Njira zosinthidwa zapansi padenga: Tsitsi lakuya kwambiri

Kutsikira kufomudwe komwe kwasinthidwa kumakhala kovuta mu malo ogulitsira malo okwerera madenga, makamaka padenga lathyathyathya kapena lotsika. Zimayimira chisinthiko kuchokera ku chilengedwe chodulidwa (Bur), kuphatikiza ma polima kuti apititse patsogolo magwiridwe antchito. Koma ngati zinthu zilizonse zofoka, zimabwera ndi zabwino zake komanso zovuta zake. Kumvetsetsa iziUbwino ndi WosathaNdiofunikira pakumanga eni ake eni ake ngati Marko Thompson, omwe amafunikira mayankho odalirika, ogwira ntchito okwera mtengo kwa katundu wawo. Nkhaniyi idutsa m'magulu aMakina osinthika a phsement, poyang'ana zabwino zawo, zovuta, mitundu, njira zokhazikitsira, ndi zosakhazikika, kukuthandizani kudziwa ngati izikachitidwe ka dengandiye chisankho chabwino kwa anupadenga lamalondazosowa. Tiphimba chilichonse kuchokerakulimbandi kuthengo kwamphamvuMaupangiri Osinthidwa Osinthidwa.

Kodi dongosolo losinthika kwenikweni ndi lotani kwenikweni?

A osinthika a bimenDongosolo ndi kwenikwenitala-Kupatula magetsidengaNgozi. Ganizirani za kupita patsogolo kwamakonodenga(Bur). Makina awa adatchuka ku Europe mu 1960s ndipo adapita ku US Msika wa US mu 1970s. Lingaliro lalikulu linali kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito atala, makamaka kusinthasintha kwake, kukana kwa kutentha, komanso konsekulimba, pophatikiza ma poizo ena.

Kwenikweni, aZosinthidwa padendenimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo, zomwe zimapangakuphatikiza kwa-zisanu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kutchinjiriza, pepala lokhazikika kapena mapepala a maenje,kusinthidwa phsumen membraneOkha (omwe ndi omwe ali osanjikiza),omatila(kwa njira zina zogwiritsira ntchito), komanso zinthu zochulukirapo. Amzere wapakatiKodi wosewera mpira, wopangidwa ndi mapepala okhala ndi fakitale yatalaIzi zasinthidwa "ndi rabara (sbs) kapena pulasitiki (pulogalamu) ma polima, ndikulimbikitsidwa ndi ma fiberglass kapena polyester. Njira yosambitsa zambiri izi imathandizira kwambiri kukhazikika kwa dongosololi ndi kuthekera kupirira zipsinjo zosiyanasiyana.

Kumvetsetsa kapangidwe kameneka kumathandizaMakina osinthika a phsementnthawi zambiri amadziwika kuti ndi wodalirikaNjira Yabwinopofunafuna malo. Kuphatikiza kwatsimikiziridwatalaTekinoloje yokhala ndi sayansi yamakono ya polymer imapanga adengaIzi zikufuna kusamala magwiridwe antchito, mtengo, ndi moyo wautali. Ndi mtundu wamasitedwe ovala asphaltIzi zakhala zikuyeso nthawi yayitali ndikusintha njira zatsopano za ukadaulo.

Kodi membala wosinthika amapangidwa bwanji?

"Kusintha" mkatiosinthika a bimenamatanthauza mwachindunji kusinthika kwa ovala ovalatalakudzera ku kuwonjezera kwa ma polima. Njirayi ndi kiyi yothetsa mavuto ena mwa zikhalidwetala, monga kuphwanya nyengo yozizira ndikufewetsa kutentha kwambiri. Mitundu iwiri yoyambirira ya ma quifiers omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amapanga magulu awiri aZosinthidwa phsemen membrane: Sbs ndi pulogalamu. Zopangira zapamwamba kwambiri, zofanana ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazopangidwaMpira phula, ndizofunikira pakupanga nembanemba zodalirika.

Styrene-butiene-styrene (Chipatso) Kusintha kumaphatikizapo kuwonjezera ma polima a mphira kwatala. Izi zimapereka chifukwamzere wapakatiKusinthasintha kwambiri, makamaka kutentha kozizira, ndikulola kutambasulira ndikuchira osawonongeka.Chipatso-Kupereka neventn membrane nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi "chotola", ndikuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera osiyanasiyanaNjira Yogwiritsira ntchitoZosankha, kuphatikizapo kuziziraomatilakapena kukhazikitsidwa kokha, pamodzi ndi ruch yamiyambo. Kusintha kumeneku kumapangitsaChipatsoKusankha kotchuka mu nyengo ndi kutentha kwambiri.

Polyproplenene (Wothandizira) Kusintha, mbali inayo, kuphatikizaThermoplasticma polima mutala. WothandiziraKusintha kumawonjezeramzere wapakati'Kukana Kutentha Kwambiri ndikuwonjezeraUVkukana ndi konsekulimba. Wothandizira-Njira Yokhazikitsa. Pulasitiki yapolymeramapanga zovuta, zotsaliradengaPamalo omwe amakhala bwino kwambiri ndi dzuwa, ndikupanga kukhala koyenera kwa nyengo yotentha. Zowonjezera zophatikizika (fiberglass kapena polyester) zophatikizika mkati mwamzere wapakatiimapereka bata ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi misozi ndi ziwembu.

Kodi maubwino akuluakulu osinthika osinthika?

Imodzi mwazifukwa zazikuluZosintha Zosintha ZosinthaKukopa koteroko, makamaka kwanyumba zamalonda, ndi mndandanda wake wosangalatsa wa mapindu ake. Mwina mwayi wobisika kwambiri ndi wake wapaderakulimbandi kukana kuvala. Chilengedwe chambiri chambiriMakina osinthidwaamapanga chopinga chabwino chokha chomwe chimapereka chitetezo chabwino motsutsana ndi zopukutira, zosokoneza, komanso ngakhalekuthamangitsa phazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala chofunikira patsamba zamalonda kuti zitheke. Kulimba mtima kwamtunduwu kumamasulira mwachindunji mu ntchito yayitaliutali wamoyopoyerekeza ndi zinaZosankha zodetsa.

Chinthu china chofunikiraPhindu la Deka Losasinthikandi kuthekera kwake kopanda tanthauzo.TalaPalokha ndi zachilengedwezinthu zosafunikira, ndipo posinthidwa ndi ma polima ndikugwiritsa ntchitozigawo zingapo, zimapangitsa kukhala wodalirika komanso wosafunikirakachitidwe ka denga. Seams nthawi zambiri imasindikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwa kutentha (torch-pansi), kutsuka kotentha, kapena kuziziraomatila, kupanga zomangira za monolithic zomwe zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kutayikira. Izi zimapangaZosinthidwaKusankha bwino padenga kapena lotsika-otsika madenga pomwe popanga madzi kumatha kukhala nkhawa.

Pakachekeni,KutsitsidwaNthawi zambiri amakana kukananyengo yamvula, kuphatikizapo mphepo zapamwamba ndi matalala (kutengera dongosolo ndi maphunziro). Kusinthasintha koperekedwa ndiChipatsoKusintha kumathandizadengakukulitsa ndi mgwirizano popanda kuswekakutentha kwambirikusintha. Pomwe achikhalidwe chakudatalaMaonekedwe amatha kuyamwa, zosankha zowonetsera kapena kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera za granule zilipo kuti zithandizire mphamvu ndi kuchepetsamtengo wozizira, kulimbitsakukana ku ma ray. AKusuntha Kukhazikitsa(Makamaka osankha kapena ozizira) amathanso kukhala phindu, ngakhale njira zakuthambo zimafunikira lusontchito yonyamulazomangira. Ponseponse, kuphatikiza kwamphamvu, zosakanikirana, ndi kukana nyengo zimapangaZosinthidwa a Zovala zodalirikakusankha.

Kodi pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madeti osinthidwa (SBS VS.?

Inde, monganso mogwirizana ndi kale, gawo lalikulu mkatiMakina osinthika a phsementmabodza amtundu wapolymerntchito kusinthatala. Izi zimatsogolera kuwiriMitundu yosinthidwa: Chipatso(Styrene-butadiene-styrene) ndiWothandizira(ATactic Polypropylene). Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa awiriwa ndikofunikira posankhakuyika bwino kwambiriZida zamakhalidwe enieni ndi nyumba yomanga.

SBB-yosinthidwaamagwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsa za mphira. Mikhalidwe yofunika ikuphatikiza:

• Kusinthasintha Kwakukulu:Zabwino kwambiri komanso kubwezeretsanso katundu, ndikupangitsa kukhala bwino padenga komwe kumapangitsa kuti kutentha kumasintha kapena kumanga. Imayamba kusokoneza nyengo yozizira bwino.
• Kukhazikitsa kosiyanasiyana:Itha kuyikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana - Torch-ispoed, yotentha, yoziziraomatila, kapena adalimbikira. Kusintha kumeneku kumatha kukhala kopindulitsa kutengera zopinga kapena zokonda zokhudzana ndi malawi otseguka.
• MFUNDO ZOSAVUTA:Kuyelekeza ndiWothandizira, ChipatsoNthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi kutentha kochepa komwe kumayamba kufewetsa.

Phula losinthidwaimaphatikizira aThermoplasticpolymer (pulasitiki). Mikhalidwe yofunika ikuphatikiza:

• Kukhazikika kwamanja kwambiri:Amaperekanso kukana kwakukulu kuti kutentha kuyenda ndi kufewetsa kutentha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenerera nyengo zotentha.
• Kukana UV kukana:Pulasitiki yaWothandiziraimapereka chitetezo chabwino kuwonongeka kuchokeraKuwala kwa UV.
• Torch-Isponations Moredomsy:Chifukwa cha maziko ake osungunuka,Wothandiziraimakhazikitsidwa kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolerera, zomwe zimapanga zolimba, zosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
• Kusinthasintha kosasinthika (esp. Kuzizira):Ngakhale cholimba,Wothandiziranthawi zambiri amasintha kuposaChipatso, makamaka pakuzizira kwambiri.

Kusankha pakatiChipatsondiWothandiziranthawi zambiri zimatengera nyengo yakomweko, mwachindunjidengakapangidwe, komanso zomwe mumakondaNjira Yokhazikitsa. OnseMitundu ya Mod PurpranesKupereka Zabwino Kwambirikulimbandi kuthirira madzi atayika molondola. Kufunsira ndi chidziwitsoKontrameni yopangazitha kuthandiza kudziwa mtundu woyenera kwambiriNtchito Yoyika.

Kodi mumayika bwanji padenga losinthidwa? Kuyang'ana njira zogwiritsira ntchito

ANjira Yokhazikitsakwa aosinthika a bimenimasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wamzere wapakati (ChipatsokapenaWothandizira) Ndi malingaliro a wopanga. Pali ambiri wambaNjira Yogwiritsira ntchitoZosankha zomwe zilipo, aliyense ndi njira zake, zabwino zake, komanso malingaliro. Chakekuikaikuyenda mpaka nthawi yayitali ndipoLivespan ya phompho losinthidwadenga.

Nayi njira yoyamba yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchitokutsatira phula losinthidwa:

1. Torch-Isction:Iyi ndi njira yofala kwambiri, makamakaWothandiziranembanemba (ndipo nthawi zinaChipatso). Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito maulere a prow kuti athe kutentha kwaZosinthidwapepala, kusungunulatalaOsambika mokwanira kuti atsatire motetezeka mpaka pamtunda kapena pompopompo. Njira iyi imapanga zigawenga zamphamvu, zoolithic koma pamafunika luso lalikulu komanso mosamala kwambiri chifukwa cha lawi lotseguka.
2. Asphalt (phula lotentha):Zofanana ndi zachikhalidweMakina ovala ovala, njirayi imaphatikizapo kuwononga otenthatala(Nthawi zambiri amatenthedwa mpaka 400-500 ° F) mpaka pamtunda kapena wosanjikiza, kenako ndikusinthaZosinthidwamapepala okhala ndi madzi otenthatala. Izi zimapangitsa dongosolo lokhazikika, lokhazikika. Zimafunikanso kutentha mosamala ndi njira zachitetezo.
3. Ozizira omata:Njirayi imaletsa kufunikira kwa mitu kapena ma keker. Njira Yapadera Yoziziraomatilaimagwiritsidwa ntchito gawo lapansi pogwiritsa ntchito ogudubuza kapena kufinya, ndikusinthidwa phsumen membranendiye kuti ndi yonyowaomatila. Izi zimawoneka ngati njira yotetezeka, imachepetsa utsi, ndipo makamaka ndi yoyeneraChipatsonembanemba. Kuchiritsa nthawi yaomatilaziyenera kuganiziridwa.
4. Wodzitsatira:EnaZosinthidwaMa sheet amabwera ndi chotsatsa chomata chisanakhale chotetezedwa ndi filimu yomasulira.KulowaIzi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa filimuyo ndikukanikizamzere wapakatimolimba m'malo mwake. Njira iyi imaperekaKusuntha Kukhazikitsa, liwiro, ndi phindu lotetezeka, kupangitsa kuti likhale lotchuka kwambiri, makamakaChipatsoZogulitsa.

Mosasamala kanthu zaNjira Yogwiritsira ntchito, kukonzekera koyenera kwaDesiNdipo gawo lapansi ndizofunikira. OsankhidwaNjira YokhazikitsaZovuta kwambiri, malingaliro a chitetezo, ndipo nthawi zina magwiridwe omaliza aZosinthidwa padenden. Ndikofunikira kugwira ntchito ndiadakumana ndi dengaTeam amadziwa njira zomwe zimafunikiraKugwira ntchito ndi bimen yosinthidwa.

Kodi ndi chiyani chochuluka chowongolera chosinthika?

PameneKutsitsidwaamapereka zabwino zambiri, ndikofunikira kulingalira zomwe zingakhalepo -Chuma Chosinthidwa. Chimodzimodzilepa, makamaka ndi ma membrane achikhalidwe, kutentha kwa kutentha. Malo amdima amakonda kuyamwa kutentha kwa dzuwa, komwe kumatha kuwonjezera katundu wozizira ndikuthandizira kuti kuweta ku Island. Ngakhale zopangira zowonetsera kapena ma grance owoneka bwino amatha kuchepetsedwa izi, zimawonjezera mtengo ndipo zitha kukufunirani kukonza.

Nkhawa ina nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndiZosinthidwaNjira yokhazikitsa, makamaka njira ya torch-pansi. Kugwiritsa ntchito malawi otseguka padengaimanyamula zoopsa zamoto ngati sizikuchitidwa ndi akatswiri apamwamba komanso osamala. Mafasho opangidwa nthawi yotentha kapena owotcha amathanso kukhala akuganiziridwa. Ngakhale zosankha zozizira komanso zodzidalira zimachotsa zoopsa izi, zitha kubwera ndi zovuta zawo, monga kutentha kwa kutentha panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito kapena ndalama zapamwamba. Izi zikulepheretsa kufunikira kosankha woyeneracontrator contractor.

Kuyerekeza ndi enaKutayika kamodzimachitidwe ngatiTsanzikapena pvc,Livespan ya phompho losinthidwaZitha kukhala zazifupi kwambiri, zimayamba kuyambira zaka 15 mpaka 25, ngakhale izi zimadalira kukonzanso, kukonza, ndi nyengo. Pakachekeni,Makina osinthika a phsementnthawi zina zimakhala zolemera kuposaDongosolo Lopanda PamodziNjira zina, zomwe zingakhale chifukwa chomangira zinthu zolemera zolemera. Pomaliza, kukonza, pomwe nthawi zambiri pamakhala zoyenda bwino, zitha kumafuna njira zina malinga ndi zoyambiriraNjira Yogwiritsira ntchito. IziChuma chosinthika chosinthikasafunikira kuyeza zabwino zake.

Kodi phula losinthidwa limafananizidwa ndi TPE kapena EPM)?

MukamaganiziraZosankha zodetsakwa adenga lathyathyathyakapena otsika-otsikapadenga lamalonda, Zosinthidwanthawi zambiri poyerekeza ndi zosankha zina zotchukaTsanzi(Thermoplastic pocholefin) ndiEkidm(Ethylene Prolomene Lomemer). M'modziZida zodetsaAli ndi mphamvu zake ndi zofooka zake.

Nayi tebulo lachidule:

Zosinthidwa za stimenMphamvu ili mu kulimba kwake ndi kukana komwe kumachokerazigawo zingaponditalaThes. Zimakhala bwinokuthamangitsa phazindi zomwe zimakhudza.TPH padengaimadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake mphamvu (nthawi zambiri zoyera / zowoneka) ndi misozi yolimba.Ekidmamawonedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake,UVKukhazikika, komanso motalika kwambiriutali wamoyo, ngakhale seams yake yotsatsa nthawi zina imatha kukhala yolephera ngati siyikhazikitsidwa bwino.

Poyerekeza ndi enaZipangizo MongaTsanzindiEkidm, Zosinthidwaimapereka njira yotsimikizika yaukadaulo wotsimikiziridwa (tala) ndikugwira ntchito (ma polima). Kusankha nthawi zambiri kumabwera ku malo ena apadera: Kodi makina opukutira kwambiri ndi chinsinsi? (Zosinthidwa). Kodi mphamvu yogwira ntchito bwino? (Tsanzi). Kodi kusinthasintha koopsa ndi kukhala ndi moyo? (Ekidm). Kuzindikira Malonda Omwe AmathandiziraKusankha chovala chabwino kwambiriyankho.

Kodi ndi moyo wamtundu wanji wa Stumen Stumen Stoner?

ALivespan ya phompho losinthidwaDenga lodekha limagwera zaka 15 mpaka 25. Komabe, iyi si nambala yokhazikika ndipo imatha kutengera zinthu zingapo. Kukwaniritsa moyo womwe ukuyembekezera, kapena kupititsa patsogolo, kumangirira kwambiri, kumangirira kwambirikuika, zida zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito, nyengo yakomweko, komanso kusasinthasintha kwa njira yokonza.

Kukhazikitsa KoyenerandiKukhazikitsa pa malondaGulu ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Kutsatira koyenera, seams yosindikizidwa bwino, tsatanetsatane wokwanira kuwombera, ndi kukonzekera kwa gawo ndikofunikira. Yokhazikitsidwa bwinoosinthika a bimenimatha kulephera asanakwane, ngakhale atakhala kuti. Ichi ndichifukwa chake posintha anucontrator contractorndizofunika kwambiri. Mofananamo, pogwiritsa ntchito zapamwamba kwambiriZosinthidwa phsemen membranendipo zimagwirizanaZogulitsa padengakuchokera kwa opanga otchuka amathandizira kwambirikulimba. Zida zapamwamba kwambiri zimatha kusokoneza mwachangu pansiUVKuwonetsedwa kapena kupsinjika kwa kutentha.

Zinthu zachilengedwe zimathandiziranso. Adengam'dera lomwekutentha kwambiriKusinthanitsa, chipale chofewa, kapena kwambiri, chotalikiranaKuwala kwa UVZitha kukhala zovuta kwambiri kuposa mmodzi mgululi. Kukonza pafupipafupi, kuphatikizapo makonda (osachepera kawiri pachaka ndipo pambuyo pa nyengo yayikulu), zoyeretsa zowonongekazo, ndikukonzanso zowonongeka pang'ono ngati matuza kapena ming'alu yokulirapo.kachitidwe ka denga'sKULAMBIRA KWAULERE. Kunyalanyaza kukonza kumatha kuloleza mavuto ang'onoang'ono kuphulitsa, komwe kungayambitse kulephera kofala ndi kufupikitsadengamoyo wabwino.

Kodi nchifukwa ninji phula losinthidwa lilibe chisankho chotchuka pa nyumba zamalonda?

Zosintha zosinthidwakunja ngati aZinthu zodziwika bwinowanyumba zamalonda, makamaka iwo omwe ali ndidenga lathyathyathyakapena mapangidwe otsika-otsika, pazifukwa zingapo zomveka. Kulimba kwake komansokukana kubwezakhalani oyenera madenga omwe amapezeka pafupipafupikuthamangitsa phazipa kukonza kwa Hvac kapena zida zina. AAlti-plyZachilengedwe zimapereka mulingo wambiri ndipokulimbaEni ake amene amakhala ndi omangawo nthawi zambiri amafunika kuteteza zinthu zawo.

Kuthekera kosangalatsa koyambira ndi dalaivala wina wamkulu wotchuka. Denga lathyathyathyathyathyathya limakhala lodziunjikira madzi polowerera madzi, ndipo louma, losindikizidwa bwinomzere wapakatiwa aZosinthidwa padendenimateteza zodalirika kuti zisayike. Kaya seams ndi torch-welded, otentha, kapena osindikizidwa ndi ozizira kwambiriomatila, cholinga chake ndi chotchinga. Kudalirika kumeneku ndi kudera nkhawa kwakukulu kwa anthu monga Marko Thompson, amene amayang'ana kuletsa kuwonongeka kwa madzi m'maofesi omwe amapereka kapena enieni.

Pakachekeni,Makina osinthidwaMuzipereka kusinthasintha. Ndi zosankha ngatiChipatsoKuti musinthe nyengo yozizira komansoWothandiziraKwa kutentha kwambiri, pamakhala yankho ku zotsatira zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe. Kupezeka kwa njira zosiyanasiyana kukhazikitsa (torch, otentha, ozizira-ozizira, odziletsa) amaperekanso kusinthasintha panthawi yaNtchito Yoyika. Ngakhale matekinoloji atsopano ngatiTsanziapeza gawo lalikulu pamsika,Zosinthidwaamakhalabe wodalirika muMakina oyendetsa malondaMsika chifukwa cha mbiri yake yotsimikiziridwa, mphamvu, komanso magwiridwe odalirika. Imayimira kuchuluka kodziwika, nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito bwino komanso magwiridwe antchito ambirinyumba zamalonda.

Kodi ndingatani kuti nditsimikizire bwino posankha denga losinthika?

Kuwonetsetsa kuti inundikufuna kukhazikitsa padenga losinthidwazimaphatikizapo kuganizira mosamala zida ndi okhazikitsa. Monga mwini fakitale ndekha, kuthana ndi zinthu ngatikutentha kwambiri malashaNdipo ndimamvetsetsa kuchuluka kosiyanasiyana, kufunikira kofunikira kwa kusasinthika kwa zinthu komanso kutsatira miyezo. Gawo loyamba likusankha zapamwamba kwambiriZosinthidwa phsemen membranekuchokera kwa opanga otchuka omwe amakumana ndi zofunikira zamakampani (monga anyezi). Yang'anani zopangidwa ndi kulimbikitsidwa kwabwino, makulidwe osasinthika, komanso kuwunika kwa nthawi yayitali. Funsani zapolymerkuphatikiza (ChipatsokapenaWothandizira) Ndipo akuwonetsetsa kuti ikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu.

Chimodzimodzi, ngati sichofunikira kwambiri, ndikusankha ufuluKontrameni yopanga. Yang'anani ma contractors omwe ali ndi vuto lililonse, lotsimikizikaKukhazikitsa njira zosinthidwa zotsalira, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchitoNjira Yogwiritsira ntchitoMukukonzekera zanudenga. Onani maumboni awo, inshuwaransi, ndi chilolezo. Funsani za njira zawo zapamwamba komanso ma protocols, makamaka ngati Torch-ntchito imakhudzidwa. Kontrakitala wodziwa bwino ikonzekere bwinoDesi, onetsetsani kuti mukukula ndi kusodza kwambiri, ndi kuthana ndi tsatanetsatane mosamala - onse otsutsa kwambiri,padenga la madzi. Osangoyang'ana pakufuna kotsika kwambiri; ukadafuna ukadaulo ndi ntchito yabwino.

Pomaliza, tsimikizani momveka bwino za arranties (zopangira zonse zopangira ndi zopangira zopangira ndi zopangira zomangamanga) ndikumvetsetsa zomwe amaphimba komanso mpaka liti. Kambiranani dongosolo lokonza pafupipafupi ndi kontrakitala wanu. Kuyendera mosasinthasintha ndi kukonza zoletsa zazing'ono ndizodula kwambiri kuposa kuthana ndi zolephera zazikulu pansi. Poganizira za zinthu zabwino, kuyika kwa akatswiri, ndikukonzanso, mutha kuwonjezera mwayi wanuFree yatsopanokugulitsa ndalama kumapereka chitetezo chokwanirautali wamoyo. Khama la izi limathandizira kupewa zopweteka chizindikiro chizindikiro cha Thompton akudandaula za, ngati kulumikizana kosayenera komanso zolephera zosayembekezeka.

Njira zazikuluzikulu pamadeti osinthika:

• Ndi chiyani:Cholimba,tala-KodiZida zodetsaonjezerani ndi ma politymers (ChipatsokapenaWothandizira) Opangidwira madenga osalala kapena otsika kwambiri, omwe amakhazikitsidwa mkatizigawo zingapo.
• Zabwino zazikulu:Chabwinokulimba, puncniction kukana, kupadera kwa madzi, kukana nyengo yabwino, yoyenerakuthamangitsa phazi, kusankha kosiyanasiyana (Chipatso).
• GUZANI LINA:Imatha kuyamwa (mitundu yakuda), chiopsezo cha kuyika (torch-pansi), ufupimuutali wamoyokuposa ma pulo ena amodzi (zaka 15-25 nthawi zambiri), akhoza kukhala olemera.
• Mitundu: Chipatso(zosintha, zabwino zozizira / zingapo) ndiWothandizira(Wokwera--temver,UVKugonjetsedwa, nthawi zambiri Torch-imagwiritsidwa ntchito).
• Njira Zokhazikitsa:Torch-Traction, Yokokedwa, Yoziziraomatila, kapena msipu wokha; Imafuna kukhazikitsa kwaluso kuti mugwire bwino.
• ZOTHANDIZA:Sankhani mtundu woyenera (Sbs / pulogalamu) Nyengo yanu, sankhani zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, ndikulemba ganyu aWopanga malonda oyendetsa malondawaKukhazikitsa Koyenera.
• Kuyerekeza:Amapereka ndalama zokuthandizani kuposa kuchuluka kwa mipata imodzi koma atha kukhala ndi mphamvu yotsika (ngati yakuda) ndi yofupikira pang'onoutali wamoyokuposaTsanzikapenaEkidm.
• Zabwino kwambiri: Nyumba zamalondaMukufuna zovuta,chosalowa madzi, wodalirikakachitidwe ka denga, makamaka kumenekuthamangitsa phaziikuyembekezeka.

Kusankha Ufulukachitidwe ka dengandi ndalama zambiri. Mwa kumvetsetsaUbwino ndi Chuma Chosasinthika, mutha kupanga chisankho chodziwikiratu kwambiriZosowa Zovalandi bajeti.