Kumvetsetsa kwa Asphalt, Phula, ndi Tar: Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi ntchito munjira yamakono

Tikamalankhula za kumanga misewu kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale ofunikira ogwiritsira ntchito bwino, mongatala, phula, ndipotalanthawi zambiri amabwera. Nthawi zina nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana pakulankhulana mosavuta, zinthuzi zimakhala ndi zofanana, katundu, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Kumvetsetsakusiyana pakati pa asphaltNdipo zinthu zofananira ndizofunikira kwa aliyense muKupanga MisewuMakampani, kapena mabizinesi ngati aluminium smenters ndi mibadwo yachitsulo yomwe imadalira zinthu zomwe zimachokera kwa iwo. Nkhaniyi ithandiza kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti aliyense akhale wapadera, mapulogalamu ake oyamba, ndipo chifukwa chiyani kusankha zoyenera, monga mwaderaMtundu wa Asphalt, ndizofunikira kuti muchite bwino. Monga fano lokhala ndi mizere 7 yopanga ma celes a malasha a phula ndi petroleum coke, ife, kuZamakwere, ayamba yekha kuti kudziwa kumene makasitomala athu padziko lonse lapansi kuli kovuta kwambiri, kuchokera ku USA kupita ku Europe ndi Australia. Tiyeni tithetse njira yokomera!

Nkhaniyi ikuyenera kuwerenga chifukwa idzatero:

• Fotokozani momveka bwinotala, phula, ndipotala.
• FotokozeraniKusiyana kwakukuluM'mapangidwe awo ndipokatundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
• Kambiranani zingapoMitundu ya phulakomanso moyenera pantchito zosiyanasiyana.
• Sonyezani kufunika kwa zinthuziKupanga Misewundi mafakitale ena.
• Perekani chidziwitsomtengo wothandizaZisankho popanda kusokonekera, chidwi chachikulu chogula ngati Mark Thompson.

1. Kodi phula, ndipo limasiyana bwanji ndi phula?

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi zoyambira. Nthawi zambiri, anthu amasokonezeka pakatitalandiphula. M'madera ambiri padziko lapansi, makamaka ku North America, "tala"amatanthauza zosakaniza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga misewu yopukutira. Izi zimakondaphula, ophatikizika(Monga mchenga, miyala, kapena mwala wosweka), ndipo nthawi zina mafilimu. Choncho,Asphalt ndi osakanizakumenephulaamachita mongafayilo. Ganizirani ngati keke:phulaKodi mazira ndi mafuta atanyamula ufa (wophatikizira) kuti apange keke yomaliza (Plockment Plockment).

Mbali inayi,phulandiMadzi a Viscouskapena mawonekedwe okhazikika apetulo. Ndi wakuda, womata, ndipozowoneka bwino kwambirichinthu chomwe chimachitika mwachilengedwe kapena chopezeka ngati chotalikapetulokuyeretsa. Choncho,phulandi imodzi mwazomwe zimapangidwamu tala. Teremuyo "phula"imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Europe ndi zigawo zina zonena za woyang'anira uyu. Udindo wake waukulu ndikumangaophatikizikaTinthu tating'onoting'ono, tikupatseni mphamvu,kulimba, ndi kuthirira kutalakusakaniza. Mtundu waphulazimakhudza kwambiri machitidwe aPlockment Plockment, akukhudza kukana kwakekugamukamapangidwe ndi kusokonekera pansiMagalimoto ambirindi osiyanasiyananyengo.

Kuzindikira kusiyana kumeneku ndikofunikira. Kasitomala Monga Mark Thompson kuchokera ku USA amalankhula za kugula "phula," akhoza kunena za osakaniza kwathunthu kapena nthawi zina, makamaka, makamaka,PhulaPalokha, kutengera momwe kampaniyo imafunikira pogulitsa makampani omanga pamsewu. Nthawi zonse timadziwulula bwino izi kuti tivomereze kuti tikupereka zomwe zikufunika.

2. Phula lofotokozedwa: Kodi ndi dzina lina la phula kapena phula?

Tsopano, koditalaZoyenera kukhala patsamba ili?Tala, mwachindunji malashatala, ndizosiyana nditalandiphulaPoyambira. Pamenephulandizochokera ku petroleum, malashatalandi cholembera cha mpweya wa malasha, nthawi zambiri chimapangidwa popanga coke kwa makampani ogulitsa kapena galu la malasha. Ndi wandiweyani, wamdima, ndipoMadzi a Viscous, zochulukangati phula, koma mankhwala ake amapangidwa ndi osiyana. M'mbuyomu, malashatalaanalinthawi zambirikwa kuwonjezeka kwa mseu ndi kuyenda kwamadzi, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake mkatiKupanga Misewuyakhala yotsika m'magawo ambiri chifukwaMaganizo a chilengedwendi ntchito yayikulu kwambiripetulo-Kodiphulamu ntchito zambiri.

M'modzi mwaKusiyana kwakukuluNdiyetalaNthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zopangidwa ndi zinthu zonunkhira poyerekeza ndiphula. Pomwe katundu wina angaoneke chimodzimodzi pamtunda - onse ndi akuda, omata - mphamvu zawo zamankhwala zimatsogolera ku mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana komansomphamvu ya chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo,talaItha kukhala yotheka kusintha kwa kutentha ndipo kumatha kumasula mankhwala osokoneza bongo ambiri (vocs). Lero, zinthu mongaMalasha a bor phulaamayamikiridwa kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale apadera, monga popanga elekitiki ya graphite, recocc, ndi zokutira, osati zokulirapoKupanga Msewu. Chifukwa chake, ayi,talasi dzina lina latalakapenaphula; ndi chosiyanazopangira.

Ndikofunikira kwa ogula kuti amvetsetse kuti ngati akufuna zinthu zopaka pamsewu, ndizotheka kwambiri pamsikatala(kusakaniza) kapenaphula(binde). Ngati zosowa zawo ndi njira zapadera zamakampani, ndiye malasha apamwamba kwambiritalaZinthu zitha kukhala zomwe akufuna. Timatulutsa malashatalazinthu, ndipo mapulogalamu awo ndi osiyana ndi athuPetroleumszopereka.

3. Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya phula yomanga pomanga?

TikamalankhulatalaPomanga, makamakaKupanga Misewu, sikuti ndi kukula kwa kukula kwake. Palimitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phula, lililonse lopangidwa kuti lizilingalire zachindunji, nyengo, ndi katundu wamagalimoto. Kusankha kwaMtundu wa Asphaltimatha kusintha kwambiri kukhala ndi moyo wambiri ndi magwiridwe antchito amsewu.

Nazi zinaAsphaltMitundu:

• Asphalt Asphalt (HMA):Izi ndizomwe ndizovuta kwambirintchito mtundu wa phulapotuluka. Amapangidwa potenthaphulakuti muchepetse mawonekedwe ake ndikuwumitsaophatikizikaKuchotsa chinyezi musanasakanize. Asakanizani asphaltKenako umaperekedwa, kuyikidwa, ndi kuphatikizika mukadali otentha. HMA amadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake,kulimba, komanso moyenera kwa madera okwera pamsewu ngati misewu yayikulu komanso ma eyapoti a ndege. Nthawi zambiri timapereka kwambiriphulakupanga kwa HA.
• Asphalt Asphalt (WMA):Wma amapangidwa pamtunda wotsika kuposa Hma (nthawi zambiri 20-30 ° C). Izi zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kapena njira zomwe zimalolaphulakuvalaophatikizikamoyenera izi zimachepetsedwakutentha kwambiri. Phindu limaphatikizanso mafuta ochepa komansokusiyaPakupanga, zenera lalitali, komanso nyengo.
• Sakanizani Asphalt (CMA): Sakanizani asphaltimapangidwa ndi emulsing thephulandi madzi ndi wokulitsani musanasakanize ndiophatikizika. Mosiyana ndi HMA,sakanizani asphaltsafuna kutentha ndipo atha kugwiritsidwa ntchitoKutentha Kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pothira ma potoles, zochulukira kwakanthawi, ndikuyika misewu yotsika kapena misewu yakumidzi. Ngakhale silabwino ngati HMA yoyambirapamsewuntchito, ndimtengo wothandizaNjira yothetsera kukonza komanso yovuta kwambiri.
• Phula la Phurhuw:IchiMtundu wa phulaili ndi malo ochulukirapo a mpweya, kulola madzi kukhetsa kudzeramsewupamwamba pamwala wobwezeretsa wa mwala pansi pake. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa madzi pansi, sinthani kukana skid, ndikuchepetsaphokoso lamthera. NdiZachilengedwenjira yothandizira madzi amphepo.
• Phula la mastic (kapena phula):Ili ndi lawuma, wopanda kanthutalaopangidwa ndi apamwambaphulazomwe zili. Ndizokhazikika kwambiri, zosayera, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera ngati bodge, zodetsa, ndi pansi.
• Asphalt asphalt:Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito,phulazitha kusinthidwa ndi ma polima kapena zina zowonjezera.Asphalt osinthidwaAmaperekanso kukana kukhazikika, kutopa, ndi kutentha zophulika. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala koyenera madera omwe ali ndiMagalimoto ambirikapena mopitiliranyengo.

Kusankha UfuluMtundu wa Asphaltndi chisankho chovuta kwambiri mu chilichonseNtchito Yomanga. Zimaphatikizapo kulingalira zomwe zili ngati kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, nyengo, bajeti, komanso moyo wofunitsitsa wamsewu. Monga othandizira, timagwira ntchito limodzi ndi makasitomala athu kumvetsetsa zosowa zawo zatalandi kupereka gawo loyenera laphulakapena wapaderatalaZogulitsa.

4. Kodi chifukwa chiyani phula lalikulu kwambiri lazolowera ntchito zomanga zamsewu?

Talawakhala nkhani yotsogoleraKupanga MisewuPadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo pali chifukwa chomveka. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kofala kumachitika chifukwa chophatikiza zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kwambiri pakupanga zolimba, zosalala, komansomtengo wothandiza pamsewumayankho. Misewu yoposa 90% ya misewu yopaka ku USA, mwachitsanzo, ili nditala. Izi sizinachitike mwangozi!

Imodzi mwazifukwa zazikulutalaKutchuka kwa 'kutchuka kwake ndi ntchito yake yabwino kwambiri.Mitengo ya phulaakusinthasintha, kutanthauza kuti amatha kupirira mitsinje ndi kusuntha osakhalitsakugamukamapangidwe. Kusintha kumeneku kumathandizanso kuti pakhale kuyenda kosalala komanso kosatha koyerekeza ndi okhazikikamsewuMitundu, Kuchepetsaphokoso lamthera. Pakachekeni,Misewu ya phulaApatseni kukana kwamile smid, komwe ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chitetezo chamagalimoto. Akulimbaza zopangidwa bwino komanso zopangidwaPlockment Plockmentzikutanthauza kuti itha kuthanakuchuluka kwa magalimoto komanso nyengo yosiyanasiyanamopambanitsa bwino kwa zaka zambiri.

Mwayi wina wofunika nditalandi 100% yobwezeretsanso.Adabwezedwanso phula(Rap) ikhoza kuphatikizidwa chatsopanoasphalse sakani, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa zinthu zamwali ndikupatutsa zinyalala kuchokera kumoto. Izi zimapangatalazinansoZachilengedwekusankhapoyerekeza ndi zinthu zina. Kuthekera kwabweleza ntchito phulaOsangogwiritsa ntchito zachilengedwe mongaophatikizikandiphulakomanso amathandizira kuchepetsa zonsemtengo wothandizamakhalidwe aKumanga msewu ndi kukonza. Kuchokera pazomwe takumana nazo, kufunikira kwa apamwambaphulaIzi zitha kuphatikizira rap ikuwonjezeka ngati kusuntha kumakhala gawo lalikulu.

5. Udindo wa Biemen: Banja mu phula sakanizani

Monga talowera,phulandiye ngwazi yosagwirizanatalazosakaniza. Nthawi zambiri zimangopanga pafupifupi 5% yasakanizani kusakanizakulemera, koma gawo lake mongafayilondizovuta kwambiri pamayendedwe ndipokulimbazaPlockment Plockment. Opandaphula, talandingakhale mulu wa wotayiriraophatikizika.

Ntchito yoyamba yaphulandikumangaophatikizidwa ndi phulaPamodzi, ndikupanga misa yolumikizira komanso yokhazikika. IchimaonekedweZovala zakuthupiophatikizikaTinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndikupanga maubwenzi olimba kwambiri. Maubwenzi awa amaperekatalaNdi mphamvu yolimbana ndi mavuto omwe amaperekedwa ndi magalimoto ndi chilengedwe. Mtundu ndi mtundu waPhulanSinthani mwachindunjitala'Kukana kumaso wamba ngati routting (kukhumudwa m'mayendedwe), kutopa kobwerezabwereza (chifukwa chosinthana), chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kutentha). Magawo osiyanasiyana aphulazimafotokozedwa kwa nyengo zosiyanasiyana komanso nyengo zapamsewu kuti zitsimikizidwe zoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, zofewaphula akhozagwiritsani ntchito nyengo yozizira kuteteza, ngakhale yovutaphulaimakondedwa mu nyengo yotentha kuti musakane.

Pakachekeni,phulaimapereka madzi kuPlockment Plockment. Imadzaza ma voids pakatiophatikizikatinthu tating'onoting'ono, kupewa madzi kuti asalowemsewukapangidwe. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa kudumphana kwamadzi kumafooketsa zigawo zomwe zimayambitsa mseu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolephera. Umphawi waphulaZimathandizira kutetezamsewuMaziko ndi kukulitsa moyo wake wautumiki. Monga othandizira makulu osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizaPhula kutentha kwambirindi matenthekiti apakatikatikati, tikumvetsa kuti apatse ufuluphulandi chinsinsi chokwaniritsa nthawi yayitaliMisewu ya phula.

6. Kupitilira misewu: Zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito za phula ndi zinthu zambiri

PameneKupanga Misewundiye kugwiritsa ntchito kodziwika bwino, wapaderakatundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchitowatalandiphulafikani ku magawo ena osiyanasiyana opanga mafakitale ndi malonda. Makhalidwe abwino amagetsi komanso olimbikitsa amawathandiza kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomanga ndi kupanga njira.

Nayi mawonekedwe ena osiyanasiyana:

• Denga: Phulaimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga ma shingles ofunda ndikumverera.ChofufumitsaZipangizo zodetsa malekezero zimapereka chotchinga chokhacho, chosatchinga chotsutsana ndi zinthuzo, kuteteza nyumba kuchokera kutayikira ndi kuwonongeka kwa madzi.
• Kudzikuza Kwaku Kumadzi: Phula-Kubatizi ndi zingwe zosindikiza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku maziko oyambitsa, zipinda zapansi, milatho, ngalande, ndi ngalande.Pulamen emulsionNdipo mayankho amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo opangira osanjikiza.
• Maziko a chitoliro:Kuteteza ma piverlines ochokera ku Trussion, makamaka iwo omwe adayikidwa pansi pansi kapena pansi pa madzi,phulaZovala nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zikufalikira kwa moyo wotsutsa.
• Kuwonongeka komveka: Tala-Malo ofunda kapena zokutira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malonda agalimoto ndi zomanga kuti muchepetse phokoso komanso kugwedezeka.
• Kuthira Mafakitale:ZamastitalaImapereka zovuta, zolimba, komanso njira yopanda malire pamafakitale, nyumba zosungiramo, ndi madera omwe amatopa kwambiri.
• Zinthu zapadera:Fakitale yathu, mwachitsanzo, amapangaPhula lapadera la mafuta owonjezera. Awa apaderamasphaltsamapangidwa ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziziwonjezera madzimadzi, kuchepa kwa madzimadzi, ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwa bwino mupetuloMakampani. Mofananamo,Phula la phula, chinthu china chomwe timapanga, ndichofunikira kupanga ma alumu a aluminium a aluminium, ecphite electrodes yamphamvu, komanso ngatifayiloza kaboni.

Kusiyanasiyana kwaphula ndi phulaZimayambira kuchokera pamalingaliro awo ofunikira: Amakhala otentha (ofewetsa atatenthedwa, kuumitsa ukakhazikika), zomatira, komanso zosagwirizana ndi madzi ambiri. Izi zimawathandiza kuti asinthidwe kuti azikhala ambirikatundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito, kuwapangitsa kukhala ofunikazopangirazinthu zina zamakono.

7.

Poyerekezaasphalt vs. phula, ndikofunikira kubwereza iziAsphalt ndi osakanizaokhala ndiphula. Chifukwa chake, magwiridwe antchito atalaamadalira kwambiri mtundu ndi mtundu waPhulan, komansoophatikizikandi kusakaniza mapangidwe. Komabe, titha kukambiranaphulaMphamvu ya katundutalaKugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.

Phulaiyo yokha, mongafayilo, amadziwika ndi ma vidiyo ake, malo olowera (kuuma), malo ofewetsa, ndi maudindo. Zinthu izi zimazindikira momweAsphalt sakanizani asphaltazichita zinthu mosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo:

• A phulandi mtengo wotsika (wovutaphula) Zidzapangitsatalazomwe zimagonjetsedwa kwambirikutentha kwambiriKoma zitha kukhala zokonda kwambiri kuti zisagwedezeke pamatenthedwe otsika.
• Mosiyanasiyana, aphulandi mtengo wapamwamba (wofewaphula) Idzatulutsa mosinthikatala, oyenererana bwino kwambiri kwa nyengo zozizira koma kuthekera kokhazikika kokhala ndi katundu wolemera kwambiri nyengo yotentha.

Malinga ndi ntchito,Phula limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambirimonga zofunikira kupopera mbewu (chip zip kapena zovala zapamwamba), komwe kusanjikiza kwaphula lotenthaamathiridwa pamsewu, kenako ndi wosanjikiza waophatikizika. Izi ndimtengo wothandizanjira yosindikiza mapesimu omwe alipo ndikuwongolera kukana kwa skid.Pomwe phulandi gawo,tala(zinthu zophatikizika) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zigawo zamsewu, kupereka katundu wamkulu wonyamula katundu. Osiyanaasphalse sakani(E.g.AsphalMkati mwamsewukapangidwe ka (maphunziro am'munsi, njira yolumikizira, yovala bwino) kuti muthe kuyesetsa kuchita ndikulimba.

Kusankha pakati pa zosiyanaPhula kapena phulamalonda pamapeto pake amatengera zofunikira zaNtchito Yomanga. Mwachitsanzo, msewu wapamwamba kwambiri umafunikira chibwibwisakanizani asphaltndi polima polimaphulachifukwa cholimbikitsidwakulimba, pomwe msewu wakumidzi ukhoza kutumikiridwa mokwanira ndi wosavutaasphalt. Kumvetsetsa zodabwitsa zaasphalt vs phulaKuthandiza mainjiniya ndi kugula akatswiri monga Marko Thompson kupanga zisankho zodziwikiratu kuti zitsimikizire kukhala kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuchita bwino.

8. Kodi chilengedwe ndi chiyani chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito phula ndi phula?

Amphamvu ya chilengedwewatalandiphulaKupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kuganizira zofunika kwambiri muMakampani. Monga njira iliyonse yothandizirapetuloZogulitsa, pali zovuta, komanso zowongolera zomwe zimayendetsa kuti zikhalebe ndi moyo wokhazikika.

Chimodzi mwazomwe zikukhudzidwa zachilengedwe zikugwirizana ndikusiyaPakapangidwe asakanizani asphalt. Kutenthaphula ndi okalambakukutentha kwambiriAmadya mphamvu ndipo amatha kumasula mpweya wobiriwira ndikusinthasintha kwa organic. Komabe, makampaniwo amayesetsa kuti athetse izi. Kukula kwa kusakaniza kotenthaTala(WMA) ndi chitsanzo chachikulu. PololaPhulupa kutentha kochepa, Wma kumachepetsa kwambiriKugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi mpweya. Izi sizimachepetsamphamvu ya chilengedwekomanso amathanso kubweretsa ndalama zogulira mitengo.

Mbali ina yabwino ndi yobwezeretsansotala. Monga tanena kale,Plockment Plockmentndi imodzi mwazinthu zobwezeretsedwanso padziko lapansi.Adabwezedwanso phula(Rap) ikhoza kuphatikizidwa chatsopanoasphalse sakaniPakufunika kwambiri, kuchepetsa kufunika kwa namwaliphulandiophatikizika, kusunga zinthu zachilengedwe, ndikuchepetsa kutaya zinyalala. Kufalikira kwachuma kumeneku kumathandizira kwambiri mbiri yaMisewu ya phula. Kuphatikiza apo, kupita patsogolo mkatiAsphal Tetelogiesphatikizani chitukuko chaasphalt, zomwe zimathandizira kuyang'anira madzi othamanga, kuchepetsa kusefukira kwamadzi ndi kusefa zodetsa. Kuyesayesa kumachitikanso kuti apange bio-omangiriza omwe achokera ku zinthu zokonzanso chifukwa chobwezeretsanso kapena kusinthidwa kwathunthuphula la petroleum, akufuna kupitiriraChepetsani phazi la kaboniwaKupanga Misewu.

Pamenetala, makamaka malashatala, akumananso ndi chidwi chachikulu chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ndi kuthekera kwa zinthu zolemetsa, kugwiritsa ntchitoKupanga Misewutsopano ndi ochepa m'malo ambiri. ZatsopanophulaKukonzanso njira ndi zowongolera mosamala zomwe zikufuna kupanga magombe omwe ali otetezeka komanso okhazikika pomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchitoMitengo ya phula. Kwa makasitomala athu, makamaka omwe ali m'magulu okhala ndi malamulo okhala ndi malamulo okhazikika ngati ku Europe ndi USA, timatsimikizira kuti zinthu zathu zizigwirizana. Kudzipereka kumeneku kuMaganizo a chilengedwendikofunikira.

9.

Kusankha kumanjaMtundu wa AsphaltkapenaphulaGrass ndiyofunikira pakuwonetsetsa aNtchito Yomangazonse zikuyenda bwino ndipomtengo wothandiza. Kwa eni nyumba ndi mkulu wosuta ngati Mark Thompson, zokutira ndi mitengo yampikisano ndiyofunika. Sizangokhala mtengo woyambirira waasphalt, komanso zokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito ndipoNdalama zokonza.

Nayi njira yothandizaKusankha asphalt:

1. Mvetsetsani zofunikira polowera:

   • Katundu wamagalimoto:KodimsewuThandizani kuwala, sing'anga, kapenaMagalimoto ambiri? Madera apamwamba amayenda moleza mtimaasphalse sakanindi wamkulukulimba.
   • Nyengo:Ganizirani nyengo yakomweko. Kutentha kwambiri (kotentha ndi kuzizira), kugwa kwamvula, ndipo kuzungulira kwaulere kumathandizira kusankhaphulakalasi ndipoMtundu wa Asphalt. Mwachitsanzo, aKutentha kwapakatikati pa Asphaltatha kukhala oyenera nyengo zina ndi mapulogalamu.
   • Chiyembekezo chamoyo:Kodi moyo womwe mukufuna ndi uti wamsewu? Kutalika kwamoyo kumatha kutsimikizira kuti ndalama zowonjezera zoyambirira za premium ngati zosinthidwatala.
   • Ntchito Yapadera:Ndi yatsopanoNtchito yomanga msewu, kukonzanso, kuponda, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale apadera? Aliyense amafunika njira ina.

2. Werengani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phula:

   • Asphalt Asphalt (HMA):Zabwino kwambirikulimbandi madera akuluakulu, koma imatha kukhala yodula kwambiri.
   • Asphalt Asphalt (WMA):Amapereka magwiridwe antchito abwino okhala ndi chilengedwe komanso ndalama zomwe zingawonongeke chifukwa cha kutentha kochepa.Amapereka bwinokugwirira ntchito.
   • Sakanizani Asphalt (CMA):Zambirimtengo wothandizaPokonza zakanthawi, madera akutali, kapena misewu yotsika kwambiri.Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamatenthedwe otsika, kupangitsa kukhala yabwino ntchito yaying'ono.
   • Asphalt asphalt:Ganizirani za kufunsa komwe kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito (E.g., Kukana Kukana,kugamukaKutsutsa) ndikofunikira, ngakhale mtengo wam'mumba ndiwokwera.

3. Ganizirani ndalama zazitali:

   • Chotsika mtengotalaKusankha kungasunge ndalama poyamba koma kumatha kubweretsaNdalama zokonzandi wofupikirapo moyo, pamapeto pake amawononga zochulukirapo. Kuyika ndalamaphulandi zoyenerasakanizani kusakanizaMapangidwe nthawi zambiri amalipira.
   • Zomwe zingathe kugwiritsa ntchitoasphalt(Rap), zomwe zingachepetse mtengo wachuma ndipo ndiZachilengedwekusankha.

4. Gwirani ntchito ndi ogulitsa odalirika:

   • Wosadziwa (monga ife!) Itha kupereka chitsogozo pazabwinotalakapenaphulaZosowa zanu ndi bajeti yanu. Timamvetsetsa kuti "mtengo" womwe umaphatikizika mtengo ndi mtundu. Timaonetsetsa kuti zinthu zathu, kaya ndi muyezophulakapena wapaderamasphalts, kukwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi.

Mwa kuganizira zinthu izi mosamala, mabizinesi amathaDziwitsani kwambiriKusankha, kuonetsetsa kuti apezaPulogalamu Yothandizayankho lomwe limapereka ntchito zofunikira ndipokulimba.

10.

Kwa ogula ngati Mark Thompson, omwe amagulatalandiphulaZogulitsa M'mayiko Otukuka Monga China, Kulimbikitsa Zinthu Zapamwamba Kwambiri ndizodetsa nkhawa zapamwamba. Mtundu wazopangirazimakhudza mwachindunji ntchito za makasitomala ake, kaya ndi aluminium smenters, mphero zachitsulo, kapenaKupanga MisewuMakampani. Nawa zinthu zazikulu zofunika kuziganizira mukamayambitsa zinthu izi:

• Kuyendera bwino ndi kuvomerezedwa:Izi sizotheka kukambirana. Ogula ayenera kukakamira masipoti okwanira pagawo lililonse latalakapenaphula. Yang'anani othandizira omwe amatsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse (E.g., Asthem, aashto, en). Zivomeredzo monga iso 9001 (yoyang'anira bwino) ndi ISO 14001 (yoyang'anira zachilengedwe) ndi zizindikiro zabwino kwa wopereka wa wotsamira ku machitidwe abwino ndi odalirika. Mwachitsanzo, tikudzinyadira tokha pa ulamuliro wathu wolimba pamagulu athu 7 athu. "Flaut Wachinyengo ndi wowawa kwenikweni," Mark nthawi ina anati: "Mark nthawi ina amandiuza. "Tikufunika ogulitsa omwe tingawadalire."
• Mbiri Yothandizira ndi Zokumana Nazo:Sankhani othandizira omwe ali ndi mbiri yotsimikizika ndi kutumizidwa kudera lomwe mungatumize kudera lanu (USA, North America, Europe, Australia, ndi zina). Fakitala yokhazikitsidwa imatha kukhala ndi njira zopangira mosasintha komanso kumvetsetsa zovuta za malonda apadziko lonse lapansi. Kuwerenga maumboni kapena kufunsa kuti maumboni akhoza kukhala othandiza.
• Zogwirizana:Fotokozerani momveka bwino za maluso a maluso atalakapenaphula. Izi zikuphatikizanso kalasi yalodi, yofewetsa, mafakisoni, ndi zofunikira zilizonse zosinthidwamasphaltskapena zinthu zapadera. Onetsetsani kuti woyang'anira akhoza kukwaniritsa izi mosasinthana.
• Mapulogalamu ndi Kutumiza:Zizindikiro zoyenera kupewa kuchedwa kuchepetsedwa. Kambiranani mawu otumizira, nthawi zotsogola, ma CD's (E.g., ng'oma, kapena mitundu yapadera ngatiAsphalt ufa), ndipo woperekayo adakumana ndi katundu wapadziko lonse lapansi. Wogulitsa wodalirika alumikizana ndi malo otumizira.
• Kulumikizana ndi Kuthandiza:Kuyankhulana bwino ndi kiyi kwa osalala. Oyimira ogulitsa ayenera kudziwa, amasamala, komanso amatha kuthana ndi malingaliro aluso. Izi zimathandiza kupewa kusamvana kusamvana ndikuthetsa mavuto mwachangu. Maliko nthawi zambiri amatsindika kuti "kulankhulana mokwanirako kumatha kukhala okwera mtengo ngati chingwe choyipa."
• Njira zolipirira:Onetsetsani kuti njira zolipirira komanso zotetezeka zilipo. Fotokozerani momveka bwino.

Poyang'ana pazinthu izi, ogula amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kuwopsa ndikupanga maubwenzi olimba ndi ogulitsa odalirika atalandiphulaPowonetsetsa kuti alandila zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimafunikira polojekiti zomwe zimafunikira ndi zomwe makasitomala amayembekeza.

.

AMakampanisichokhazikika; imangosinthasinthaKukula kwa AsphalCholinga chofuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito, kukhazikika, komanso kugwira ntchito modula. Izi zotuluka zikugunda zamtsogoloNjira Zomangirirandi momwe timaganiziratalandiphula.

Zinthu zina zosangalatsa zimaphatikizapo:

• Pulogalamu yochiritsa:Ofufuza akupangamasphaltszomwe zimatha kukonza ming'alu yaying'ono. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza microcapsules okhala ndi ulusi kapena ulusi wachitsulo womwe, atatenthedwa ndi kuwukira, sungunulani mozungulira mozunguliraphulaKusindikiza ming'alu. Izi zitha kuchepetsa kwambiriNdalama zokonzandikuwonjezeramsewuMoyo.
• Misewu yopanga mphamvu:Ntchito zamagetsi zikuwunikaMitengo ya phulaWophatikizidwa ndi piezyalectric zipsera zomwe zimatha kupanga magetsi kuchokera kumakina oyenda pamagalimoto odutsa. Adakali oyambira, izi zitha kutembenukira misewu kukhala magwero a mphamvu zokonzanso.
• Zozizira Zozizira:Izi ndimasphaltsAmapangidwa kuti awonetsere ma radiation yambiri ndikuwonjezera madzi am'madzi, kuchepetsa kutentha. Izi zitha kuthandiza kuchepetsa umizindawo chilumba chitole, kumapangitsa mphamvu yotsika kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozizira, ndikusintha mpweya wabwino.
• Bio-Asphalt ndi Bio-Banders:Kafukufuku wamkulu akuyamba kupangaphulanjira zina kuchokerapetuloMagwero ngati Lignin (kuchokera ku mtengo), microalgae, kapena mafuta ophika. Ma Bio-Coirs ali ndi cholinga chopanga zochulukirapoChuma Chachinsinsi AsphaltZosankha ndikuchepetsa kudalira mafuta zakale.
• Njira zolimbikitsira zowonjezera:Zosandutsa zikuwongolera kuthekera kugwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwaAdabwezedwanso phula(Rap) ndikubwezedwa ma sheingles asphalt (ras) zatsopanoasphalse sakaniosasokoneza. Izi zimaphatikizaponso matekinoloje abwinobwino obwezeretsanso katundu wa okalambaphula.
• Misewu yanzeru yokhala ndi masensa ophatikizidwa:Kuphatikiza masensaAsphalimatha kupereka deta yeniyeni pazambiri pamagalimoto,msewuZaumoyo, ndiponyengo, kupangitsa kuti pakhale kukonza makonzedwe othandizira ndi kukonza magalimoto.

IziAsphal Tetelogiesonetsani kudzipereka kuti muchepetse mphamvu, kosakhazikika, komanso wanzeruNjira Zomangirira. Monga fakitale yodzipereka kuti ipange bwino kwambiritalandi malashatalaZogulitsa, timatsatira kwambiri kupita kumene. Kutengera matekinoloji atsopano kumatilola kuperekabwinozinthu zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofuna zamakono zamakonoKupanga MisewuMapulogalamu a mafakitale, pamapeto pake amathandizira bwinoMsewu Wamsewundi tsogolo lokhazikika. Ulendo watalasikatha; ikukonzedwa ndi zatsopano.

Njira zazikuluzikulu:

• Talandi chinthu chophatikizika chopangidwa ndiphula(binder) ndiophatikizika, makamakantchito munjira yomanga msewu.
• Phulandimaonekedwe, mawonekedwe akuda, okhazikika apetulo, kuchita ngati chofunikirafayilomuasphalse sakani.
• Tala(mwachindunji malashatala) Amachokera ku malasha, kusiyanasiyanaphula, tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mafakitale apadera kuposa GeneralKupanga Msewu.
• Pali osiyanasiyanaMitundu ya phula(Kusakaniza kotentha, kusakaniza kotentha,Sakanizani asphalt, Yotopetsa, yosinthidwa) yolumikizidwa pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana, nyengo, ndi katundu wamagalimoto.
• TalaamadziwikaKupanga MisewuChifukwa cha zakekulimba, kusinthasintha, kubwezeretsanso, ndipomtengo wothandizaZachilengedwe.
• Akamapitatalakapenaphula, yang'anani pa kuyendera, kuvomerezedwa (ISO), wopereka wothandizira, momveka bwino zaukadaulo, malingaliro odalirika, komanso kulankhulana bwino.
• AMakampaniNdibwino, ndi kupita patsogolo ngati kudziletsamasphalts, mapiritsi ozizira, ndi ma bio-amambe omwe akufuna kuti azikhala okhazikika komanso olimbaNjira Zomangirira.
• KumvetsetsaKusiyana kwakukulundikatundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchitoza zinthuzi zimathandizaKusankha UfuluNjira iliyonseNtchito Yomanga, kusamalira ndalama ndi magwiridwe antchito.