Asphalt vs TAR VS Bittumen: Kev txiav txim siab qhov sib txawv rau paving, tsheb, thiab kev siv

Tsis meej pem txogkev dub, kua nplaum dub, thiabbitumen? Koj tsis yog ib leeg. Cov ntsiab lus no feem ntau siv sib hloov pauv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tham txog txoj kev thiabkev tsav tsheb, tab sis lawv xa mus rau cov khoom sib txawv nrog cov keeb kwm sib txawv, cov khoom, thiab cov ntawv thov. Nkag siab lubQhov sib txawv ntawm bitumen, kua nplaum dub, thiabkev dubyog qhov tseem ceeb txawm tias koj koom nrogTxoj Kev Siv, cov ntaub ntawv tsev rau cov txheej txheem muaj cov txheej txheem zoo li txhuas smelting lossis steel raug, lossis tsuas yog xav paub txog cov khoom dub uas ua rau peb txoj kev. Kab lus no yuav demynstify cov ntaub ntawv no, piav qhia txhua yam yog, lawv txawv li cas (Asphalt vs TAR), thiab yog vim li cas xaiv txoj cai ib qho teeb meem rau kev ua tau zoo,yam ruaj khov, thiab tus nqi-ua hauj lwm zoo. Raws li lub Hoobkas nrog kev paub ntau hauv kev tsimdaim yas theeCov khoom lag luam thiab cov roj ntsha coke, peb mam li qhia txog kev nkag siab los pab koj kom tau txais kev txiav txim siab.

Dab tsi yog asphalt thawj zaug?

Kev dub, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawmTxoj Kev SivThiab paving, tsis yog ib yam khoom tab sis theej cov khoom siv sib xyaw. Xav txog nws zoo li cov pob zeb ua, uas sivxi meesRaws li aphau ntawvrauua aggregate(zoo li xuab zeb thiab pob zeb). Zoo sib xws,kev dubtxoj kev khaum yog feem ntau qhov sib xyaw ntawmua aggregate(cov pob zeb crushed, xuab zeb, lossis gravel, tsim qhov loj ntawm cov khoom siv) thiab aphau ntawvCov. Tusphau ntawvyog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas tuav covua aggregateUa ke, muab cov qauv qauv thiab yooj.

Feem ntauphau ntawvsiv hnub no rauua asphaltpavement yogbitumenCov. Nobitumenyog tov nrog ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawgua aggregate- Los ntawmtxhavpob zeb rauZoo sib sauzoo li xuab zeb - nrog rau atus muab tub limcov khoom siv. Cov feem sib txawv yog ua tib zoo tswj kom ua tiav cov kev ua tau zoo. Qhov sib tov yog rhaub (kub ntawm 300 thiab 350degrees Celsius), sib xyaw kom huv si, thiab tom qab ntawd nteg thiab compacted thaum tseem kub ua ibtiaj, Ntev saum npooCov. Yog li, thaum tib neeg tham txog ib tug "kev phem li txoj kev"lossis"Asphalt Kev Tsav Tsheb", lawv feem ntau yog xa mus raukev dubQhob, Ib tug precisely engineeredSib tov ntawm bitumenthiabua aggregate.

Niaj hnubkev dubKev sib xyaw yog tsim rau qee yamhuab cuaCov xwm txheej thiab thauj khoom. Cov khoom ntawm tusbitumen phau ntawvthiab hom / muab qhab nia ntawmua aggregateTseem cuam tshuam rau cov kev nqus cov kev tiv thaiv kom tawg, rutting, thiab noo noo kev puas tsuaj. Cov versatility ntawmkev dubtso cai rau cov engineers los tsim cov kev tsim nyog rau txhua yam ntawm thaj chawKev tsav tsheb thiab chaw nres tshebNtau rau kev loj-ua haujlwm txoj kev loj. Qhov no ua tib zoo sivAsphalt yog qhov sib xyawuas muab resilient thiabdej nplaimPeb vam khom txhua hnub.

TM piav qhia: Qhov twg los nws los thiab nws txawv li cas?

Tsis zoo likev dub(uas feem ntau sivbitumenmuab tau los ntawmroj av),kua nplaum dubyog ib yam khoom sib txawv.Kua nplaum dubfeem ntau yog aLos ntawm cov khoom lag luamtau los ntawmKev puas tsuaj distillation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv organicCov. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov khoom siv cua sov zoo liCoal lossis ntooThaum tsis muaj cua. Cov qauv feem ntau muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev paving keeb kwm thiab kev lag luam siv yogdaim yas thee, tsim thaum lub sij hawm coking txheej txheem uastheeyog rhuab los tsim coke (siv hauv steelmaking) thiab cov roj thee.

Daim yas theeyog tuab, dub,Kuamuaj kev sib txuam ntawmCov ntxhiab hydrocarbonsCov. Keeb Kwm,daim yas theetau siv raws li aphau ntawvhauv kev tsim kev, ua rau lub sij hawm "lub"(luv rau tarmacadam, ib txoj kev surfacing txoj kev patented los ntawm Edgar Purnell Hooley muaj kev cuam tshuamkua nplaum dubthiab pob zeb crushed). Txawm li cas los xij, nws siv hauv paving muaj ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, feem ntau vim yog kev txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv (vocs) nws tshaj tawm, tshwj xeeb thaum lub sijhawm cua sov thiab ntawv thov.

Thaum nws siv nyob rau hauvTxoj kev saum npooCov ntawv thov tau raug txwv tam sim no,daim yas theethiab nws distillates (zoo liCour tar lub taub hau flakes) Nyob twj ywm crucial raw khoom hauv ntau yam lag luam. Lawv siv nyob rau hauv kev ntau lawm cov vov tsev, yeeb nkabdaim plhaubenamels, frealants, xim av, thiab tseem ceeb, raws lilub khiRau cov tshuaj pab roj carbon electrodes siv hauv txhuas smelting thiab steelmaking. Qhov tshwj xeebTshuaj Tshuaj Muaj ZogntawmCour tar pitch, muab tau los ntawmthee, Ua rau nws yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw ua tau zoo thiab kev ua kom sov thiab muaj cov kab mob carbon. Nkag siab lubqhov sib txawv ntawm bitumen thiab tarpib nrog lawv keeb kwm:bitumenntawmCov roj uas muaj roj, kua nplaum dubntawmCoal lossis ntoodistillation.

Bitumen nthuav tawm: Puas yog lwm lub npe rau asphalt?

Ntawm no yog qhov twg ntau ntawm qhov tsis meej pem dag. Thaumkev dubthiabbitumenmuaj feem xyuam, lawv tsis zoo ib yam, txawm hais tias cov lus feem ntauSiv sib hloov pauv, tshwj xeeb hauv qee thaj tsam.Bitumenyog tusphau ntawvib feemnyob hauv kev dubkev pavement. Nws yog anplaum nplaum dub, maslojsemi-khov lossis kuamuab tau los ntawm roj avCov. Tshwj xeeb,bitumenyog qhov hnyav tshajfeemtau los ntawm cov fertionaldistillationntawmCov roj uas muaj roj- Nws yog qhov seem tshuav tom qab sib zog sib zog xws li roj av, diesel, thiab cov roj lubricating tau raug tshem tawm. Cov peev txheej no feem ntau hu uaNqus hauv qabnyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo.

Ntshiab bitumenyog qhov tseem ceebkua nplaumCov. Nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauvkev dubkev pavement yog los khi lubua aggregatehais (xuab zeb, gravel, craveled pob zeb) ua ke, tsim kom haum thiab ruaj khovtxoj kev yus taug kev saumqauv. Nws tseem muab cov yam ntxwv tsis muaj dej, tiv thaiv cov khaubncaws sab nraud ntawm txoj kev los ntawm cov dej ingress.Bitumennws tus kheej yog dhau lawm muag thiab kub-rhiab tau siv ua aTxoj kev saum npoontawm nws tus kheej; Nws xav tau cov qauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm covua aggregateCov. Xav txogbitumenraws li cov kua nplaum, thiabkev dubraws li cov qauv glued (aggregates thiab bitumenua ke).

Yog li, thaumbitumenyog tus yuam sijkhoom xyaw rauhauvkev dubtxoj kev pavement,kev dubhais txog qhovTag nrho cov khoom sivsiv rau paving. Hauv qee qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb (zoo li cov teb chaws Europe), "bitumen" yog cov lus qhia ntau dua los hais txog lub phau ntawv, thaum nyob rau hauv North America, "asphalt cemement" lossis tsuas yog "kev dub"Feem ntau siv rau cov phau ntawv, thiab"kev dubpob zeb ua "rau qhov kawg Pavement sib tov. Tsis hais txog lub homntis,bitumen yog cov nplaum, loj phau ntawvmuab tau los ntawmCov roj uas muaj roj, txawv ntawmkua nplaum dubuas los ntawmthee.

Asphalt vs tar vs bitumen: Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm thiab cov khoom?

Cia peb qhia meej meejQhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm asphalt, bitumen, thiabkua nplaum dubCov. Nkag siab cov kev sib txawv no tseem ceeb heev rau kev xaiv cov khoom siv tau rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, seb nws puas yog paving akev tsheblossis siv hauv cov txheej txheem muaj.

Lub hauv pausqhov sib txawv ntawm bitumen thiab tarlus dag hauv lawv qhov chaw:bitumenlos ntawmroj av, thaumkua nplaum dubKeeb kwm los ntawmthee(lossis qee zaum ntoo). Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv sib txawv hauv lawvTshuaj Tshuaj Muaj Zogthiab haum rau ntau yam kev siv.Kev dub, ces, yog cov khoom lag luamkev siv bitumenRaws li tusTus neeg saib xyuasrauua aggregatelos tsim ib lub zog ruaj khovtxoj kev yus taug kev saum nplaim. BitumenFeem ntau muajZoo dua cov khoom lag luamthiab qis duakub ua luamPiv rau ib txwmkua nplaum dub, ua rau nws xaiv qhov uas xav tau rau niaj hnubTxoj Kev Siv.

Muaj peev xwm tar tseem siv tau rau paving txoj kev thiab txoj kev tsheb?

Thaumkua nplaum dub(tshwj xeebdaim yas thee) yog ib qho khoom siv rau kev pua ua tiav yav dhau los, ua rau lo lus "lub, "Nws siv hauv niaj hnubTxoj Kev Sivthiab rau pavingkev tsav tshebtau poob qis hauv ntau lub teb chaws. Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog kev txhawj xeeb thiab ib qho kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig cuam tshuam nrog cov chaw sib txuas sib xyaw pom hauvdaim yas theeCov. Thaum rhuab rau daim ntawv thov,kua nplaum dubTso cov pa taws muaj peev xwm muaj cov tshuaj uas muaj teeb meem, suav nrog carcinogens. Tsis tas li ntawd,kua nplaum dub-Txoj kev foob cov uas siv rauKev tsav tsheb thiab chaw nres tshebNtau ntau tuaj yeem hnav thiab paug cov av uas nyob ze thiab dej.

Thiaj li,bitumen-Zasedkev dubmuaj ntau hloovkua nplaum dubrau cov ntawv thov paving.Kev dubSib xyaw sivbitumenFeem ntau tsis tshua muaj kev nyab xeeb los lis thiab tsim kom muaj kev phom sij rau thaum daim ntawv thov. Lawv kuj nyiam muab cov yam ntxwv zoo dua, suav nrog kev hloov pauv zoo duaCov huab cua sib txawv, txhim khoyam ruaj khov, thiab zoo dua tsis kam mus stripping (qhov twgphau ntawvcais tawm ntawm lubua aggregate). Thaum ib co kev siv niche lossis cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb tseem tuaj yeem sivkua nplaum dub-Zased cov khoom lag luam, tshwj xeeb rau kev sib sau, nws tsis yog tus qauv rau kev tshiabtxoj kev yus taug kev saumkev tsim kho.

Rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawmdaim yas thee, xws li qhov kub-ua tsis kam lossis cov kab mob carbon tshwj xeeb, nws siv txuas ntxiv hauv kev tswj hwm kev muaj chaw muaj kev lag luam. Qhov no suav nrog kev tsim khoomAsphalt tshwj xeeb rau Oilfield Additives, cov ntaub ntawv vov tsev, thiab qhov tseeb,Cour tar pitchRaws li aphau ntawvRau cov pa roj carbon electrodes hauv txhuas thiab steel kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, rau feem coob ntawm cov phiaj xwm paving (kev tsheb, kev tsav tsheb, Chaw nres tsheb),bitumen-Zasedkev dubyog cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv tseem ceeb.

Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj tshuaj ntawm bitumen thiab tar cuam tshuam lawv siv?

Qhov txawvTshuaj Tshuaj Muaj Zogntawmbitumenthiabkua nplaum dubyog lub luag haujlwm ncaj qha rau lawv tus cwj pwm sib txawv thiab kev siv.Bitumen, ua ib qho seem ntawmCov roj uas muaj roj distillation, muaj feem ntau ntawm cov hydrocarbon molecules loj, suav nrog asphaltenes, resins, thiab roj. Cov Cheebtsam no muabbitumennws cov yam ntxwvloj, kua nplaum, thiabdejcov khoom, ua rau nws zoo heevphau ntawvrauua aggregatehauvkev dubkev tsim txom. Nwskua nplaummus rau cov ntxhiaua aggregatemuaj zog, thiab nws cov khoom tuaj yeem hloov kho (piv txwv li, siv polymers) kom txhim kho kev ua tau zoo hauv kev ua tau zoohuab cuas los yog nyob rau hauv cov tsheb thauj khoom hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij,bitumentuaj yeem ua rau oxidation thiab kev laus dhau sijhawm, muaj peev xwm uankig.

Daim yas thee, tshwm sim los ntawm covKev puas tsuaj distillation ntawm cov thee, yog nplua nuj nyob hauvCov ntxhiab hydrocarbons, suav nrog polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS). Cov tshuaj pleev cov tshuaj no muabkua nplaum dubmuaj zog tiv taus dej thiab tshuaj lom neeg, uas yog vim li cas nws tau muaj nuj nqis nyob rau qeedaim plhaubthiab cov ntawv thov sib khi. Txawm li cas los xij,kua nplaum dubfeem ntau muaj siab duakub ua luamduabitumen, lub ntsiab lus nws sib xws pauv tau ntau dua nrog cov kev hloov pauv kub - nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov mos mos thiabnkignyob rau hauv txias. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov paab tsa kev txhawj xeeb thiab ib puag ncig kev txhawj xeeb, txwv tsis pub siv, tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntawv thov ua kom muaj kev sib cuag ncaj qha lossis kev ua kom muaj peev xwm ua kom paving.

Tej noTshuaj Tshuaj Muaj Zogtxiav txim siab lawv cov thawj.Bitumen'zoo heevCov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Adhesive, txheeb ze ruaj ntseg, thiab txo qis kev pheej hmoo noj qab haus huv ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau lub columes loj heev uas yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauvTxoj Kev Siv. Kua nplaum dubCov tshuaj lom tshwj xeeb cov qauv tshuaj thiab cov qauv ntawm cov pitch) ua rau nws tsis tseem ceeb rau kev siv Niche zoo li kev kub siablub khi(piv txwv li,Nruab nrab kub urhalt blockmuab tau los ntawm cov pob zeb tawg) rau cov electrodes, txheej txheem tshwj xeeb, thiab qee qhov kev sib foob. Tusqhov sib txawv ntawm bitumen thiab tarHauv cov qauv tshuaj lom neeg yog qhov laj thawj uas lawv tsis sib pauv tau rau feem ntau siv.

Dab tsi yog hom li qub hom asphalt siv hauv kev tsim kho?

Kev dubtsis yog ib-qhov loj-haum-txhua cov khoom siv. TxawvHom asphaltKev sib xyaw yog tsim rau ntau lub hom phiaj hauvTxoj Kev Sivthiab txij nkawm. Cov kev hloov pauv feem ntau koom nrog hom thiab qib ntawmbitumensiv, qhov loj thiab homua aggregate, cov feem sib txawv ntawm txhua feem ntawm, thiab ntxiv rau cov hloov kho tshiab. Nkag siab cov hom no pab hauv kev xaiv qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws thiabua hauj lwmdaws rau ib qho kev muab.

Nov yog qee yamHom asphalt:

1. Kev sib tov kub sib xyaw kub (HGA):Qhov no yog qhov dav tshaj plaws siv hom rau paving txoj kev loj,Txoj kev, thiabkev tsav tsheb. Ua aggregatethiabbitumenyog rhuab (feem ntau ntawm300 thiab 350 degrees Celsius) thiab sib xyaw ntawm ibkev dubTsob nroj ua ntej raug xa mus rau lub xaib, nteg, thiab compacted thaum kub. Nws muab lub zog,ruaj khov, thiabtiaj nplaimCov. Kev hloov pauv muaj nyob hauv HGA, xws li ntom-graded sib tov (zoo txhua-ncig ua haujlwm), pob zeb matrixkev dub(SMA) (High Rut tsis kam rau cov tsheb hnyav), thiab qhib-graded sib tov (zoo kua, txo lub suab nrov).
2. Sov sib xyaw Asphalt (Wma):Zoo ib yam li HMA, tab sis ua thiab thov ntawm qis dua kub (feem ntau 20-40 ° C qis dua). Qhov no ua tiav siv cov tshuaj ntxiv lossis cov txheej txheem uas txo covviscosityntawm lubbitumen phau ntawvCov. WMA muaj cov txiaj ntsig ib puag ncig (qis plab zom mov, tsis tshua noj roj) thiab tso cai rau huab cua ntev ntev thiab txias huab cua.
3. Ntsej sib xyaw Asphalt)Hom no siv abitumen emulsionlos yog txiavbitumenuas tsis xav tau cua sov rau daim ntawv thov. Nws feem ntau siv rau patching potholes, kho ib ntus, lossis paving qis txoj kev tsheb khiav lossiskev tsav tshebCov. Nws feem ntau tsawg duaruaj khovTshaj li HMA tab sis yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua rau kev thov, tshwj xeeb rau cov haujlwm me lossis chaw deb.
4. Mastic asphalt:Muaj tuab heev, kev sib xyaw kom sib xyaw nrog lub siabbitumencov ntsiab lus. Nws feem ntau tau hliv ntau dua li yob thiab muab tau zoo heevdejtej thiabyam ruaj khovCov. Siv rau choj lawj, vov tsev, pem teb, thiab tshwj xeebTxoj kev saum npooCov ntawv thov.
5. Hloov Asphalt:Qhov no cuam tshuam cov polymers lossis lwm yam kev hloov kho rau covbitumen phau ntawvTxhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom tshwj xeeb zoo li elasticity, tiv taus mus rutting lossis tawg, thiab kev ua tau zoo thoob plaws ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Cov khoom lag luam zoo liHloov asphaltlossisXav kub ayphaltPoob rau hauv pawg no, ua kom haum rau cov kev xav tau.

Xaiv hom kev ncaj ncees yog nyob ntawm yam zoo li cov tsheb sib sau,huab cua, pob nyiaj siv, yuav tsum muaj lub neej, thiab kev ua tau zoo ua tau ntawm lubtxoj kev yus taug kev saum.

Vim li cas thiaj li tswj hwm yog li tseem ceeb heev thaum sourcing asphalt thiab tar khoom?

Rau cov tub ceev xwm muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li Marcount Thompson, cov ntaub ntawv sourcing zoo likev dubCov (bitumen) lossis kev lag luamkua nplaum dubCov khoom lag luam (zoo liCour tar pitch) cuam tshuam ntau dua li nrhiav tus nqi qis tshaj. Kev tswj hwm zoo yog qhov ua tau vim kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ntev ntawm cov khoom kawg - seb nws yog aTxoj kev saum npoo, ib qho txhuas anode, lossis tiv thaivdaim plhaub- Muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom ntawm phau ntawv no. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws lossis off-spec cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua rau thaum ntxov ua tiav, kev kho tus nqi, ntau lawm downtime, thiab txawm tias muaj kev nyab xeeb ntau.

Ua kom muaj cov khoom lag luam zoo ib yam pib nrog tus xa khoom tsim khoom lag luam. Cov chaw muag khoom kom zoo, xws li peb lub Hoobkas nyob hauv Suav teb nrog 7 cov kab ntau lawm, siv cov kev kuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw (Cov roj uas muaj rojFeembitumen, nyoosdaim yas theerau suab) los saib xyuas cov txheej txheem tsis sib haum (distillationQhov kub thiab txias, sib piv sib xyaw) thiab kuaj cov khoom kawg. Cov kev tsis tseem ceeb raubitumenXws li cov qib kev nkag siab (Hardness), softening point (kub tiv taus), viscosity, thiab ductility. RauCour tar pitch, tseem ceeb heev yog softening taw tes, coking tus nqi, quinoline insoles (qi), uas cuam tshuam rau nws txoj kev ua tau zoo li aphau ntawvhauv electrodes.

Cov neeg yuav khoom xav paub tseeb tias cov khoom uas lawv tau txais raws li cov lus qhia uas yuav tsum muajTxhua lub sijhawmCov. Qhov no cuam tshuam nrog cov ntawv txheeb xyuas cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, nkag siab txog cov khoom siv tswj hwm zoo (E.G., ISO muaj ntawv pov thawj kev ntsuas lossis daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev tsom xam. Rau cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, cov neeg yuav khoom yuav ua lawv txoj kev ntsuam xyuas ywj siab rau kev kuaj ua ntej lees txais cov zaub mov xa tuaj. Kev nqis peev hauv cov kev tswj kom zoo tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntau cov nqi loj dua thiab cov mob taub hau nqes ntawm cov kab uas ua tsis tiav. Qhov kev rau siab no yog qhov tseem ceeb thaum cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo likev dubthiabkua nplaum dub, qhov twg hloov maj mam hloov tau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ua tau zoo tiag.

Kev Pom Zoo thiab Logistics: Cov neeg yuav khoom zoo li Malompson yuav tsum paub

Tshaj dhau cov khoom lag luam zoo, cov neeg yuav khoom thoob ntiaj teb zoo li Malompson, sourcingkev dubthiabkua nplaum dubCov khoom lag luam los ntawm cov teb chaws zoo li Tuam Tshoj lossis Nyab Laj, lub ntsej muag cov nyom ntsig txog cov ntawv pov thawj thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Ua kom muaj kev ua kom zoo dua thiab zam kom qeeb yuav tsum tau qeeb yuav tsum tau ceev mloog rau cov kev sib tham no. Tus neeg muab khoom yuav tsum muab cov ntaub ntawv raug thiab raug txheeb xyuas kom tau raws li cov cai ntshuam thiab ua kom cov neeg yuav tsum tau ua.

Muaj ntawv pov thawj:Cov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb feem ntau suav nrog:

• Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo:ISO 9001 Daim ntawv pov thawj muab pov hwm muab kev pab txhawb ntawm cov qauv kev tswj hwm zoo.
• Kev ua raws ib puag ncig:Nyob ntawm cov khoom thiab nws qhov kawg siv, cov ntawv pov thawj ntsig txog cov qauv ib puag ncig ib puag ncig (piv txwv li cov kev cai tshuaj (nyiam mus txog hauv Tebchaws Europe) yuav tsim nyog. Cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum ceev faj ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj kev dag, ib qho kev paub mob, thiab yuav tsum xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj ywj siab yog ua tau.
• Cov Khoom Qhia Khoom:Daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev tsom xam (COA) rau txhua pob, lees tias tuskev dub, bitumen, lossiskua nplaum dubCov khoom ua tau raws li kev pom zoo-raws li kev tshwj xeeb, yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Logistics:Kev ntsuas hluavtistics yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob raug xa mus qeeb, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov caij nyoog tsim khoom. Cov kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb suav nrog:

• Ntim:Cov khoom lag luam zoo liCour tar pitchlossis tawvbitumentej zaum yuav raug xa tawm hauv hnab, nruas, lossis cov khoom tawv. KuabitumenYuav tsum tau muaj cov cua sov uas muaj cua sov los yog ntim. Kev ntim khoom kom tsim nyog thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb tuav.
• Cov nqe lus shipping (incoterms):Qhia meej meej rau kev xa khoom, kev pov hwm, thiab kev lis kev fajseeb khomob (piv txwv li, FOB, CIF) yog qhov tseem ceeb.
• Cov kab lus thauj khoom & lub sijhawm Transit:Ua haujlwm nrog txhim kho cov kab thauj khoom thiab nkag siab txog lub sijhawm muaj tseeb pab rau hauv kev npaj.
• Kev Kho Mob Customs:Ua kom txhua cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb (cov ntaub ntawv sau nqi, cov ntawv sau npe, daim ntawv pov thawj) yog qhov tseeb thiab muab cov ntawv pov thawj du kev lis kev cai kom meej rau hauv lub tebchaws (piv txwv li.
• Kev Sib Txuas Lus:Ua ntej sib txuas lus los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom txog cov xwm txheej xa tuaj, yuav muaj peev xwm qeeb, thiab cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev sib txuas lus tsis zoo yog qhov kev ntxhov siab loj rau cov neeg yuav khoom.

Kev daws cov ntsiab lus no - sib tham txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, thiab tsim kev sib txuas lus kom haum rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj tebTAR thiab asphaltCov khoom lag luam.

Xaiv koj cov chaw muag khoom: yam dhau ntawm tus nqi asphalt thiab bitumen

Thaum sib tw nqi yog ib txwm yog ib qho, cov tub ceev xwm tshaj lij nkag siab tias kev xaiv ib qho khoom siv tseem ceeb likev dub, bitumen, lossisdaim yas theeCov khoom lag luam cuam tshuam nrog kev ntsuas ntau dua li qhov nqi ib tuj. Kev ntseeg tau, qhov zoo sib xws, kev txhawb nqa kev pab, thiab kev sib txuas lus yog qhov sib luag, tseem ceeb rau kev sib koom ua ke ntev ntev. Sourcing los ntawm kev tsim cov teb chaws zoo li Tuam Tshoj tuaj yeem muab nqi txiaj ntsig, tab sis yuav tsum tau ceev faj tus neeg xa khoom.

Qhov tseem ceeb yam los txiav txim siab thaum xaiv ib tus neeg xa khoom:

1. Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ua pov thawj & kev paub:Saib kom tsim cov chaw ua haujlwm nrog xyoo kev paub hauv kev tsim cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb uas koj xav tau (piv txwv li,Nruab nrab kub ayhalt, Xav kub ayphalt, Cour tar pitch). Kev paub ntau zaus rau cov txheej txheem tswj kom zoo dua thiab teeb meem-daws lub peev xwm. Peb liZoo Tshaj Plaws Thuam Tar Suab Hoobkas thiab TsumTus kheej hais lus rau qhov no.
2. Ntau Lawm Muaj Peev Xwm & Muaj peev xwm:Nco ntsoov tias tus neeg xa khoom muaj peev xwm txaus (zoo li peb cov kab ntau yam) kom tau raws li koj cov khoom yuav tsum tau ua cov qib tshwj xeeb lossis hloov cov khoom uas koj xav tau.
3. Cov Tshuab Tswjhwm Zoo:Txheeb xyuas lawv cov txheej txheem tswj kom zoo thiab ntawv pov thawj (ISO 9001). Puas yog lawv kam muab cov txiaj ntsig kev ntsuas batch thiab ua raws li kev kuaj xyuas thib peb?
4. Kev txawj ntse technotise:Txawm hais tias tus neeg yuav khoom tsis yog tus kws tshaj lij, tus neeg xa khoom yuav tsum muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm paub tau tias tuaj yeem sib tham txog cov lus qhia, kev siv, thiab cov teeb meem, thiab muaj teeb meem. Thaum lub cim cim pom kev muag khoom, muaj tus xa khoom tuaj cuag leej twgpuasNkag siab txog sab khoom yog qhov tsis muaj peev xwm.
5. Kev Sib Txuas Lus & Kev Sib Txuas Lus:Ntsuas lawv cov qauv sib txuas lus. Puas yog lawv ua kom sai, meej, thiab proactive? Kev sib txuas lus tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev daws teeb meem thiab tswj cov teeb meem kev tswj hwm kom zoo, hais txog qhov mob taw tes.
6. Logistics & ntaub ntawv:Ntsuam xyuas lawv cov kev paub nrog kev xa tawm rau koj lub tebchaws (Tebchaws Asmeskas, Europe, thiab lwm yam). Lawv puas tuaj yeem siv cov ntim uas xav tau, kev npaj khoom thauj khoom, thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv raug ntseeg tau tseeb?
7. Kev ntseeg tau & kev ntseeg siab:Saib rau pob tshab thiab muaj kev txaus siab los tsim kev sib raug zoo mus ntev. Cov ntawv tuaj ntsib lossis chaw mus xyuas (yog tias ua tau) tuaj yeem pab tsim kev ntseeg siab. Mus Koom Kev Lag Luamkev nthuav tawmyog txoj hauv kev zoo rau cov rooj sib tham timerers-rau-ntsej muag thiab ntsuas lawv cov kev tshaj lij.

Xee siab rau tus nqi qis dua tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi tsis tshua muaj feem xyuam nrog cov khoom tsis zoo, xa khoom qeeb, lossis kev sib txuas lus. Ib tug neeg muab kev txhim khu kev qha yog tus khub hauv koj txoj kev vam meej.

Txoj kev ua ntej: muaj kev ruaj khov thiab rov ua dua nyob rau hauv asphalt kev lag luam

Lub neej tom ntejTxoj Kev SivThiab tuskev dubKev lag luam tau tsom mus rau kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov thiab lub luag haujlwm ib puag ncig. Thaumkev dubPawm tau paub rau lawvyam ruaj khovthiab kujua hauj lwmTus nqi kav, kev siv zog yog txoj kev ua kom lawv tau txais ntsuab.UbnoUa lub luag haujlwm loj loj hauv qhov no.

Asphalt paviyog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Rov ua dua cov asphalt pavement txoj kev (rap) tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm cov kev qub, crushed, thiab suav rau hauv cov xovxwm kub tshiabkev dubCov. Siv Rap txo qhov xav tau rau nkauj xwbbitumenthiabua aggregate, conserverving cov peev txheej ntuj thiab txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob thaum ntau lawm. Cov feem pua ​​ntawm rap tuaj yeem siv tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov kev ua haujlwm, uakev dubIb txoj kev xaiv muaj kev xaiv rauTxoj kev chawCov. Cov tswv yim xws li sov sib tovKev dub(Wma) tseem pab los ntawm kev txo cov ntsuas kub uas tsawg dua, txo cov roj kev siv thiab cov pa hluav taws xob.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb nrhiav tseem txuas ntxiv mus rau kev tsim cov roj bio-khi (muab los ntawm cov roj cog qoob loo lossis cov khoom pov tseg) raws li kev hloov pauv ib nrab rau roj avbitumenCov. Kev nrhav hauv txoj kev pavement los tsim txoj kev ntev dua - uas yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ua tiav thiab kev nce qib ib puag ncig thiab tus nqi kav ntev ntxiv. Kev lag luam kuj tseem tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawmkev dubsiv cov qauv hloov siab dua thiab cov ntxiv, ua rau cov kev ua kom pua ​​uas zoo dua nrog cov tsheb hnyav thiab huabhuab cuaCov xwm txheej, txuas ntxiv lawv txoj kev pabcuam lub neej thiab pab txhawb kom tag nrho kev ruaj khov. Thaum cov khoom lag luam ib txwm nyiambitumennyob ruaj khov, tsav mus rau ntsuab cov kev daws teeb meem yog rov kho duakev dubtoj roob hauv pes.

Tseem ceeb takaways: asphalt vs tar vs bitumen

Txhawm rau sai sai cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:

• Bitumen:Ib qho dub,loj, kua nplaum phau ntawvmuab tau los ntawm covdistillationntawmCov roj uas muaj roj (roj av). Nws yog "kua nplaum" hauvkev dubkev pavement.
• Tar (thee tar):Ib qho dub,Kuatsim los ntawmKev puas tsuaj distillation ntawm cov theeCov. Tshuaj txawv txawv los ntawmbitumen, Nrog cov ntsiab lus muaj ntxhiab cov ntsiab lus thiab cuam tshuam kev txhawj xeeb txog kev txhawj xeeb uas txwv tsis pub siv cov paving. Tseem tseem ceeb rau qee cov ntawv thov kev lag luam (piv txwv li, electrode binders zoo liCour tar pitch).
• Asphalt (Paart):Ib qho khoom siv sib xyaw ua los ntawm kev sib xyawbitumen(tusphau ntawv) nrogua aggregate(pob zeb, xuab zeb, pob zeb). Cov sib tov no cov ntawv sau ruaj khovnplaimrau txoj kev,kev tsav tsheb, thiab lwm yam.
• Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb:Lub hauv paus chiv (roj avvs.thee), tshuaj lom neeg (aliphatic vs. muaj ntxhiab), daim ntawv thov tseem ceeb, thiab cov khoom noj qab haus huv / ib puag ncig kev noj qab haus huv.
• Paving hnub no: Bitumen-Zasedkev dubyog tus qauv rau niaj hnubTxoj Kev Sivvim muaj kev ua tau zoo dua thiab txo qis kev pheej hmoo piv raukua nplaum dub. Kua nplaum dubyog tsis tshua siv rau paving tshiab txoj kev.
• Cov Teeb Meem Zoo:Cov ntawv pov thawj zoo ib yam, cov ntawv pov thawj kom tau txais, thiab cov peev txheej ua tau zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev thaum sourcingkev dubbinders lossiskua nplaum dubcov khoom lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Xaiv cov neeg xa khoom raug rau kev saib dhau ntawm tus nqi.
• Kev Ua Neeg Muaj Peev Xwm:Tuskev dubKev lag luam yog hnyav tsom rauubno(Rap) thiab tsim cov thev naus laus zis zoo li WMA thiab bio-binders.

Nkag siab txog cov kev sib txawv no pab hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv kom raug thiab cov neeg xa khoom rau ntau yam kev tsim kho thiab kev lag luam xav tau.