Gusobanukirwa bitumen: Kongera imbaraga zo gusakara no gushiraho pavement

Bitured bitumen byerekana iterambere rikomeye mu ikoranabuhanga rya Asfalt, dutanga imitungo yatemba ugereranije na bitumen gakondo. Byakoreshejwe cyane muri byombiIgisengenapavementGusaba, gutanga ibikurukuramba, guhinduka, naamaziubushobozi. Iyi ngingo isimbuka mwisi yaHindura bitumen, Koresha icyo aricyo, uko gitandukanye mubuzima busanzweasfalt, Uruhare rwapolymerGuhindura, ibyifuzo byayo byingenzi, hamwe ninyungu zifatika bizana, cyane cyane kubisaba imishinga muriKubaka umuhandanaIgisenge cy'Ubucuruzi. Gusobanukirwaitandukaniro hagati ya bitumen kandi yarahinduweBitumen ni ngombwa mu gufata ibyemezo byuzuye kubikoresho, kwemeza imikorere yigihe kirekire hamwe nibiciro. Waba ufite uruhare mubikorwa remezo bikomeye cyangwa birinda umutungo wubakayahinduwe biturumen igisenge, iki gitabo gitanga ubushishozi bwingenzi muburyo bwo gukora.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa bitumen kandi bukoreshwa muburyo gakondo?

Bitumen, kenshibivugwa nka asfaltMu turere tumwe na tumwe nka Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, ni ikintu cyirabura, gifatanye, gifite imbaraga nyinshi zisanzwe zibaho cyangwa ngo zisibwe nkibisigisigi byo gutandukana na peteroli.Bitumen ni imvange igoyeya hydrocarbone. Gakondo,bitumen bikunze kugaragaraikoreshwa nka bunder murikaburimbo ya asfaltkandi nka aamaziumukozi muriIgisengePorogaramu. UmusanzuAmazi meza kandi afite amazi mezaKora bikwiranye no guhuza amakuru hamwe kugirango habeho kumuhanda uramba kandi mugukora inzitizi zamazi hejuru yinzu.

Ubujurire bwibanze busanzwebitumen yakoreshejweMuri iyi porogaramu zabaye igiciro cyacyo no kuboneka.Bitumen ikoreshwacyaneKubaka umuhanda no kubungabungaku isi hose. Umuhandayahawe na bitumentanga hejuru ugereranije kandi byoroshye. Mu gisenge,bitumen cyaneagaciro kubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora ibitagiramo ibice,amaziIbice, akenshi bikoreshwa muri firime nyinshi cyangwa nkigice cyubatswe-hejuru (bur) sisitemu. Ariko, bisanzwebitumen GicurasiKugira imbogamizi, cyane cyane kubikorwa byayo munsi yubushyuhe bukabije nubushyuhe buremereye. Niirashobora guhindukakuvunika mugihe cyubukonje kandikoroshyabirenzeubushyuhe bwo hejuru, biganisha ku gucapa, guterana amagambo, cyangwa kuringaniza mugihe runaka.

Gusobanukirwa Shingiroimitungo ya bitumenni urufunguzo. Imikorere yayo irangwa nibintu nkicyiciro cyinjira (byerekana Uwitekagukomera cyangwa kwiyoroshya kwa bitumen), softening point, na wigihogo. Mugihe akamaro kubintu byinshi bisanzwe, hakenewe imikorere yongerewe, igihe kirekireUbuzima bwa serivisi, kandi kurwanya cyane imihangayiko y'ibidukikije yashizwemo inzira yo guhindura. Imbogamizi zidasanzwe zidasubirwahobitumenkumurika mugusaba ibihe, guharanira iterambere ryamashusho ameze nkaPolymer yahinduye bitumen. Gakondobitumen iratangaUrufatiro rukomeye, arikoHindura bitumenyubakira cyane.

None, niki gituma bitumen bahinduwe zitandukanye?

Intangiriroitandukaniro hagati ya bitumen kandi yarahinduwebitumen iri mubyongeyeho byihariyeimpinduka, mubisanzwe polymers, kuruhandeasfalt. Iyi nzira, izwi nkaBitumen, hindura mu buryo uhindura imitungo yumubiri nu miti yibikoresho byumwimerere. Iyo tweHindura bitumen, mubyukuri turatangaje kugirango tuneshe intege nke zisanzwe zo bisanzweasfalt, gukora binder yo hejuru kugirango usabe ibyifuzo nkayahinduwe biturumen igisengen'imodoka nyinshipavement.

Ongeraho apolymercyangwa izindimodifierkuzamura ibintu byinshi byingenzi.Hindura bitumenMubisanzwe byerekana uburyo bwiza, kurwanya ubumuga buhoraho (butting) kuriubushyuhe bwo hejuru, yongere guhinduka no kugabanuka gukata kuriUbushyuhe buke, kongera ubuzima bwananiranye, kandi nibyizaAmazihagati ya bunder na toggretret. Thepolymerumuyoboro washyizweho muriasfaltMatrix ifasha ibintu birambuye kandi ukire, bigatuma byoroshye ibyangiritse-bitesha agaciro kuva mumodoka cyangwa amagare yo gusiganwa ku maguru kuri aigisenge.

Tekereza ko nko kongeramo ibintu byihariye kugirango ukoreshe ibiryo byanyuma. TweHindura bitumenkuzamura ibahasha yacyo. Ibi bivuzePolymer yahinduye bitumenirashoborakwihanganiraUbwinshi bwagutse nubushyuhe bugereranije na mugenzi wawe utagira ikibazo. Ibi byazamutsekurambaGuhindura mu buryo butaziguye imihanda miremire nibisenge, amaherezo bigabanukakubungabunga no gusanaibiciro hejuru yaUbuzima bwa serivisiy'imiterere. Intego ni KuriHindura bitumenmuburyo bwo kubihindura kubijyanye no gukoresha, haba mumihanda ihuze cyangwa ubucuruzi bwifashe nezaigisenge. TheGukoresha Byahinduwebitumen yamaze kugaragara kubera izi nyuzi zifatika.

Kuki guhindura polymer byingenzi kubisabwa bya bitumen bigezweho?

Guhindura Polymerntabwo ari ugukora gusabitumenbyiza cyane; Akenshi ni ngombwa mu kuzuza ibyifuzo byibikorwa remezo bigezweho no kubaka. Nkuko Umubizi wiyongera, imitwaro ya axle iraremereye, kandi ikirere kikabije, gisanzweasfaltUrugamba rwo guhangana. IbikeneweHindura bitumenibiti bivuye kubisabwa kubikoresho bitanga inyungu zishimishije kandikuramba. Polymer yahinduye bitumen (PMB)akemura neza ibyo bibazo.

Intangiriro ya polymers yongera cyane imitungo ya vinoelastique yabitumen. Ibi bivuzeasfaltIrashobora kwitwara neza nkibintu bikomeye kubushyuhe bwa serivisi ndende, kurwanya gutemba no gutahura, mugihe uguma impinduka zihagije ahantu hahagije kugirango wirinde gucika intege. Iyi yateye imbereKurwanya Guhindurani ngombwa igihe kirekirepavementubuso. Kimwe, kuriyahinduwe biturumen igisenge, imbaraga zongerewe kandi zikomeye zitangwa naGuhindura PolymerEmereraibikoresho byo gusakaraKuri Gukira neza Inyubako Yubaka kandikwihanganiraIkirere kibijwe, harimoImvura nyinshina UV iragaragara, iremeza ko isumbaamaziUbunyangamugayo igihe kirekireUbuzima bwa serivisi.

Byongeye kandi,Polymer yahinduye bitumenbikunze kwerekana ibirenzekumenekaimico. Ibi byazamutseAmaziitezimbere ingwate hagati ya binder na togregate murikaburimbo ya asfalt, kugabanya amahirwe yo kwiyambura (aho binder itandukanya no gukusanya, akenshi bitewe nubushuhe). InIgisenge, byizaAmaziHakaho komeza ko bifunze neza kandi membrane ikomeje kwinjiza substrate. Ahanini, icyemezo kuriKoresha BitumenIbyo byahinduwe hamwe na polymers nishoramari ingamba mubikorwa, kuramba, kandi bigabanya ibiciro byubuzima kubera kuneguraigisengenaKubaka umuhandaimishinga. Theimikorere yahinduweBitumen isobanura ikiguzi kinini cyibintu byambere. Dukunze gutangaUbushyuhe bwinshiNi izihe nyungu zikomeye muri izi nyandiko.

Ni ubuhe bwoko busanzwe bwa mpindwa bukoreshwa muri polymer yahinduye bitumen?

BitandukanyeUbwoko bwahinduwebitumen irahari, mbere na mbere yasobanuwe naUbwoko bwa bitumen modifierByakoreshejwe. Mugihe ibikoresho byinshi bishobora kubakuvanga na bitumen kugirango iteze imbereimitungo yayo, polymers ni rusange kandi ikora nezaimpinduka. Ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi bya PolymersByakoreshejwe cyaneKuriHindura bitumenni elastomemers na platomers.

1. Elastomers (SBS - Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene):

   • Sbsni reberi ya thermoplastique itanga ingirakamaroelastiqueKuribitumen.
   • RyariSbsiratatatanye neza muriasfalt, ikora umuyoboro uhoraho wa polymer, utangaHindura bitumenibintu byiza byo kugarura. Irashobora kurambura munsi yumutwaro no gusubira muburyo bwayo.
   • SBS yahinduye bitumenbifite agaciro cyane kuburyo byoroshye kuriUbushyuhe bukeno kurwanya umunaniro, bigatuma bireba ahantu hafite imidugararo ikomeye hamwe nimodoka iremereyeKubaka umuhanda, kimwe no murwego rwohejuruyahinduwe biturumen igisengemembrane. Yongereweelastiqueifashaigisengeyakira imigendekere.

2. Plastomers (App - atactique polypropylene):

   • Porogaramu ni thermoplastiquepolymeribyo byongera ubukana kandiKurwanya Guhindurayabitumen, cyane cyane kuriubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
   • Porogaramuyahinduwe bitumenUkunda kugira aho uhuha cyane kandi utanga uv yo kurwanya UV nziza kandi iramba.
   • Birakoreshwa muriyahinduwe biturumen igisengemembranes, cyane cyane ikoreshwa ukoresheje uburyo bwo kwivuza, nkuko porogaramu ifashabitumen tombukaNibyiza iyo ashyushye. Mugihe gito cyane kurutaSbsyahinduwe bitumen, porogaramu itanga ubutori budasanzwe no kurwanya ikirereSisitemu yo hejuru.

BirenzeSbsna porogaramu, izindiimpindukaIrashobora gukoreshwa, rimwe na rimwe mu guhuza, harimo:

• Rubber yahinduwe bitumen (CRMB):Ikoresha ipine ya recycled kuriHindura bitumen, Gutanga inyungu zishingiye ku bidukikije hamwe n'imikorere yo gukora nk'iterambere rya RUT yo kurwanya no kunanirwa ubuzima. Ubu ni ahantu hakura harambyeKubaka umuhanda.
• Evylene Vinyl Acetate (Eva):Indi plastomericpolymerikoreshwa mu kuzamura imikorere yubushyuhe bwinshi.
• Asfalt Kamere:Ibikoresho nka Gilson cyangwa Trinidad Laketi Asfalt nayo irashobora gukoreshwaHindura bitumen, guhindura imitungo yayo.

GuhitamomodifierBiterwa cyane no gusaba (Igisengenapavement), ibisabwa byihariye bisabwa (urugero, ikirere, umutwaro wumuhanda), nibitekerezo bya sof. Burimodifieritanga ibiranga bidasanzwe, bitwemerera kudoda theHindura bitumenGuhura nezaibisobanuroibikenewe.

Nigute Bihinduka Bitumen Igisenge cyoroshye Kurinda Urugo?

Yahinduwe biturumen igisengesisitemu igereranya kuzamura cyane hejuru ya asfaltigisengeIgipfukisho, gitanga uburinzi buhebuje no kuramba ku nyubako z'ubucuruzi n'inganda. Urufunguzo ruri mu buryo bwongereweHindura bitumenubwayo, ikora ingingoamazielement yaibikoresho byo gusakara. Mugushira polymers nkaSbscyangwa porogaramu,yahinduwe biturumen igisengemembrane zinguka guhinduka, imbaraga, no kuguruka birenze kureasfalt.

Imwe mu nyungu zibanze zizamurwaUbushobozi bw'amazi. ThePolymer yahinduye bitumenKurema gukomera, bidafite imbaraga, kandi birwanya amazi menshimembrane. Ibiitara nzizani ngombwa kubisenge byoroheje cyangwa bihamye-bihamye byibasirwa namazi meza. YongereweelastiqueyaSBS yahinduye bitumen igisenge, kurugero, yemerera UwitekaigisengeKurambura no kwandura no guterana hamwe no kubaka ubushyuhe no guhinduka ubushyuhe nta gucikamo cyangwa gucamo ibice, gukomeza ubunyangamugayo bwayo. Porogaramuyahinduwe biturumen igisenge, mugihe gito, itanga ubukana budasanzwe no kurwanya gucukura no gutesha agaciro uv, gutanga birambaamaziKurinda.

Byongeye kandi,yahinduwe biturumen igisengeSisitemu zizwi ku mbaraga zabo kandikuramba. Mubisanzwe bakorerwa nkimpapuro zakozwe uruganda cyangwa imizingo, haza neza ubuziranenge nubunini. Ibi bikunze bikunze kwinjizamo manda zo gushimangira amakuru (urugero, polyester cyangwa fiberglass), bikaba bifitanye isano no gukomeraHindura bitumen gutwikira, ibisubizo muri aibikoresho byo gusakaraibyo birashobokakwihanganiratraffic traffic, gukomeretsa, nibindi bishimangira umubiri. Ubu bufatanye busobanura igihe kirekireUbuzima bwa serivisinaKugabanya ibyo ukeneye ugereranije na bitumen gakondoIbisenge, Gutanga Ba nyiri Inyubako ifite agaciro keza cyane n'amahoro yo mumutima. TheIbintu byiza bidasanzweguhuzwa hamwekurambakorayahinduwe biturumen igisengeguhitamo guhitamo kwizerwaSisitemu yo hejuru.

Ni izihe ngingo z'ingenzi zishingiye kuri bitumen zahinduwe?

Byahinduwe biturumen igisengemubisanzwe inteko nyinshi zakozwe kugirango zitange imbaragaamazinakuramba. Mugihe gutandukana bibaho bitewe nuburyo bwihariyeibisobanuronuburyo bwo gusaba (urugero, torch-ikoreshwa, ishyushye, gukonjeshakumeneka, wenyine), ibice byingenzi birimo:

1. Gutandukanya:Urufatiro rw'imiterere rwaigisenge(urugero, ibiti, icyuma, beto) kuriSisitemu yo gusakarayashyizweho.
2. INGINGO:Itanga ubushyuhe bwumuriro, kuzamura imbaraga zubwinyuba. Ubusanzwe yashizwe hejuru.
3. Inzitizi y'umwuka (Bihitamo):Ikoreshwa mubiciro bimwe cyangwa ubwoko bwubaka kugirango wirinde umwuka wubushuhe kuva kugera kubisuhuza cyangwa munsi yaigisengemembrane.
4. Urupapuro ruse:Igice kimwe cyangwa byinshi cyahawe substrate (insulation cyangwa igorofa). Theurupapuro ruseitanga urufatiro rwo urupapuro rwagaciro kandi rugira uruhare muri rusangeamazin'imbaraga. Irashobora gufatirwa imashini, ikurikizaashyushye asfaltcyangwa imbehokumeneka, cyangwa wenyine. Bimweurupapuro ruseUbwoko bwashizwemo hamweHindura bitumen.
5. Yahinduwe bitumen membrane (urupapuro):Iyi niyo mabwaamaziurwego hamwe nibice bikurikirana bya sisitemu. Igizwe naPolymer yahinduye bitumen(SBS cyangwa porogaramu) gushimangirwa na polyester cyangwa fiberglass. Ubuso bwo hejuru akenshi butwikiriwe na granules (kuri UV kurinda na aesthetics), file, cyangwa byoroshyegutwikira. Ibimembraneikoreshwa hejuru yaurupapuro ruse, hamwe na kashe yakusanyirijwe hamwe kandi bifunze gukoresha ubushyuhe (torching),ashyushye asfalt, imbehokumeneka, cyangwa ikoranabuhanga ryo kwiyuhagira. Uru rugandaAmabati ya bitumenKugenzura ubuziranenge.
6. Kugaragara:Irinda UwitekaHindura bitumenMembrane wo muri UV Imirasire nikirere, biteza imbere kurwanya umuriro, kandi birashobora gutanga ubwibone bwifuzwa. Impanuka zisanzwe zirimo granules ya minerval zashyizwe mu rupapuro mugihe cyo gukora, murima-ikoreshwa muburyo bwo kwerekana amabere (bishoboraMugabanye kwinjiza ubushyuhe), cyangwa gucogora.

Ibi bice bikorana hamwe no gukora iramba, kurambaSisitemu yo hejuru. Ubwiza bwaHindura bitumen membraneubwayo ni ingenzi, ariko kwishyiriraho neza no guhuza ibice byose bifite akamaro kanini mugushikira imikorere myiza no kugwiza theUbuzima bwa serivisiyaigisenge. Sisitemu yo uburyo butuma ibice byinshi byo kurinda no gukomeraamazi meza kandi afatika.

Irashobora kwahinduwe bitumen kandi itezimbere kubaka umuhanda no kuramba mu muhanda?

Rwose. Mugihe akenshi bifitanye isanoIgisenge, Hindura bitumenbigira uruhare runini muri iki giheKubaka umuhanda, kuzamura cyanekuramban'imikorere yakaburimbo ya asfalt. Amahame amwe arakurikizwa: Ongeraho Polymers cyangwa Ibindiimpindukaitezimberebitumenubushobozi bwokwihanganiraImihangayiko yatanzwe nimodoka nyinshi kandi itandukanye nibidukikije. TheKoresha bitumen yahinduwe mumuhandaPorogaramu ikemura ibisanzwepavementgutsindwa.

Polymer yahinduye bitumenguhuza biganisha kuriasfaltimvange hamweKurwanya Guhindura, cyane cyane ingendo ziterwa numutwaro uremereye muriubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Yongereweelastiqueyatanzwe naimpindukankaSbsifashapavementFlex munsi yumutwaro no gukira, kugabanya umunaniro gucikamo akenshi bibaho munsi yimihangayiko isubirwamo. Byongeye kandi,Hindura bitumenitezimbere guhinduka kuriUbushyuhe buke, gukorapavementgake ugereranije no guswera mu bushyuhe mugihe gikonje. Iyi mikorere yagutse ikoraHindura bitumenIbyingenzi mumihanda minini, ibibuga byindege, hamwe numuhanda wo mumijyi ugurishwa cyane aho ibyifuzo byimikorere ari byinshi.

IterambereAmaziibirangaHindura bitumennanone gutanga umusanzupavementkuramba. Ubumwe bukomeye hagati yaasfaltBinder hamwe nigice giteranya gituma kuvanga cyane kwangiza ibintu byubushuhe (kwiyambura), impamvu isanzwe yo guhera imburagihepavementkwangirika. Mugutandukanya inyota, gucika, no kwambura,kaburimbo ya asfaltyubatswe hamweHindura bitumenitanga igihe kirekireUbuzima bwa serivisikandi bisaba kenshikubungabunga no gusana. Nubwo igiciro cyambere gishobora kuba kiri hejuru kurenzabitumen, kuzigama ubuzima bitwara uko byakomotse kubera kwiyongerakurambanaKugabanya ibyo ukeneyekoraHindura bitumenGuhitamo neza kuneguraKubaka umuhandaimishinga. Ibikoresho nkacuUbushyuhe bwo Hagati Asfaltirashobora gushyirwaho muri ibi byongerera imbere.

Ese rubber yahinduwe bitumen amahitamo arambye?

Yego,Rubber yahinduwe bitumen (CRMB)iramenyekana nkaho ari amahitamo arambye mubice byaHindura bitumenikoranabuhanga, cyane cyaneKubaka umuhanda. IbiUbwoko bwa bitumenKoresha reberi ya reberi nziza yabonetse kumapine ya SCRAP nka amodifierkuriasfaltbinder. Kuranura kwayo biva mubice bibiri byingenzi: Kugabanya imyanda no kuzamura imikorere.

Icya mbere,Rubber yahinduwe bitumenItanga imenyekanisha ryingenzi kumapine yuzuye-ubuzima, bikaba ikibazo gikomeye kwisi yose. Gushiramo reberi ya crumbasfaltDivets miliyoni z'amapine kuva ku mpande cyangwa ububiko, utezimbere ubukungu bwubukungu. Gukoresha ibi bikoresho byatunganijwe bigabanya kwishingikiriza kubikoresho byisugi (byombiGuhindura Polymerkandi birashobokabitumen) bisabwa kugirango ugere kumikorere yifuza muripavement. Iyi ngingo ihuza neza hamwe n'amabwiriza y'ibidukikije n'ibikorwa byibanda ku myanda yo gutunganya imyanda no kubungabunga umutungo.

Icya kabiri,Rubber yahinduwe bitumenakenshi itanga inyungu zifatika. Ibice bya Rubberreba kuri bitumenibice ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru mugihe cyo gukora, kuzamura inzira ya Bander, guhinduka kuriUbushyuhe buke, naKurwanya Guhindura(Gutobora) no kunanirwa. Umuhandayahawe na bitumenyahinduwe na rubber ya crumb irashobora kwerekana uburyo bwo kurwanya skid irwanya kandi igabanuka urusaku rwumuhandaugereranije na bitumen gakondopavements. Mugihe imikorere yihariye irashobora gutandukana ukurikije ubwoko bwa rubber, ingano yinshi, nuburyo buvanze,CMBakenshi bitanga imbaragakurambakandi birashobokaUbuzima bwa serivisi, kugira uruhare mu kuramba nakugabanya ibikenewekuri kenshikubungabunga no gusanano kwiyubaka. Mugihe tekinoroji yiterambere,Rubber yahinduwe bitumenEse kuba inzira ifatika kandi ishimishijeHindura bitumenkuri PrenerKubaka umuhanda.

Ni izihe nyungu ndende n'ubuzima bwo gukoresha bitumen?

Icyemezo kuriHindura bitumenHamwe na polymers cyangwa abandi bakozi bihindura inyungu zigoye ndende, mbere na mbere zishingiye hafi yongerewekurambano kwagurwaUbuzima bwa serivisikuri byombiIgisengenapavementPorogaramu. Izi nyungu amaherezo ziganisha ku miterere myiza yubuzima-uko bikora nezaugereranije na bitumen gakondo.

• Ubuzima bwagutse bwa serivisi:Ibi birashoboka cyane.Yahinduwe biturumen igisengesisitemu irashobora imyaka 20-30 ishize cyangwa ikarenza no kwishyiriraho no gufata neza, kubungaza cyane cyaneigisengeUbwoko. Mu buryo nk'ubwo,kaburimbo ya asfaltGukoreshaHindura bitumenirashobora kwerekana igihe kirekire cyane ubuzima bwa mbere busaba gusana bisanzwe, birashobokaUbuzima bwa serivisina 50% cyangwa byinshi mubisabwa. Kurwanya gukuru gucika mu bushyuhe, guterana, umunaniro, n'ikirere bisobanura ibikoresho bimaze igihe kirekire.
• Kugabanya ibikenewe byo kubungabunga:KukoHindura bitumenni ukwihanganira cyane uburyo buhuriweho numubabaro, inshuro nuburyokubungabunga no gusanabakunze kugabanuka. KuriIbisenge, ibi bivuze gusana bike byo gusana no gutondeka. Kumihanda, isobanura gukandagura gato no gutondekanya ibinogo. Ibi ntabwo bikiza amafaranga yo gusana gusa ahubwo nanone kugabanya guhungabana hamwe nibikorwa byo kubungabunga (urugero, gutinda kwa traffic, kubaka ibibazo byo kubona).
• Imikorere myiza mubihe bikabije: Hindura bitumenikomeza imitungo yifuzwa hejuru yubushyuhe bwagutse. NtabwokoroshyaNka byinshi mubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa guhinduka nkibintu bikonje bikabije. Ibi bituma bikwiranye no kuvuza ubushyuhe bukomeye kandi buremeza imikorere yizewe, yaba aigisengekwihanganira izuba ryizuba nimbeho cyangwa apavementmunsi y'imodoka nyinshi. Ubushobozi bwokwihanganiraIzi ntagondwa ni urufunguzo rwo kuramba.
• Umutekano wazamutse:Kuri kaburimbo, kunoza RUT yo kurwanya no kurwanya skid nziza kurushaho ingaruka kumutekano wumuhanda. KuriIbisenge, yongerewekurambanaamazitanga uburinzi bwiza kubatuye.
• Ibyiza kugaruka ku ishoramari:Mugihe ikiguzi cyambere kuriHindura bitumenkandi uyikoreshe mubwubatsi birashobora kuba hejuru kuruta gukoreshabitumen, yagutseUbuzima bwa serivisinaKugabanya ibyo ukeneyeMubisanzwe bivamo amafaranga make muri rusange, gutanga ishoramari ryiza rirerire. TheUbuzima bwa bitumenPorogaramu itanga agaciro gafatika.

Muri rusange, guhitamoKoresha BitumenIbyo byahinduwe nishoramari mukwihangana no kuramba, kwishyura inyungu binyuze mu kugabanya umutekano no kubaho kuruta ubuzima bukora.

Nigute dushobora kwemeza ko twujuje ubuziranenge no kwerekana amakuru ya bitumen yahinduwe?

Nkumutungo ufite imirongo 7 yumusaruro irose mubicuruzwa nkaAmakara Tar PlakesKandi amanota atandukanye ya asfalt, yemeza ubuziranenge buhamye kandi bukomeye kuriibisobanuroIbisabwa kuriHindura bitumenni igihe kinini. Kubakiriya nka Mark Thompson, ushyira imbere ubuziranenge ku giciro cyo guhatanira, kugenzura ubuziranenge ntibushobora kuganirwaho. Inzira yacu ikubiyemo cheque nyinshi hamwe nibiringaniza.

Bitangirana no guhitamo ibikoresho fatije. Ishingirobitumenigomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa byihariye mbere yuko yinjiza inzira yo guhindura. Thepolymercyangwa izindimodifier (Sbs, Porogaramu, reberi ya crumbure, nibindi) igomba kandi guhuza amahame yagenwe yerekeye ibihimbano hamwe numutungo. Turakomeza umubano ukomeye nabatanga ibitekerezo byacu kandi dukora igenzura ryibikoresho. Mu gihe cyabyahinduwe bitumenInzira ubwayo, ibipimo nkurugero rwo kuvanga ubushyuhe, kuvanga igihe, hamwe nigipimo cyo gusiganwa kugenzurwa ukoresheje sisitemu yikora kandi igakurikiranwa nabatekinisiye b'inararibonye. Ibi byemeza gutatanya nezamodifiermuribitumen, niki gikomeye cyo kugera ku kuzamura byifuzwa mumiterere nkaelastique, Kurwanya Guhindura, naAmazi.

Ingano nziza, igipimo gikomeye gikorwa kumukino wanyumaHindura bitumenibicuruzwa. Ingero zisanzwe zakuwe mu bice byinshi kandi bikorerwa bateri y'ibizamini bya laboratoire. Ibi bigeragezo bigenzura ibipimo byingenzi byingenzi nkuko bigaragara mubuziranenge mpuzamahanga cyangwa umukiriya-byihariye (urugero, ASTM, en ibisobanuro). Ibizamini mubisanzwe birimo:

• Poftening Point
• Kwinjira
• Gukira neza (cyane cyane kuriSbsByahinduwe bitumen)
• Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) (Kuranga Imyitwarire ya Viscoelastic yubushyuhe butandukanye)
• Kunama beam Rheometer (BBR) kwipimisha (ku bushyuhe-bushyuhe)
• Guhagarika umutima
• Ububiko bwo kubika (kwemezapolymerGuma Gutatana)

Mugukomeza sisitemu yuzuye yimikorere (guhuza n'amahame ya ISO) no gushora imari mu bikoresho byo gupima imiterere, dushobora kwemeza twizeye ko ibyacuHindura bitumenIbicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwaibisobanuron'inzego z'imikorere, kwemeza kwizerwa kugirango dusabe ibyifuzo nkayahinduwe biturumen igisengen'imikorere miremirepavement. Uku buryo bukomeye bufasha gukumira ibibazo nkicyemezo cyo gutondekanya ikimenyetso gihangayikishije kandi cyemeza Uwitekaimikorere yahinduwebitumen yujuje ibyifuzo.

Guhitamo neza: Ibitekerezo byingenzi byo guhitamo bitumen

Guhitamo bikwiyeHindura bitumenIbicuruzwa bisaba gusuzuma neza ibintu byinshi, byemeza ko ibikoresho byatoranijwe neza hamwe nibikenewe byumushinga nibidukikije. Kubijyanye no gutanga amasoko nka Mark Thompson, kuringaniza ireme, ikiguzi, na porogaramu ikwiranye ni urufunguzo. Hano haribitekerezo bimwe byibanze:

1. Gusaba:NiHindura bitumenigeneweIgisengecyangwapavement? Ibisabwa byose biratandukanye cyane.Yahinduwe biturumen igisengeakenshi ushyira imbereamazi, guhinduka, na UV irwanya UV, mugihepavementPorogaramu Yibanze kuriKurwanya Guhindura.
2. Ubwoko bwa modifier:Guhitamo hagatiSbsna porogaramu (cyangwa izindiimpindukaKimwe na reberi ya crumb) ni ingenzi.
   • SBS yahinduye bitumenitanga ibirenzeelastiqueKandi ubushyuhe-buke buhinduka, bwiza kubice bifite ubushyuhe bunini cyangwa aho bihutirwa (urugero, ibiraro, bimweSisitemu yo hejuru).
   • Porogaramuyahinduwe bitumenitanga ubushyuhe buhebuje-ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, gukomera, no kurwanya UV, akenshi bashyigikiraga kuri Torch-ikoreshwaIgisengemembrane.
   • Rubber yahinduwe bitumenitanga uburinganire bwimitungo hamwe ninyungu zishingiye ku bidukikije, cyane cyaneKubaka umuhanda.
3. Imiterere y'ikirere:Ubushyuhe bwiganje (hejuru kandi buke) hamwe nimvura igira ingaruka zikomeyeUbwoko bwa bitumen. Ibikoresho bigomba gutoranywa kurikwihanganiraikirere cyihariye cyaho nta gutsindwa imburagihe. Kurugero, akarere hamwe nubukonje bukonje cyane busaba binder hamwe nubushyuhe buke-buke buhinduka (bakunze gutoneshwaSbs).
4. Gutwara traffic (kuri pavement):KuriKubaka umuhanda, amajwi nuburemere bwimodoka ni ngombwa. Imitwaro iremereye isaba guhuza hamwe no gukomera cyane kandi byizaKurwanya Guhindurakuriubushyuhe bwo hejuru.
5. Uburyo bwo Kwishyiriraho:KuriIgisenge, uburyo bwagenewe gusaba (Torch, Ashyushye-mope, imbehokumeneka, kwiha agaciro) birashobora guhindura amahitamoHindura bitumenmembrane. Ibicuruzwa bimwe byagenewe muburyo bumwe.
6. Kumenya neza:Menya neza ko ibicuruzwa bihura nubuziranenge bwibibazo (ASTM, Aashto, en) cyangwa ibisabwa byihariye. Gusaba ibyemezo hamwe na raporo zigerageza ni ngombwa. Nkumutanga, twumva akamaro k'inyandiko zitwara imbonerara.
7. Utanga isoko n'inzobere:Gufatanya nubushobozi butanga ubufasha bwa tekiniki kandi bufite amateka yagaragaye yimiterere ni ngombwa. Itumanaho rikora kandi ryizewe, rikemura ibibazo byububabare bwa Mariko, ni bimwe mubisobanuro byagaciro.

Mugusuzuma witonze ibyo bintu, abaguzi barashobora guhitamo icyizere cyizaHindura bitumenIbicuruzwa, guharanira imikorere yigihe kirekire,kuramba, nagaciro gashora imari yaboIgisengecyangwapavementIbikorwa Remezo. TheInyungu za BitumenGuhindura nibyiza kuboneka mugihe ibicuruzwa byiza byatoranijwe kumurimo.

Umwanzuro & Gufata

Yahinduwe bitumenbyerekana iterambere rikomeye kubera ibisanzweasfalt, Gutanga ibisubizo bifitanye isano yo gusabaIgisengenapavementPorogaramu. MugukapolymersnkaSbsna porogaramu, cyangwa izindiimpindukanka reberi ya crumb, turashobora injeniyeribitumenKugira ngo utange imikorere yo hejuru y'ibikorwa remezo bigezweho no kurinda kubaka.

Hano hari ibintu byingenzi byo kwibuka:

• Guhindura Imikorere:Intego yibanze yo kuremaHindura bitumenni ukunoza ibyayokuramba, guhinduka mu bushyuhe,Kurwanya Guhindura, amazi, kandi muri rusangeUbuzima bwa serivisi.
• Ahinduranya: Sbs(Elastomer) itangaelastiqueKandi ubushyuhe buke bwo guhinduka, mugihe porogaramu (Plastomer) itanga uburemere nubushyuhe bwinshi.Rubber yahinduwe bitumenitanga inyungu zimikorere ninyungu zirambye.
• Inyungu zo Gusarura: Yahinduwe biturumen igisengeitanga ubugari, burambyeamaziKurinda ibisenge bigororotse kandi bihamye-bihamye, bikabakurambano kurwanya ikirere.
• Inyungu ya Pavement:InKubaka umuhanda, Hindura bitumenKugabanya cyane inkweto, umunaniro, no guswera mu bushyuhe, biganisha kuteka, burambyekaburimbo ya asfalt.
• Gusaba ni urufunguzo:GuhitamoHindura bitumenBiterwa cyane no gukoresha (igisengeImihanda), ikirere, imitwaro yo mu muhanda, hamwe nuburyo bwo kwishyiriraho.
• Ibyiringiro Byiza:Gufatanya nabakorabikorwa bizewe bakurikiza kugenzura ubuziranenge kandiibisobanuroIbipimo ni ngombwa kugirango intebe iteganijwe gukora no kuramba.
• Agaciro keza:Mugihe ushobora kugira igiciro kinini cyambere,Hindura bitumenmubisanzwe itanga ibiciro byubuzima bwo hasi kubera igihe cyagutseUbuzima bwa serivisinaKugabanya ibyo ukeneye.

Gusobanukirwa imiterere, Inyungu, na Porogaramu yaUbwoko butandukanyeyaHindura bitumenImbaraga Abashakashatsi, abubatsi, hamwe numwuga wo gutanga amasoko nka Mark Thompson kugirango bafate ibyemezo byuzuye, biganisha ku bikorwa remezo byo kwihangana, kuramba, kandi bitanga isoko ninyubako. Nkuruganda rweguriwe amakara menshi yamakara nibicuruzwa bya asfalt, tubona ubwanjye agaciro kaniniHindura bitumenAzana abakiriya bacu kwisi yose.