ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ka asphalt, bithumen, a hoʻopaʻaʻia: nā meaʻokoʻa a me nā mea i nā haʻawina a me nā noi i kēia kūkulu alanui

Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i nā alanui kūkulu hale a iʻole nā ​​noi hana e koi ana i nāʻoihana ikaika ikaika, nā hua'ōlelo e like me'Āpils, BourMen, akaue hele pinepine ana. ʻOiai i kekahi manawa i hoʻohana pūʻia i loko o ke kamaʻilio kāne, nā mea maʻamau, nā waiwai, a me nā mea hoʻohana. Maopopo i kaʻokoʻa ma waena o ka asphalta he mea nui kēia mau mea e pili ana i nā mea i loko o kaPaʻi alanuiʻoihana, a iʻole no nāʻoihana e like me nā smreet alumini a me nā kiloki keleawe i loaʻa iā lākou. E hana hohonu kēiaʻatikala i nā mea e pono ai i kēlā me kēia mea e hana ai, a me nā noi mua, a no ke aha e koho ana i nā mea kūpono, e like me kahi kiko'ī kūponoʻano asphalt, he mea nui no ka kūleʻa. E like me ka hale hana me nā laina ehiku e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i nā huahana coal tal soke a me ka pipi coke, mākou, maZgfty, uaʻike muaʻia keʻano o ke koʻikoʻi o kēiaʻike no kā mākou mea kūʻai aku, mai ka USA a me Australia. E pā aku kākou i ke ala e noʻonoʻo ai!

ʻO kēiaʻatikala e heluhelu ai no ka mea e:

• Wehewehe maopopo'Āpils, BourMen, akau.
• E wehewehe i kanāʻokoʻa kīi kā lākou huiʻana awaiwai a me nā hoʻohana.
• Kūkākūkā i nā mea likeʻoleʻano o ka asphalta me ko lakou kūpono no nā hana likeʻole.
• Hōʻike i ka mea nui o kēia mau mea i lokoPaʻi alanuia me nāʻoihana'ē aʻe.
• Hāʻawi i nā meaʻike i ka hanaʻanakumukūʻai-maikaʻinā koho me kaʻole o ka hoʻopiʻiʻana i ka maikaʻi, kahi hopohopo nui no nā luna koʻikoʻi e like me nā luna o Mark Thompson.

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E hoʻomaka kākou me nā kumu kumu. Pinepine, e hilahila nā kānaka ma waena'ĀpilsaBourMen. ^. I nā wahi he nui o ka honua, kūikawā maʻAmelikaʻAmelika, "'Āpils"E pili ana i ka hana likeʻole i hoʻohanaʻia no nā ala pākuʻi.ʻO kēia hui pūʻana i maʻamauBourMen, Aggregate(E like me ke one, spivel, a iʻole he pōhaku paha), a i kekahi manawa. Pēlā,ʻO Asphalt kahi huiIA MEABourMenhana e like me kakaulike. ^. E noʻonoʻo e like me kahi keke:BourMenʻO nā hua a me nāʻaila e paʻa ana i ka palaoa (aggregarate) e hana i ka pōpō hope (ʻO Asphalt Pavement).

Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe,BourMenheʻO ka wai paʻakaia iʻole heʻano semi-solid opetroleum. ^. Heʻeleʻele, e hoʻopili, aʻO ka Viscous nui loawaiwai maoli e kū pono ana a loaʻa paha e like me ka mea e like me kapetroleumE hōʻoluʻolu. Pēlā,BourMenʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nuii 'Āpils. ^. Ka hua'ōlelo "BourMen"ʻOi aku ka maʻamau maʻamau maʻEulopa a me nā'āina'ē aʻe e kuhikuhi i kēia mea hoʻopaʻa inoa.ʻO kāna hana mua e hoʻopaʻa i kaAggregatenā'āpana, hāʻawi i ka ikaika,durability, a me ka wai wai i ka'Āpilshui pū. Ka maikaʻi o kaBourMenka hopena nui i ka hana o kaʻO Asphalt Pavement, e pili ana i kona paleʻana iCrackka hoʻokumuʻana a me ka nānāʻana ma lalokaumaha pwerada me na mea oleNā kūlanaʻano.

ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana he mea nui kēiaʻano. I ka wā e makemake ai kahi mea kūʻai aku ma Mark Thompson mai nā'ōlelo Hawaiʻi e pili ana i ke kūʻaiʻana aku "asphalt," i kekahi manawa,ʻoi aku paha,ʻoi aku ka nuiBithumen Binderiho, ma muli o ka pili o kānaʻoihana no ke kūʻaiʻana i nāʻoihana kūkulu alanui. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau mākou i kēia e hōʻoia i ka hāʻawiʻana iā mākou e hāʻawi pono i ka mea e pono ai.

2. E weheweheʻia:ʻo ia wale nō kahi inoa inoa no Asphalt a iʻole Bithumen?

I kēia manawa, ma heakaukomo i loko o kēia kiʻi?Kau, keena kūikawākau, heʻokoʻa'ē aʻe'ĀpilsaBourMeni kona kumu. OiaiBourMenoei loaʻa mai i ka petroleum, Coalkauhe waiwai o ka carbionization o ka coal, maʻamau pinepine i ka hanaʻana i ka hana o ka coke no kaʻoihana kila a iʻole nā ​​mea kila kila. He mea nui, pouli, aʻO ka wai paʻakai, nuiE like me Bithumen, aka, heʻokoʻa konaʻano camporic. Kehā Hema, Calkaujiihoʻohana maʻamauNo ke ala alanui e hele ana a me ka wai wai, akā, ka hoʻohanaʻana i lokoPaʻi alanuiua hōʻole nuiʻia i nā wahi he nui ma muli oNā noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻoa me ka hana nui loa opetroleum-HikiBourMenI nā noi he nui.

Kekahi onāʻokoʻa kīʻo iakauʻO ka maʻamau ka nui o nāʻike kiʻekiʻe o nā hoʻohui hoʻohuihui i hoʻohālikelikeʻiaBourMen. ^. ʻOiai e like paha nā mea waiwai e like me kaʻilihopena kaiaulu. ^. ʻo kahi laʻana,kauhiki ke hiki ke maʻalahi i ka loliʻana i nā loli hoʻololi a hoʻokuʻu paha i nā hui pūʻana o nā collatile I kēia mau lā, nā huahana e like meʻO nā coal tack pitch flakesua waiwai nuiʻia no nā noi pili pilikino, e like me ka hanaʻana o nā mea uila, revigs, a me nā lole,ʻaʻole ma ka ikaikaKe hana nei e hana ana. ^. No laila,ʻaʻole,kauʻAʻole kekahi inoa'ē aʻe no'ĀpilsOoleBourMen; Heʻokoʻa iamea kūʻai.

He mea nui ia no nā mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomaopopo i ka mea eʻimi ana lākou i nā mea hana i ke alanui,ʻo lākou nō lākou i ka mākeke no'Āpils(ka hui) a iʻoleBourMen(ka binder). Inā makemake ko lākou mau pono no nā kaʻina hanaʻoihana maʻamau, a laila kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻekauʻO nā huahana paha ka mea e pono ai lākou. Hana mākou i kahi o nā coalkaunā huahana, aʻokoʻa nā noi o kā lākou noiʻana mai kēlā mauAseroleum asphalt'ālana.

3. He aha nāʻano nui o ka asphalt i hoʻohanaʻia ma ke kūkuluʻana?

Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou'ĀpilsNo ke kūkuluʻana,ʻoi loaPaʻi alanui,ʻaʻole ia he mea nui-kūpono-kūpono-āpau. Aiaʻano likeʻole o ka asphalt,ʻo kēlā me kēia hoʻolālā no nā kumu kūikawā, e piʻi ana, a me nā ukana kaʻa. Ke koho oʻano asphalthiki ke hopena nui i ka lōʻihi a me ka hana o kaPākuʻina.

Eia kekahihoʻohana maʻamau asphaltNāʻano:

• ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi (HMA):ʻO kēia ka nui loaHoʻohanaʻiaʻo Asphaltno ka hana ana. Ua hanaʻia e ka hoʻomehanaBourMene hoʻemi i kona mau viscosity a e hoʻomaloʻo i kaAggregatee wehe i ka mistiture ma mua o ka huiʻana. 'ŌleloKāIʻi like me ASPALTA laila e hāʻawiʻia, i hoʻopaʻaʻia, a hoʻopaʻaʻia i ka wā wela. Ua kaulanaʻo HMA no kona ikaika,durability, a me ka kūpono no nā wahi kiʻekiʻe e like me nā alanui kiʻekiʻe a me nā pae mokulele. Hāʻawi pinepine mākou i ka maikaʻi-maikaʻiBourMenno ka procestion hma.
• ʻO keʻano like me ka asphalt (WMA):Ua hanaʻiaʻo WMA ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o HMA (maʻamau 20-40 ° C haʻahaʻa). Loaʻaʻia kēia ma o ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā hoʻohui kūikawā a iʻole nā ​​kaʻina hana eʻae i kaBourMene hao i kaAggregatemaikaʻi loa i kēia mau hōʻemimahana kiʻekiʻe. ^. Nā pōmaikaʻi e pili ana i kaʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa aemishiI ka wā hana, he puka aniani hou, a hoʻomaikaʻi i nā kūlana hana hana.
• ʻO keʻano o keʻanoʻo Asphalt (cma): ʻO keʻano o keʻano like me ka asphaltua hanaʻia e ka emulisfying i kaBourMenme ka wai a me kahi mea e koi ana ma mua o ka hoʻohuiʻana me iaAggregate. ^. Okola HamiaʻO keʻano o keʻano like me ka asphaltʻaʻole koi i ka hoʻomehana a hiki ke noiʻia make wela. ^. Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ia no ka patholestles, he ukiuki pōkole, a pale i nā alanui haʻahaʻa a iʻole nā ​​alanui alanui. ʻOiaiʻaʻole like me ka hma no ka hma no ka muaPae alanuiNā noi, hekumukūʻai-maikaʻihopena no nā hoʻoponopono a me nā mea liʻiliʻi e koi ai i nā kūlana.
• Kālekaʻo Poous:ʻO kēiaʻano o ka asphaltLoaʻa i kahi pākeke kiʻekiʻe o nā leo o nā ea, eʻae i ka wai e huki i kaPākuʻinapapa i loko o kahi pōhaku stone recharge moe ma lalo. Kōkua kēia e hōʻemi i ka wai wai, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paleʻana o ka skid, a hōʻemiHua leo. ^. He'Āpana HoʻohanohanoKe koho no ka hoʻokeleʻana i ka Stormwater.
• Masphalt asphalt (a iʻole asphalt mastic):He kuhi hewa kēia, hōʻoleʻole'Āpilsi hanaʻia me kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻeBourMenʻike. He mea weliweli loa, nā wai wai, a hoʻohana pinepineʻia no nā noi loea e like me keʻano he bry, a me ka papahele.
• Hoʻololiʻiaʻo Asphalt:E hoʻonui i ka hana,BourMenhiki ke hoʻololiʻia me nā polymers a iʻole nā ​​hoʻohui'ē aʻe.Hoʻololiʻia asphaltHāʻawi i ke kū'ē i ka paleʻana i ka hōʻehaʻana, eʻoki ana i ka momona, a me keʻano haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia ke kūpono no nā wahi mekaumaha pwerada iʻoleNā kūlanaʻano.

Ke kohoʻana i ka'ākauʻano asphalthe hoʻoholo koʻikoʻi i kekahihanaʻoihana hana. ^. E pili ana ia i ka mālamaʻana i nā mea e like me ka nui o nā kaheʻana i ka nui o ka holoʻana, ka nui, kālā, a makemakeʻia i makemakeʻia o kaPākuʻina. ^. Ma kahi mea kūʻai aku, hana pū mākou me kā mākou mea kūʻai aku e hoʻomaopopo i kā lākou mau pono kūikawā'Āpilsa hoʻolako i ka papa kūpono oBourMena iʻole kūikawā'Āpilshuahana.

4 No ke aha ke kumu o ka asphalt i nā mea nui no nā hana kūkulu alanui?

'Āpilsua lilo i mea alakaʻi noPaʻi alanuihonua, a no ke kumu maikaʻi. ʻO kona hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohuiʻana o nā mea i hana i nā mea kūpono e kūpono ai no ka hoʻokumuʻana i ka paʻakikī, akumukūʻai-maikaʻi Pae alanuiNā hopena. Ma luna o 90% o nā alanui i hoʻopaʻaʻia ma USA, no ka laʻana, e hele pū ana me'Āpils. ^. ʻAʻole kēia e hele ma ka pōʻino!

Kekahi o nā kumu mua no'Āpils'sandleloʻo S kaulanaʻo ia ka hana maikaʻi loa.Nā wahi Asphalthe mea maʻalahi, keʻano he hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻaʻia i nā wahi liʻiliʻi a me nā neʻeʻoleCrackhana. Hāʻawi kēia wikiwiki i kahi kiʻi a me ka holoʻana a me ka holoʻana e hoʻohālikelikeʻia aiPākuʻinaʻano, hoʻemiHua leo. ^. Oiai, ka hakahakaNā alanui AsphaltHāʻawi i ka paleʻana i ka skid maikaʻi,ʻo ia ka mea nui no ka palekana o ka kaʻa. 'Ōlelodurabilityo kahi hoʻolālā maikaʻi a kūkuluʻiaʻO Asphalt Pavementʻo keʻano hiki ke mālamaʻO ka huakaʻi kaumaha a me nāʻano likeʻolehana maikaʻi loa i nā makahiki he nui.

ʻO kekahi mea kūpono maikaʻi loa'Āpilshe 100% recyclable.Ua hoʻihoʻi houʻiaʻo Asphalt Asphalt(Rap) hiki ke hoʻohuiʻia i loko o ka houʻO nā hui asphalum, ka hoʻemiʻana i ka pono no nā mea wahine a me ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā'āina. Hana kēia'Āpilskahi loa'Āpana HoʻohanohanoKūlanaua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nā kumuwaiwai'ē aʻe. ^. Ka hiki ke'ōwili hoʻohanaʻia he asphaltʻaʻole wale wale nō e mālama i nā waiwai kūlohelohe e like meAggregateaBourMenakā, kōkua hoʻi hoʻi i ka hōʻemiʻana i ka holoʻokoʻakumukūʻai-maikaʻiNature oke kūkulu alanui a me ka mālamaʻana. ^. Mai kā mākouʻike,ʻo ka noi no ka maikaʻi kiʻekiʻeBourMenhiki i kēlā mea kūpono ke hoʻohuiʻia i ka rap e hoʻonuiʻia e like me ke kūpaʻa nui e lilo i mea nui loa.

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E like me kā mākou i paʻi ai,BourMenʻo ia ka herring koa i loko'Āpilsnā hana pilikino. Hana pinepine ia ma kahi o 5% o kaasphalt huiMa ke kaupaonaʻana, akāʻo kāna hana e like mekaulikehe mea koʻikoʻi loa i ka hana adurabilityo kaʻO Asphalt Pavement. ^. Ke ole wahoBourMen, 'ĀpilsE lilo wale nō i kahi pileAggregate.

ʻO ka hana mua oBourMenʻo ia e hoʻopaʻa i kanā aggregates a me nā bithumenpū kekahi, e hana ana i kahi o ka pā'ālua a me ka nui. ʻO kēiaViscousnā mea waiwai i kaAggregatenā mea, e hana ana i nā paʻa paʻa ikaika. Hāʻawi kēia mau mea i ka'ĀpilsMe kona ikaika e pale aku i nā kaumaha i kauʻia e nā mea hoʻokele a me nā kumu kaiāulu. Ka maikaʻi a me keʻano oUa hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Bithumene hoʻoikaika pololei i ka'ĀpilsʻO ka paleʻana i nā pilikia likeʻole e like me ka ruting (nā kaumaha i nā alahele o ka huila), i ka hukiʻana i ke aniani). Nā heluʻokoʻa oBourMeni kuhikuhiʻia no nā mea likeʻole a me nā kūlana kaʻa e hōʻoia ai i ka hana maikaʻi. No ka lano, he hau hauolibithumen pahae hoʻohanaʻia i loko o ka piʻiʻana e pale aku ai i ka paleʻana,ʻoiai he paʻakikīBourMenua makemakeʻia ma ka piʻiʻana o ka wela e pale i ka rutting.

Oiai, ka hakahakaBourMenHāʻawi i ka wai wai i kaʻO Asphalt Pavement. ^. E hoʻopiha ana i nā lanakila ma waenaAggregateʻO nā poʻe, pale i ka wai mai ka komoʻana i kaPākuʻinaʻano. He mea nui kēia no ka mea hiki i ka wai wai ke nāwaliwali i nā papa lalo o ke ala, e alakaʻi ana i ka maikaʻiʻole. Keʻano kūpono oBourMenKōkua e pale i kaPākuʻinakumu a hoʻonui i kona ola lawelawe. E like me kahi mea hoʻolako o nā helu likeʻole, e komo pūʻO ke Aliʻi kūpeʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻea me nā huahana waena, hoʻomaopopo mākou i ka hāʻawiʻana i ka ponoBourMenke kī e hoʻokō i ka lōʻihi lōʻihiNā alanui Asphalt.

6. Ma waho o nā alanui: nā waiwai Deaverse a me nā hoʻohanaʻana i nā huahana asphalt a me nā huahana bithumen

OiaiPaʻi alanuiʻo ia ka palapalaʻike maikaʻi loa,ʻo kaʻokoʻawaiwai a me nā hoʻohanano'ĀpilsaBourMene hoʻolōʻihi i kahi ākea o nāʻano hanaʻoihana'ē aʻe a me nāʻoihanaʻoihana. ʻO kā lākou wai wai maikaʻi maikaʻi loa a me nā hiʻohiʻona e hana i nā hana waiwai a me nā kaʻina hana a me nā kaʻina hana hana.

Eia kahi nānā i kekahi mau noi noi:

• ROOTING: BourMenua hoʻohana nuiʻia ma ka hanaʻana o nā shingles o nā pale a me ka manaʻo.StumuminousHāʻawi i nā huahana hale e hāʻawi i kahi paʻa, nā wai wai e kū'ē i nā mea e kū'ē i nā mea, pale i nā hale a me nā hōʻino wai.
• Ka wai wai a me ka noho ana: BourMenHoʻohanaʻia nā pāpale a me nā kaʻaahi i nā kumu wai wai, nā papa wai, nā hōʻailona, ​​nā lau, a me nā canals.Sitmu MenMosiona ua hoʻopiliʻia nā hopena i nā papa e hana i kahi papa hana kūponoʻole.
• PAIP CATWINGS:E pale i nā paila pipellien mai ka corrosonion,ʻoi aku ka nui o kēlā mau mea kanu ma lalo o ka waiʻole,BourMenUa hoʻohana pinepineʻia nā lole. Hoʻopau kēia i ke ola o ke ola koʻikoʻi.
• Kani kani kani: 'Āpils-ʻO nā'āpana a iʻole nā ​​lole i hoʻohanaʻia ma kaʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa a kūkulu i ka ho'ēmiʻana i ka walaʻau a me ka haunaele.
• Kahuaʻoihana:Mama'ĀpilsHāʻawi i kahi paʻakikī, paʻakikī, a me ke kahua paʻa no nā mea hana ma luna o nā mea hana, nā hale kūʻai, a me nā wahi kaumaha.
• Nā huahana kūikawā:ʻO kā mākouʻoihana, no ka manawa, hanaʻO kahi asphalt kūikawā no ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā aila. ^. Kēia mau mea kūikawāasphaltshanaʻia me nā waiwai kiko'ī e hoʻonui ai i ka hana drilling driding fladid hana, kāohi i ka paleʻana, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa maikaʻi ma kapetroleumʻoihana. Penei,Coal tar pitch, huahana'ē aʻe iʻike houʻia ai mākou i loko, he mea koʻikoʻi no ka hanaʻana i nā kalana carbon no ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana, pictide no kaʻaihue, a me akaulikeno nā huahana carbon.

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo oʻO Asphalt a me Bithumennā kumu mai kā lākouʻano kumuwaiwai: he Thermoplastic ʻAe kēia iā lākou e hoʻoponoponoʻia no ka nui o nāwaiwai a me nā hoʻohana, e hana pono ana iā lākoumea kūʻainā hui i loko o kaʻoihanaʻoihana.

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Ke hoʻohālikelike neiʻO Asphalt vs. Bithumen, he mea nui e hoʻi hou i kēlāʻO Asphalt kahi huikauBourMen. ^. No laila,ʻo ka hana a'Āpilske kaumaha nui loa i ka maikaʻi a me keʻano oUa hoʻohanaʻiaʻo Bithumen, e like me kaAggregatea me ka hoʻolālā hui. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā mākou ke kamaʻilio peheaBourMenʻO nā waiwai waiwai'Āpils'hana i nā noi likeʻole.

BourMeniho, me akaulike, ke hōʻikeʻia nei e kona viscosity, ka papa helu helu (paʻakikī) E hoʻoholo kēia mau waiwai pehea pehea kaasphalt mix asphalte hana i lalo o nā kūlana likeʻole. ʻo kahi laʻana:

• A BourMenme kahi waiwai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ʻoi aku ka paʻakikīBourMen) e hopena i kahi'Āpilsʻoi aku ka nui o ka haʻaleleʻana i ka deformation mamahana kiʻekiʻeakāʻoi aku paha eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi eʻoki i nā mahana haʻahaʻa.
• Me ke aloha, aBourMenme kahi waiwai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe (sometterBourMen) E hana hou i kahi mea hou aʻe'Āpils,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka piʻiʻana o ke anuanu akā hiki ke paʻa ma lalo o nā ukana kaumaha ma keʻano wela.

I nā'ōlelo noi,Hoʻohana pinepineʻiaʻo Bithumene like me ka mea nui no ka pīhoihoi (nā koho chip a iʻole nā ​​lole lole), ma kahi o kahi papa oMea Hot ThatUMENua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ma kahi papa alanui, hahaiʻia e kahi papa oAggregate. ^. Hekumukūʻai-maikaʻiala e koho ai i nā'āpana i loaʻa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kū'ēʻana i ka paleʻana.ʻO nā wahi heahe mea laau,'Āpils(ka mea hoʻohui waiwai) i hoʻohanaʻia no nā papa hana hoʻonohonoho oPākuʻina, e hāʻawi ana i ka mana nui loa e lawe ai i ka ukana. ʻOkoʻaʻO nā hui asphalum(E.G.,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi-graded, gap-graded, weheʻia ka weheʻia) i hoʻolālāʻia no ka kiko'īʻO nā papa AsphaltI loko o kaPākuʻinaʻO ka hoʻolālā (papa kumu, papa inoa papa inoa, e hoʻohana ana i ke papa hana) e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana adurability.

ʻO ke koho ma waena o nāʻokoʻabithumen a asphalt pahaʻO nā huahana kūpono loa i hilinaʻi i nā koi kiko'ī o kahanaʻoihana hana. ^. No ka mea, e koiʻia kahi ala kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻeʻO ke kiʻiʻoniʻoniʻo White mikome kahi polymer-hoʻololiʻiaBourMenno ka hoʻonuiʻanadurability,ʻoiaiʻo kahi kaʻa holo kaʻa e pono ai ke lawelaweʻia e kahi mea maʻalahiʻO nā mea nothilt. ^. Ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i nā poʻe oasphalt vs bithumenkōkua i nā meaʻenehana a me nā poʻe loea e like me nā mea hōʻike e like me Mark Thompson e hoʻoholo ai i nā hoʻoholo iʻikeʻia e hōʻoia i ka lōʻihi a me ke kumukūʻai.

8

'Ōlelohopena kaiauluno'ĀpilsaBourMenʻO ka hana a me ka hoʻohanaʻana he manaʻo nui loa i kaNāʻoihana Asphalt. ^. E like me nā kaʻina hana hana e pili anapetroleumʻO nā huahana, he mau pilikia, akā he mau mea nui loa i hanaʻia e hana i keʻano.

ʻO kekahi o nā hopohopo kumu nui e pili ana iemishiI ka hanaʻana oʻO ke kiʻiʻoniʻoniʻo White miko. ^. Hoʻohuinā bithumen a me nā aggregatesimahana kiʻekiʻeHoʻohana i ka ikehu a hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i nā galani'ōmaʻomaʻo a me nā hui pūʻana o nā collatile collatile (vocs). Eia naʻe, ua hana nui kaʻoihana i ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i kēia. Ka hoʻomohalaʻana o ka hui mahana'Āpils(WMA) he kumu hoʻohālike. Ma kaʻaeʻanaʻO ka hana asphaltma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻemi pinepineʻiaʻo WMAka hoʻohanaʻana i ka nui a me nā emissions. ^. ʻAʻole wale kēia e hoʻolimalima i kahopena kaiauluAkā hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i nā mālama kālā.

ʻO kahiʻano maikaʻi'ē aʻe ka recyclability o'Āpils. ^. E like me ka mea i'ōleloʻia ma mua,ʻO Asphalt Pavementʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui loa i loko o ka honua.Ua hoʻihoʻi houʻiaʻo Asphalt Asphalt(Rap) hiki ke hoʻohuiʻia i loko o ka houʻO nā hui asphalumma nā pakeneka kiʻekiʻe, hoʻemi i ka pono no ka wahineBourMenaAggregate, ka mālamaʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe, a ho'ēmi i ka'āina'āina. Ua hoʻonui nuiʻia kēiaʻano hoʻokele waiwai i keʻano o keʻanoNā alanui Asphalt. ^. Hoʻohui hou, holomua i lokonāʻenehana asphaltkomo i ka hoʻomohalaʻana opolion bounot,ʻo ka mea kōkua e kōkua i ka laweʻana i ka Stormwater Rouoff, e hōʻemi ana i ka wai a me nā kānana. ʻO nā hana pū kekahi me ka hoʻomohalaʻana i nā bio-binders i loaʻa mai nā kumuwaiwai hou e like me nā'āpana hou a iʻole nā ​​mea houPetroleum bitulnemen, ke kuhikuhi nei i ka mea hou akuho'ēmi i ke wāwae wāwaenoPaʻi alanui.

Oiaikau,ʻano maʻamaukau, uaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma muli o kānaʻano hana maʻamau a hiki i nā mea hoʻohālikelike a me ka hiki ke hōʻike i nā meaʻino, e hoʻohana ana i lokoPaʻi alanuike emi nei i kēia manawa i nā wahi he nui. HoulikeBourMenE hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā kaʻina hana a me ka mālama ponoʻana i nā hana hoʻokolohua e hana ai e hana i nā binders e palekana ana a paʻa i ka wā i hoʻohanaʻia aiNā wahi Asphalt. ^. No kā mākou mea kūʻai aku,ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe i nā'āina me nā kānāwai kūlohelohe e like meʻEulopa a me ka USA Keia hanaNā noʻonoʻo noʻonoʻohe nui.

9. Ke kohoʻana i nā mea kūpono: Pehea e koho ai i nā asphalt kūpono no kāu mau pono?

Koho i ka ponoʻano asphaltOoleBourMenʻO keʻano he nui no ka hōʻoiaʻana ahanaʻoihana hanahe kūleʻa akumukūʻai-maikaʻi. ^. No kahi mea nona kaʻoihana a me ka mea kūʻai aku e like me Mark Thompson ʻAʻole ia e pili ana i ka uku mua o kaʻO nā mea nothilt, akā, e pili ana i ka hana lōʻihi auku uku.

Eia kahi ala kūpono eke kohoʻana i ka asphalt kūpono:

1. E hoʻomaopopo i nā koi papahana:

   • Nā Kūlana Kūʻai:E IaPākuʻinaKōkua kukui, mediume, akaumaha pwerad? Pono nā wahi kaʻa kiʻekiʻe e pono aiʻO nā hui asphalumme ka maikaʻidurability.
   • Nā Kūlana Kūlana:E noʻonoʻo i ke aniani kūloko. ʻO nā wela nui (ʻelua wela a me ke anuanu), ua nui ka ua, a me nā neʻe manuahi-thawzed e hoʻohālikelike i ke koho oBourMenKūleʻa a meʻano asphalt. ^. No ka laʻana, aʻO keʻano asphalt asphalt blockkūpono paha no kekahi mau piʻi a me nā noi.
   • HE MOOLELO KAHAKANA:He aha ke ola lawelawe makemake o kaPākuʻina? Hiki i ke ola lōʻihi ke hōʻoia i kahi kālā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā uku uku e like me ka polymer-hoʻololiʻia'Āpils.
   • Ke noi kiko'ī:No ia mea houPalapala HoʻolālāʻOihana, rehabilitation, patching, a iʻole kahi hoʻohanaʻenehana kūikawā? Pono kēlā me kēlā me kēia ala'ē aʻe.

2. E loiloi i nāʻano asphalt likeʻole:

   • ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi (HMA):Maikai nodurabilitya me nā wahi kiʻekiʻe, akā hiki keʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumu mua.
   • ʻO keʻano like me ka asphalt (WMA):Hāʻawi i ka hana maikaʻi me ka hana a me ke kumukūʻai no ke kumukūʻai a me ke kumukūʻai paha ma muli o nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.Hāʻawi maikaʻihana.
   • ʻO keʻano o keʻanoʻo Asphalt (cma):Hou houkumukūʻai-maikaʻiNo nā hana kūpono, nā wahi mamao, a iʻole nā ​​alanui haʻahaʻa.Pili i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke kūpono nei i nā hana liʻiliʻi.
   • Hoʻololiʻiaʻo Asphalt:E noʻonoʻo no nā noi noi i kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka hana (e.g., ke kū'ēʻana,CrackʻO ka paleʻana) he koʻikoʻi,ʻoiai inā he kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.

3. E noʻonoʻo i nā kumukūʻai lōʻihi:

   • He mea cheaper'ĀpilsHiki i ke koho ke mālama i ke kālā ma mua akā hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻeuku ukua me kahi mea pōkole pōkole,ʻo ke kumukūʻai nui loa. Ka hoʻoliloʻana i ka maikaʻiBourMena he kūponoasphalt huiHoʻokuʻu pinepineʻia nā hoʻolālā.
   • Mea i loko o ka hiki ke hoʻohanaUa hoʻihoʻiʻiaʻo Asphalt(Rap), hiki ke hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai waiwai a he'Āpana Hoʻohanohanokoho.

4. E hana me nā mea kūʻai aku.

   • ʻO kahi mea kōkua iʻikeʻia (e like me US!) Hiki ke hāʻawi i ke alakaʻi ma ka maikaʻi loa'ĀpilsOoleBourMenNo kāu mau pono kiko'ī a me nā kālā. Hoʻomaopopo mākou i kēlā "waiwai" e hoʻopuni ana i ke kumukūʻai a me keʻano. Mālama mākou i kā mākou huahana, inā he maʻamauBourMena iʻole kūikawāasphalts, e hālāwai me nā kūlana honua.

Ma ka noʻonoʻo ponoʻana i kēia mau kumu, hiki i nāʻoihanae hana i ka mea i hōʻikeʻiahoʻoholo, hōʻoia i ka hōʻoiaʻana i kakumukūʻai kūpono-kūponohoʻonā e hāʻawi i ka hana i koiʻia adurability.

10, ke kauʻana i ka asphalt kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā bithumen: He aha nā mea kūʻai aku e nānā ai?

No nā mea kūʻai aku e like me Mark Thompson, ka mea kūʻai'ĀpilsaBourMenʻO nā huahana mai ka hoʻomohalaʻana i nā'āina e like me Kina, e hoʻopili ana i nā waiwai kiʻekiʻe-kiʻekiʻe. Ka maikaʻi o kamea kūʻainā hopena kūpono i ka kūleʻa o kāna mau hana a nā mea kūʻai aku, inā paha he mau mea alumini, nā meaʻono alumini, nā milla mils, aPaʻi alanuiʻO nāʻoihana. Eia nā mea nui e noʻonoʻo ai i ka wā e noʻonoʻo ai i kēia mau huahana:

• ʻO ka nānāʻana a me nā hōʻoia.ʻAʻole kēia he kūkākūkāʻole. Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hōʻoia i nā hōʻike loiloi maikaʻi loa no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu o kēlā'ĀpilsOoleBourMen. ^. E nānā no nā mea hoʻolako e pili ana i nā kūlana honua (e.g., Arem, AASAshto, en). Nā hōʻoia e like me iso 9001 (no ka hoʻokele maikaʻi) a me ka iso 14001 ʻO mākou, no ka hanaʻana iā mākou iho ma kā mākou ikaikaʻoi aku ka mana o kā mākou mau Rigorous ma ko mākou mau hana 7 hana. "Heʻano paʻakikī maoli ka palapala hōʻoia," Ua haʻi muaʻo Mark iaʻu. "Pono mākou i nā mea noi e hiki iā mākou ke hilinaʻi."
• Mea kūʻai aku a me kaʻike:E koho i nā mea hoʻolako me kahi papa inoa inoa a me kaʻike a me kaʻike i ka laweʻana i kou'āina (USA,ʻAmelika, Austaria, Ausec.). ʻOi aku ka nui o kahi hale hana i hoʻopaʻaʻia e loaʻa i nā kaʻina hana hana maʻamau a hoʻomaopopo i nā mea paʻakikī o nā mea kūpono o ke kālepa honua. ʻO ka heluheluʻana i nā hōʻike a iʻole ke noiʻana i nā loiloi hiki ke kōkua.
• Nā kiko pili o ka Hoʻohui:Wehewehe wehewehe i nā kiko'ī loea i koiʻia no ka'ĀpilsOoleBourMen. ^. Hoʻopili kēia i ka papa helu helu, e hoʻomoʻa i keʻano, he viscosity, a me nā koi kiko'ī no ka hoʻololiʻiaasphaltsa iʻole nā ​​huahana kūikawā. E hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka mea i hiki ke hoʻokō pinepine i kēia mau kiko'ī.
• Logistics a me ka hoʻouna:He mea nui nā loiloi pono e pale ai i nā delays e hiki ai ke hōʻole i nā hana hana. Kūkākūkā i nā hua'ōlelo hoʻouna, alakaʻi i nā manawa, e kau anaasphalt pautder), a me kaʻikeʻana o ka mea kūʻai aku me ka freight international. ʻO kahi mea kūʻai aku e hāʻawiʻia i ke kamaʻilioʻana e pili ana i ke kūlana hoʻouna.
• Kamaʻilio a me ke kākoʻo:ʻO ke kamaʻilio kūpono e kī i ke kīwī i kahi hana maʻalahi. Pono eʻikeʻia nā mea kūʻai aku kūʻai aku, e pane, a hiki i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i nā nīnau teitical. Kōkua kēia i ka paleʻana i nā kuhihewaʻole a hoʻoponopono koke i nā pilikia. ʻO Mark pinepine pinepine e hōʻike ana i ke kamaʻilio "hiki ke lilo i ke kamaʻilio e like me ke kumukūʻai maikaʻiʻole e like me keʻano o ka waiwai maikaʻiʻole."
• Nā Kūlana uku:E hōʻoia i nāʻano uku a me nā hana uku uku. E kūkākūkā i nā hua'ōlelo.

Ma ka nānāʻana i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke hōʻemi nui i nā pilikia a kūkulu i nā pilina ikaika me nā mea hāʻawi kālā'ĀpilsaBourMen, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i loaʻa iā lākou nā mea kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe e hoʻokō ai i kā lākou papahana e pono ai a me nā mea kūʻai aku.

11. Innovations ma Asphalt Technologies asphalt: ka hanaʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ke ala o ke alanui

'ŌleloNāʻoihana Asphaltaole he stac; E pau mau ana ia meHoʻohui i nāʻenehana asphaltManaʻoʻia i ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i ka hana, ke hoʻomau, a me ke kumukūʻai-kūpono. Ke hōʻike nei kēia mau poʻe innovations i ka wā e hiki mai anaAlanui IndrastructureA pehea mākou e noʻonoʻo ai'ĀpilsaBourMen.

ʻO kekahi mau hanana hoihoi e loaʻa:

• ʻO ka hānaiʻana iāʻoe iho:Hoʻolālā nā poʻe noiʻiasphaltshiki ke hoʻoponopono pinepine i nā pōpoki liʻiliʻi. Hoʻopili pinepine kēia i nā micrcapsules e pili ana i nā micrcantsules e loaʻa ana nā mea hou a iʻole nā ​​mea kila, i ka wā e ho'āla aiBourMeni nā sila sila. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemiuku ukuA hoʻolōʻihiPākuʻinake ola.
• Ka hanaʻana i nā alanui.ʻO nā papahana Pilot eʻimi neiNā wahi AsphaltHoʻokomoʻia me nā crystapsedric piezoeptric e hiki ke loaʻa i ka uila mai keʻano o keʻano o keʻano o nā kaʻa e hele ai. ʻOiai e noho mau ana i nā papa mua, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohuli i nā alanui i nā kumuwaiwai o ka ikehu hou.
• Nā Kūlana Kūʻai:Eia naasphaltsHoʻolālā e hōʻike i nā radiationʻoi aku ka nui o ka wai a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka wai wai, e hōʻemi ana i nā mahana. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ka hopena o ke kūlanakauhale, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka ea, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka ea.
• Bio-asphalt a me bio-binders:E hele ana ka noiʻi nuiBourMennā mea hou mai non-petroleumNā kumuwaiwai e like me Lignin (mai ka lāʻau),ʻo Molehana, a iʻole eʻai ai i ka aila kuke. ʻO kēia mau bio-binders e manaʻo e hana hou akukaiāulu kaiāulunā koho a ho'ēmi i ka hilinaʻi ma nā wahi fossil.
• Hoʻonui i nā hana hana loiloi:Ke hoʻomaikaʻi nei nā innovations i ka hiki ke hoʻohana i nā helu kiʻekiʻe oUa hoʻihoʻi houʻiaʻo Asphalt Asphalt(Rap) a hoʻihoʻi hou i nā shungles asphalt (ras) i houʻO nā hui asphalumme ka hōʻoleʻoleʻana i ka hana. Hoʻopili kēia me nāʻenehana hou aku e hoʻihoʻi hou i nā waiwai o ka makahikiBourMen.
• Nā alanui Smart me nā naʻau i hoʻopiliʻia:Hoʻopili i nā meaʻike i lokoʻO nā papa Asphalthiki ke hāʻawi i nāʻikepili maoli ma nā kūlana o nā kaʻa,Pākuʻinaolakino, aNā kūlanaʻano, e hoʻokipa i ka mālama waiwai a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻokele kaʻa.

HE MEAnāʻenehana asphalthōʻike i kahi kūpaʻa e hana hou i nā mea paʻakikī, a noʻonoʻo pono, a me ka naʻauaoAlanui Indrastructure. ^. Ma kahi o kahiʻoihana i hoʻolaʻaʻia e hana i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe'Āpilsa me ke keleawekauNā huahana, e hele pū ana mākou i kēia mau holomua. Hiki i ka hoʻohuiʻana i nāʻenehana hou e hāʻawi iā mākou e hāʻawimaikaʻi maikaʻinā huahana e hālāwai ai i nā koi e hiki mai anaPaʻi alanuia me nā noi piliʻana,ʻo ka hāʻawiʻana aku i ka maikaʻiHale Alanuia me kahi mea e hiki mai ana e hiki mai ana. Ka huakaʻi o'Āpilsua mamao loa; Ke kiʻiʻia nei me ka hana houʻole.

ʻO nā kākaka nui:

• 'Āpilshe mea hoʻohuiʻia i hanaʻiaBourMen(Binder) aAggregate, papa muahoʻohana ma ke kūkuluʻana i ke alanui.
• BourMenheViscous,ʻeleʻele,ʻeleʻele, semi-solid form ofpetroleum, e hana ana e like me ka mea nuikaulikeiʻO nā hui asphalum.
• Kau(collally calkau) i loaʻa mai i ke kolamu,ʻokoʻa ka chemBourMen, a i kēia manawa ua hoʻohana houʻia ma nā noi hana kūikawā ma mua o ka laulāKe hana nei e hana ana.
• He mau meaʻano o ka asphalt(Wela wela, mima mahana,ʻO keʻano o keʻano like me ka asphalt, Hehi, hoʻololiʻia) hanaʻia no nā noi'ē aʻe, e piʻi, a me nā ukana kaʻa.
• 'Āpilshe mea nui i lokoPaʻi alanuima muli o konadurability, Hoʻolaha, Reclability, akumukūʻai-maikaʻikūlohelohe.
• I ka wā eʻaihue ai'ĀpilsOoleBourMen, nānā i nā loiloi maikaʻi, nā mea hōʻoia
• 'ŌleloNāʻoihana Asphalthe innovative, me nā holomua e like me ka ho'ōlaʻana iāʻoe ihoasphalts, nā hale aloha, a me nā bio-binders e manaʻo ana no kaʻoi aku ka nui a me ka lōʻihiAlanui Indrastructure.
• Maopopo i kanāʻokoʻa kīawaiwai a me nā hoʻohanao kēia mau mea kōkua ike kohoʻana i ka'ākaukoho no kekahihanaʻoihana hana, ke kumukūʻai kaulike a me ka hana.