe amakara amwe yimyiteguro ariikoreshwa mu kuvura uruhuimiterere nkaprimosisKugenzurwa n'ubuvuzi, utagenzuweakazi kwerekanwairatandukanye cyane kandi itezimbere imibereho ikomeye.

Gusobanukirwa izi ngaruka zihariye zubuzima, uhereye kubirangirwa bisanzwe mubihe bikomeye nka kanseri, ni ngombwa. Ishimangira impamvu kubahirizaimipaka yo kwerekana, gukoresha neza ibikoresho byo kurinda umuntu (PPE), hamwe nubugenzuzi bwubwumvikane bwubwubatsi ntabwo aribwo busabwa gusa kubisabwa kugirango turinde ubuzima n'imibereho myiza ya buriumukozi guhura namakaraibicuruzwa.

Gukora Isuzuma ritunganijwe: Intambwe yo kugenzura inganda?

Ibyago byuzuyeIsuzumani imfuruka yo gucungaakaziibyago bifitanye isanoAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tarmuri buri weseingandagushiraho. Intego ni ukumenya ibishobora guturuka kwakwerekanwaKuriAmakara Tar pitch ihishe, suzuma ingaruka, kandi ushyire mubikorwa ingamba zo kugenzura kugirango wirindekwanduzakandi urindeumukoziubuzima. Iyi nzira ni ngombwa mugukomeza ibyizaUbwiza bwo mu kireremuriAKAZI.

Dore uburyo rusange bwo kuyobora ibyagoIsuzuma:

1. Menya ibyago:Menya aho nuburyo abakozi bashobora kubaguhura na coal taribicuruzwa. Ibi birimo imirimo nko gushyushya, gusuka, gutera, cyangwa gukata ibikoresho birimo amakara tar tar. Reba inzira zose zishoboka zakwerekanwa: guhumekaya CTPVs, uruhu hamwe naibintu, kandi impanukaIGestion.
2. Menya uwazangizwa nuburyo:Andika abakozi cyangwa amatsinda y'abakozi bafite ibyago kandi bagasobanura ingaruka zidasanzwe zubuzima, nkuko byaganiriweho mbere.
3. Suzuma ibyago hanyuma uhitemo ingamba:
   • Gupima cyangwa kugereranya urwego rwakwerekanwa. Ibi birashobora kubamoUbwiza bwo mu kirereGukurikirana CTPVkwibanda.
   • Gereranya izi nzego kuriakazi imipaka yo kwerekana(urugero,OshaIbishushanyo,NioshRels).
   • Shyira imbere ingaruka kandi umenye niba igenzura riri rihari rihagije cyangwa niba zikeneye gukorwa.
4. Ingamba zo kugenzura:Kurikiza urwego rwo kugenzura:
   • Kurandura / gusimburwa:Niba bishoboka, gusimbuza ibicuruzwa bya Taal hamwe nubundi buryo bwiza. (Ibi akenshi ntibishoboka kubera ibisabwa byimikorere).
   • Igenzura ry'ubwubatsi:Gushyira mubikorwa sisitemu yo guhumeka (guhumeka kwaho akenshi ni urufunguzo), urufunguzo, cyangwa inzira yo guhindura imyuka kugirango igabanye imyuka.
   • Igenzura ry'ubuyobozi:Hindura ibikorwa byakazi, nko kugabanyakwerekanwaIgihe, gutanga amahugurwa, no kugenzura imigenzo myiza.
   • Ibikoresho byo kurinda umuntu (PPE):Tanga no kwemeza neza ibihumeka, gants, no kwambika imyenda yo kwirwanaho.
5. Andika ibisubizo no kubishyira mubikorwa:Andika ingarukaIsuzuma, Igenzura ryashyizwe mubikorwa, n'amahugurwa ayo ari yo yose yatanzwe.
6. Isubiramo no Kuvugurura:Gusubiramo buri gihe ibyagoIsuzuma(urugero, buri mwaka, cyangwa mugihe utunganije impinduka) kugirango hakomeze kuba ingirakamaro.

Nyirubwite nka Mark Thompson, gusobanukirwa ibiIsuzumaInzira ifite agaciro, niyo yaba adakora muburyo butaziguye. Iramufasha kumenya akamaro kaumutekanoAmakuru yakira ab'abatanga isoko kandi ahuza nabakiriya be. Gukumirakwanduzano kwemeza umutekanoAKAZIni inshingano zisangiwe.

Kurenga Amabwiriza: Ingamba zumutekano ufata ibyemezo kumakara tarling?

Mugihe akinguriraOshanaNioshAmabwiriza ni ngombwaumukozi umutekanoIngamba zigenda zigenda kure kugirango umutekanoAKAZIibidukikije mugihe ukemuraAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tar. Ibi bikubiyemo guteza imbere imbaragaumutekanoUmuco aho buriumukozini Gusezerana no guhabwa imbaraga. Nibyerekeranye no guhura byibuzeamabwiriza; ni uharanira ubuziranenge bwo hejuruUbuzima n'umutekano.

Ingamba zikomeye zifatika zirimo:

• Amahugurwa Yuzuye:Abakozi bagomba guhabwa imyitozo neza atari kubigo byaAmakara Tar pitch ihishenibindiimitiuhari, ariko nanone kubintu byakazi biteka, imikoreshereze myiza no gufata neza fepe (nkuduhatsi bidafite ishingiro), uburyo bwihutirwa, hamwe no kunywa itabi mbere yakazi). Aya mahugurwa agomba gukomeza no kugarura ubuyanja buri gihe.
• Kuvugurura ubuzima no gusuzuma:Gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kugenzura ubuzima irashobora gufasha mu ntangiriroindangamuntuy'ibibazo byose byubuzima bijyanyekwerekanwa. Ibi birashobora kubamo kugenzura uruhu buri ruhu kuruhu rukomeyekwerekanwan'ubuvuzigusuzumankuko byasabwe naakaziinzobere mu buzima.
• Gushimangira ubuyobozi bw'ubwubatsi:Shyira imbere Igenzura ryubwubatsi (nka sisitemu yo guhumeka kugirango iteze imbereUbwiza bwo mu kirere) Kurenza kwishingikiriza kuri PPE ni ingamba nziza zigihe kirekire. Nka nyiri uruganda, nizera gushora imari mubuhanga bwiza ishora imari mubantu bacu.
• Itumanaho rifunguye:Shishikariza abakozi gutanga raporoumutekano, ubushobozikwerekanwa, cyangwa ibimenyetso bidafite ubwoba bwo kwihorera. Ibitekerezo Byibitekerezo bifasha mugukomeza kunozaUmutekano wakaziimikorere.
• Kubungabunga urugo rwiza:Kubungabunga isuku kandi itunganijweAKAZIirashobora kugabanya cyane kabirikwerekanwainzira. Imene zigomba gusukurwa vuba kandi neza.

Izi ntambwe zifatika zitera uruhare runini muri rusangeumutekano n'ubuzima. Kubantu nka Mariko, bakemura ibibazo bitandukanye nabakiriya, gusobanukirwa ko utanga isoko (nkatwe, isosiyete ya Allen) ishyira imbereumutekanoBirashobora kuba ikimenyetso gikomeye cyo kwizerwa no kwizerwa. Byerekana ubwitange burenze kubahiriza ibintu byoroshye, bigamije kuba indashyikirwa muriakaziKUBA BYIZA.

Uruhare rukomeye rwo gukurikirana neza ikirere mu gucunga akazi?

Ubwiza bwo mu kirereGukurikirana ni igikoresho cyingenzi cyo gucungaAKAZI kwerekanwaKuriAmakara Tar pitch ihishe(CTPVS). Ntushobora kugenzura neza ibyo udapima. Gukurikirana bifasha kugereranyakwibandayanduye ikirere, kureba niba urwego ruguma munsiakazi imipaka yo kwerekanakandi izo ngamba zo kugenzura zirakora nkuko byateganijwe. Iki nigice cyingenzi cyo gupfuka kuriIhuriro ryindege Ibipimo byinganda rusange.

Inzira isanzwe ikubiyemo:

• Isuzuma ryambere:Iyo ibicuruzwa bya coal bitamenyekana bwa mbere cyangwa mugihe inzira ihinduka, intangiriroIsuzumayaUbwiza bwo mu kirereifasha gushiraho ibirindirokwerekanwaumwirondoro.
• Gukurikirana kugiti cyawe:Ibi bikubiyemo gushyira igikoresho cyo gutangaza muri zone yo guhumeka cya aumukozigupima umuntu ku giti cyekwerekanwaKuri aumwandanka ctpvs yose ihinduka. Ibi bitanga amakuru yukuri yo gusuzuma ingaruka kugiti cye.
• Igenzura ry'akarere: Icyitegererezos yakusanyijwe ahantu hagenewe muriAKAZIgusuzuma JeneralikwibandayaAmakara Tar pitch ihisheahantu hatandukanye. Ibi birashobora gufasha kumenya "ahantu hashyushye" cyangwa uturere dushinzwe kugenzura ubuhanga bishobora gukenera iterambere.
• Gukurikirana / buri gihe:Ukurikije ibisubizo byambere, imiterere yumurimo, hamwe nibisabwa, buri giheUbwiza bwo mu kirereGukurikirana akenshi bikenewe kugirango tumenye neza kandi dukomeje kugenzura. Niba inzira ihinduka cyangwa niba hari impamvu yo gukeka kwiyongera murikwerekanwa, Gukurikirana bigomba gusubirwamo.

Amakuru yakusanyirijweGutegura no gusesenguray'izi mbaraga zo mu kirere ni ngombwa. Iramenyesha ibyemezo kubyerekeye igenzura ryinyongera ryubuhanga, impinduka mubikorwa byakazi, cyangwa ubwoko bwubuhumekero busabwa. Kubigo bikemura ibikoresho nkacuUbushyuhe bwinshi, kumenya ko bikomeyeUbwiza bwo mu kirereUbuyobozi buri mumwanya wumukoresha iremeza ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa neza. Aya makuru nayo ni ngombwa mu kwerekana ko yubahirizaOsha'samahame, nkaAbapfumutsa ibipimo ngenderwaho rusange.

Ni ubuhe butumwa niosh nintererano ku makara yamakara?

Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe umutekano w'ubukazi n'ubuzima (Niosh) ugira uruhare runini, rwubushakashatsi rushingiye ku ruhare rwaCoal Tar umutekanonaakaziubuzima. MugiheOshaGushiraho no gushyira mu bikorwa ibipimo bihimbaza byemewe n'amategeko,NioshIbikorwa nkubushakashatsi bwingenziikigo, guha ubumenyi bwa siyansi kuri byinshi muri izo mahame no gutanga ibyifuzo byo gukumira indwara ziterwa nakazi no gukomeretsa. TheIkigoni igice gikomeye cya Minisiteri y'ubuzima muri Amerika na serivisi z'abantu.

NioshUmusanzu werekeyeAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tarShyiramo:

• Ubushakashatsi: Nioshikora kandi ikora ubushakashatsi mu ngaruka z'ubuzima bwaKugaragaza amakara tar tarIhindagurika n'ibindi bintu bishobora guteza akaga. Ubu bushakashatsi bufasha gusobanukirwa umubano-wo gusubiza, menya intege nkeumukoziabaturage, no gusuzuma akantu kanyuranyeimiti.
• Basabwe kumurika (rels):Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru,NioshGutegura Rels, akenshi ukingira kurutaOshaIbisekuru. Ibi byifuzo bishingiye ku isubiramo ryuzuye amakuru yubumenyi nintego yo kurinda abakozi muburyo bukomeye bushoboka. Kuri CTPVS,Niosh'r rel ni munsi yaOsha'Pel, agaragaza uburyo bwo kwitonda kuri karcinogen izwi.
• ITANGAZO RY'INGENZI:TheIkigo cy'igihuguasohoza amakuru menshi, harimo ibipimo ngenderwaho, amakoraniro y'ubutasi ubu, hamwe n'ibisubizo byakazi, gutanga ubuyobozi bufatika kuri hazardindangamuntu, ibyagoIsuzuma, ingamba zo kugenzura, naGutegura no gusesengurauburyoAmakara Tar pitch ihishe.
• Isuzumabumenyi ry'ingaruka z'ubuzima (isuku): NioshIrashobora kwinjiza isuku kubisabwa bisabwe nabakoresha cyangwa abakozi gukora iperereza ku byago bishobora guteza imbere ubuzima, harimo n'abavaGuhura na Coal Tar.

Kubucuruzi nka Mark Thompson, kubimenyaNiosh'Ibyifuzo birashobora kuba ingirakamaro. Nubwo bidateganijwe byemewe n'amategeko, gufataNioshAmabwiriza arashobora guhagararira imyitozo myiza muriumutekano n'ubuzima, birashoboka kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima bwigihe kirekire kubakozi no kugabanya inshingano.Niosh'akazi karafashakugenzura(muburyo bwo gushidikanya) no kunozaUmutekano wakaziIbipimo bidahwema.

Imyitozo myiza yo Gutoranya no gusesengura: kwemeza gupima neza CTPVS muri laboratoire yawe?

Gupima neza kwaAmakara Tar pitch ihishe(CTPVS) BikwiyeGutegura no gusesenguratekinike ni ngombwa kugirango isuzumeumukozi kwerekanwano kugenzura imikorere yo kugenzura ingamba zo kugenzura. Waba uyobora iyi nzu cyangwa ukoresheje hanzelaboratoire, gukurikiza ibikorwa byiza bituma kwizerwa kwamakuru yawe. Ibi birenze imyitozo ya tekiniki; ni imfuruka yaweumutekanogahunda.

Hano hari ibikorwa byiza kuriGutegura no gusesenguraya CTPVS:

1. Koresha uburyo bwemewe:Gukoresha uburyo busanzwe kandi bwemewe, nkayateye imbere naNioshcyangwaOsha. Kuri CTPVS, ibi akenshi gukusanya ibintu biranga kumurongo hanyuma usesengure kuri bejezene-gusohoraPahs.
2. Ibikoresho bikwiye kalibrasi:Menya neza ibikoresho byose byateganijwe (pompe, lift) birahagarikwa neza mbere na nyuma ya buriicyitegererezoicyegeranyo. Ibipimo bidahwitse birashobora kuganisha kumakosa akomeye mu kirere cyabazwekwibandas.
3. Uhagarariye icyitegererezo:Theicyitegererezoigomba kwerekana nezaumukozi'nyirizinakwerekanwacyangwa imiterere mukarere runaka. Ibi bivuze gusuzuma igihe cyo kwipimisha, aho icyitegererezo cyateganijwe (urugero, muri zone yo guhumeka neza kubera ingero z'umuntu ku giti cye), kandi imirimo yihariye irakorwa.
4. Ingero zuzuye:Shyiramo umurima ubusa nibitangazamakuru byerekanwe hamwe na buri cyiciro cyicyitegererezo cyoherejwe kurilaboratoire. Ibikoresho byo mu murima byakemuwe nk'icyitegererezo nyacyo ariko nta mwuka unyuzwe binyuze muri bo, ufashe kumenya icyaricyo cyosekwanduzamugihe cyo gukora cyangwa kohereza. Itangazamakuru ribitangaza ni muyunguruzi.
5. Urunigi rw'uburoko:Komeza urunigi rukwiye rwo kurera ingero zose zivalaboratoireIsesengura. Iyi nyandiko ikurikirana uburyo bwo gutwaraicyitegererezokandi ikemeza ubunyangamugayo.
6. Laboratoire yemewe:Koresha impande zombilaboratoireKubisesengura, nibyiza kimwe hamwe nubunararibonye mugusesengura CTPV cyangwaHydrocarbone. Kwemererwa (urugero, n'ishyirahamwe ry'isuku ry'Abanyamerika - Aiha) yerekana ko Uwitekalaboratoireahura n'ibipimo ngenderwaho.
7. Gusobanura ibisubizo:Ibisubizo bigomba gusobanurwa nimbuto zujuje ubuziranenge cyangwaumutekanoabanyamwuga bumva uburyo bukoreshwa, imbogamizi yamakuru, nubushoboziakazi imipaka yo kwerekana.

Mugukurikiza ibi bikorwa byiza, ibigo birashobora kugira ibyiringiro byinshi muribokwerekanwa Isuzumaamakuru. Ibi bituma ibyemezo byinshi bimenyeshejwe bijyanye ningamba zo kugenzura kandi zifasha kwemeza ubuzima bwizaAKAZI. Kubashinzwe amasoko nka Mark, gusobanukirwa ko abakoresha imperuka bashobora kuba bakora ibisobanuro birambuyeGutegura no gusesenguraYerekana akamaro k'ikiremwamuntu buhoraho hamwe namakuru asobanutse kubatanga nkatwe.

Kuva muruganda rwacu kuriwe: kwemeza ubuziranenge n'umutekano mubicuruzwa bya coal

Nka Allen, nyiri uruganda mubushinwaAmakara ya Tar na Countroleum, ubwitange bwanjye burenze inganda gusa. Twumva ko ibicuruzwa bimezeAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tar, Yamazakiamavuta, nuburyo butandukanye bwacokeni kunegura inyongeramusaruro zivaUmusaruro wa AluminumKuriKubaka umuhanda. Tuzi kandi akamaro gakomeyeumutekano n'ubuzimabifitanye isano nibi bikoresho, cyane cyane bijyanyeAmakara Tar pitch ihishenaakazi kwerekanwa.

Imirongo yacu irindwi yumutwe igamije kubyara ibikoresho byiza. Ibi bivuze kugenzura ubuziranenge kuri buri cyiciro, uhereye kubikoresho fatizo kubicuruzwa byanyuma, byabaUmupiracyangwa asfalt idasanzwe. Dutanga amanota atandukanye yubushyuhe nibicuruzwa byahinduwe kugirango duhure bitandukanyeingandaibikenewe. Kubahiriza amahame mpuzamahanga ntabwo ari agasanduku gusa kuri twe; Nigice cyibanze muri filozofiya yacu. Turabizi ko abakiriya bakunda Mark Thompson ntabwo bashaka ibiciro byo guhatanira; ni ireme ryiza kandi bahangayikishijwe nicyemezo (nkubumenyi bwihuse hamwe nubwumvikane bwibidukikije), ibikoresho, no kwiringirwaUburyo bwo kwishyura.

Duharanira gukemura amanota asanzwe yububabare, nkitumanaho ridakoreshwa ninteruro yukuri, tugaterana gukorera mu mucyo no gutanga inyandiko zuzuye. Mugihe twe, nkabakora, twibande kumiterere yubuziranenge bwimbere kandiumutekanoAmakuru (nka SDS), turashyigikiye kandi abakiriya bacu dutanga amakuru asobanutse afasha kuyoborakwerekanwakandi wubahirizwe n'amabwiriza yabo, nkaOsha'sibisabwa muri Amerika. Twizera ko umukiriya wamenyeshejwe neza ari umukiriya wumutekano, kandi umukiriya wizewe ni umukunzi muremure. Ubunararibonye bwacu bwo korohereza muri Amerika, Amerika ya Ruguru, Uburayi, na Australiya byatwigishije akamaro k'iki nzira mbi kuriumutekano, ubuziranenge, na serivisi zabakiriya. Dufite intego yo kuba utanga isoko gusa; Dufite intego yo kuba umufatanyabikorwa wizewe mu gutsinda kwawe, kureba niba UwitekaAmakara Tar na Coal-tar-tarIbicuruzwa wakiriye gutanga umusanzu neza kandi neza mubikorwa byawe.

Ibyingenzi bifata kwibuka:

• Gusobanukirwa ni urufunguzo: Amakara Tar na Coal-tar-tarnibikoresho bigoye bikomoka kumakara, hamweAmakara Tar pitch ihishe(CTPVS) Kuba IbanzeakaziImpungenge z'ubuzima kuberakwerekanwaingaruka.
• Ingaruka z'ubuzima ni ukuri: KwerekanwaKuri ctpvs, harimobenzenenabandi bapata, barashobora gutera uburakari, gufotora, hamwe ningaruka zikomeye zubuzima bwigihe kirekire nkakanseri y'uruhu, Kanseri y'ibihaha, nauruhagokanseri.
• Amabwiriza afite: OshaShiraho imipaka yo gushyirwaho imipaka ingwaho (Pels), mugiheNioshitanga ubushakashatsi bujyanye n'imipaka isaba (rels) n'ubuyobozi kuriumukozi umutekano. Kubahiriza ni ngombwa.
• Isuzuma ry'ingaruka ni ngombwa:Ibyago bya sisitemuIsuzumaifasha kumenya ingaruka, gusuzuma ingaruka zakwanduza, kandi ushyire mubikorwa ingamba zo kugenzura, kuva igenzura ryubwubatsi kuri fepe, kunozaUbwiza bwo mu kirere.
• Gukurikirana no gusesengura:BisanzweUbwiza bwo mu kireregukurikirana kandi nezalaboratoire Gutegura no gusesenguraya CTPVkwibandani ngombwa mu gucungakwerekanwano kugenzura igenzura ni byiza.
• Umuco uharanira umutekano mu gahato:Genda ubwumvikane gusa. Kurera imbaragaumutekanoUmuco binyuze mumahugurwa yuzuye, kugenzura ubuzima, no gushyikirana kumugaragaro kurinda buriumukozi.
• Utanga umucyo mucyo:Abatanga ibicuruzwa byizewe bagomba gutanga amakuru asobanutse, impapuro zumutekano (SDS), hamwe nabakiriya bafasha mugusobanukirwaumutekano n'ubuzimaIbice byaibintu.