Asphalt vs tar vs bithumen: decoding i nāʻokoʻa no ka pauʻana, nā wahi hoʻokele, a me ka hoʻohanaʻana

Hilahila e pili ana'Āpils, kau, aBourMen? ʻAʻoleʻoe waleʻoe. Hoʻohana pinepineʻia kēia mau'ōlelo i keʻano,ʻoiai ke kamaʻilioʻana e pili ana i nā alanui aNā mokulele, aka, e olelo lakou i na ano he ano like me na ano like ole, waiwai, a me na noi. Maopopo i kaʻokoʻa ma waena o nā bturmen, kau, a'Āpilshe mea maikaʻi paha ke komo i lokoPaʻi alanui, i nā mea waiwai no nā kaʻina hanaʻoihana likeʻole e like me ka mea kanu aluminum a iʻole kaʻaihue e hana ana i nā meaʻeleʻele e hana ai i ko mākou mau wahiʻeleʻele e hana ai i ko mākou mau ala. E hōʻoleʻia kēiaʻatikala i kēia mau mea, e wehewehe ana i nā mea āpau o kēlā me kēia, pehea lākou eʻokoʻa (asphalt vs tar), a no ke aha e koho ai i nā mea kūpono no ka hana,durability, a me ke kumukūʻai-kūpono. Me he mea hana me kaʻike nui i ka hanaʻanaCOLD TREARʻO nā huahana a me Petroleum Cooke, e kaʻana aku mākou i nā meaʻike e kōkua iāʻoe e hoʻoholo i nā hoʻoholo i hoʻomaopopoʻia.

He aha keʻano o ka asphalle ma mua o?

'Āpils, ma ke ano oPaʻi alanuia me ka hanaʻana,ʻaʻohe mea hoʻokahi akā akā he mea hoʻohālikelike. E noʻonoʻo e like me ka pā,ʻo ia ka mea hoʻohanacementme hekaulikeno kaAggregate(e like me Sand a me Gravel). Penei,'ĀpilsʻO ka paila ke kālaiʻia he hui oAggregate(Slusd Ski, Sand, a iʻole Gravel, e hana ana i ka nui o nā kumumanaʻo) akaulike. ^. 'Ōlelokaulikeʻo ia ke kī nui e paʻa ana i kaAggregatepū, e hoʻolako i ka hoʻonohonoho a me ka maʻalahi.

ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamaukaulikeua hoʻohanaʻia i kēia lāmake asphaltʻO keʻanoBourMen. ^. ʻO kēiaBourMenhuiʻia me nāʻano likeʻole oAggregate- mailihuaNā māka imaikaʻi maikaʻiE like me Sand - me aFULELELEwaiwai. E mālama ponoʻia nā koina e hoʻokō i nā hiʻohiʻona hana kūikawā. ʻO keʻano hoʻohālikelikeʻia (nā mahana ma waena o 300 a 350ʻO nā celdedies), huiʻia, a laila waihoʻia a laila e waihoʻia a hoʻopaʻaʻia i ka wā e wela ana e wela aimakei, papaki. ^. No laila, ke kamaʻilioʻana nā kānaka e pili ana i kahi "Alanui Asphalt"a"Asphalt hele", e pili ana lākou i ka'ōlelo maʻamau'ĀpilsʻO ka pā'ālua, heʻenehana pololeika huiʻana o nā bithumenaAggregate.

Houlike'ĀpilsHoʻolālāʻia nāʻano hana no nā kiko'īMuanā kūlana a me nā ukana ukana. Nā waiwai o kaBourMen kaulikea me keʻano /ʻano o kaAggregateka manaʻo nuiʻana i ka paleʻana o ka pavement e pale aku ai, hōʻeha, a me nā pōʻino. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo o'ĀpilsHāʻawi i nā mīkini hana e hana i nā pā hale kūpono no nā mea āpau mai nā mea nohonā wahi hoʻokele a me nā kaʻanui nā alanui kiʻekiʻe-hana. Hana maikaʻi kēiaʻO Asphalt kahi huie hoʻolako i ka mea kūʻai aku awai wai puniKe hilinaʻi nei mākou i kēlā me kēia lā.

E weheweheʻia: Ma hea ia e hele mai ai a pehea ia?

Like me'Āpils(ka hoʻohana muaʻanaBourMenmaipetroleum),kauhe mea waiwai nui ia.Kauhe maʻamau ana-huahanaloaa mai kaʻO ka hanaʻinoʻana i nā mea kūlohelohe. ^. ʻO kēia ke kumu e like me nā mea e like mecoal a he lāʻau pahaI ka haʻaleleʻana o ka ea. ʻO kaʻano maʻamau maʻamau e pili ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka mōʻaukala mōʻaukala a me nā hoʻohanaʻoihanaʻoihanaCOLD TREAR, hanaʻia i ka wā o ke kaʻina hanalānahuua pāʻia e hana i ka coke (hoʻohanaʻia ma ke kila) a me ke kīwī.

COLD TREARhe māla,ʻeleʻele,ʻO ka wai paʻakainona kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe oʻO nā hydrocarbons haipule. ^. Ke Alaika,COLD TREARi hoʻohanaʻia e like mekaulikeMa ke kūkulu alanui, e alakaʻi ana i ka hua'ōlelo "Tarmac"(pōkole no ka tarmacadamkaua me ka pōhaku i hala). Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻole nuiʻia kona hoʻohanaʻana ma ka hapanui o nā wahi o ka honua, ma muli o ke olakino a me keʻano o ke olakino.

ʻOiai e hoʻohana ana i lokoPae alanuiUa kaupalenaʻia nā noi,COLD TREARa me kona wehe ana (likeʻO nā coal tack pitch flakes) E noho mau i nā mea waiwai nui i nāʻoihana likeʻole. Hoʻohanaʻia lākou i ka hanaʻana o nā mea waiwai nui, pipepāpaleemanents, nā kaʻa, nā kiʻi, nā kiʻi, a me ka mea nui, e likenohāohaluaNo nā kohola carbon i hoʻohanaʻia ma keʻano aluminam smelling a me ke kila. KaʻokoʻaKōkua Hōʻanocoal tar pitch, laweʻia mailānahu, e hana ia i kahi mea nui i kahi e pono ai nā hana kiʻekiʻe a me nāʻano carbon kiʻekiʻe. Maopopo i kaʻokoʻa ma waena o nā bithumen a me ke kauE hoʻomaka me ko lākou kumu:BourMenMaiʻO ka ailaʻaila, kauMaicoal a he lāʻau pahaKA MEA ANA.

ʻO Bithumen i weheʻoleʻia: He inoa inoa'ē wale nō ia no Asphalt?

Eia kahi kahi o ka hilahila hoʻopunipuni. Oiai'ĀpilsaBourMene pili ana,ʻaʻole lākou ka mea like,ʻoiai pinepine nā hua'ōleloi hoʻohanaʻia, nui loa i kekahi mau wahi.BourMeno kokaulikehuiI loko 'ĀpilsPā'ālua. He'eleʻeleʻeleʻele, nui loaViscoussemi-solid a iʻole waii loaʻa mai i ka petroleum. ^. Kūikawā,BourMenʻo ia ka mea kaumaha loaMoleloaʻa mai ka pahuFamilynoʻO ka ailaʻaila-ʻO ia ke koena i koe ma hope o ka neʻeʻana i nā mea māmā e like me ka gasoline, dieel, a laweʻia nā aila libricating. Ua'ōlelo pinepineʻia kēia koena e like melalo laloi ke kaʻina hana.

Wahine pulupuluhe mea maoli maoliHo'liʻu Ana. ^. Kāna hana mua i loko'ĀpilsʻO ka pākaukau e hoʻopaʻa i kaAggregatenā'āpana (Sand, Gravel, Crusthed Stone), e hana ana i kahi pākeke a paʻaPākuʻinaʻano. Hāʻawi pūʻia i nāʻano wai wai, pale i nā papa lalo o ke ala mai ke ala wai.BourMenhe palupalu a nani hoʻi keʻano o ka mahana e hoʻohanaʻia e like mePae alanuinona iho; pono ia i ke kākoʻo o kaAggregate. ^. Manaʻo eBourMene like me ka glue, a'ĀpilsE like me keʻano hōʻiliʻili (nā aggregates a me nā bithumenhui pū).

No laila,ʻoiaiBourMenhe kīhuahuai'ĀpilsPāhaka,'Āpilse pili ana i kaʻO nā mea hoʻohālikelike holoʻokoʻahoʻohanaʻia no ka pākuʻi. Ma kekahi mau wahi o ka honua (e like meʻEulopa), "ʻo Bithumen"ʻo ia ka nui o nā hua'ōlelo maʻamau,ʻoiaiʻoʻAmelikaʻAmelika "a iʻole"'Āpils"Hoʻohana pinepineʻia no ka Binder, a"'Āpilska pā'ālua "no ka hana pavement hope loa. Ma muli o ka Terminology,ʻO Bithumen kahi lāʻau, Viscous kaulikemaiʻO ka ailaʻaila,ʻokoʻakaue hele mai analānahu.

Asphalt vs tar vs bithumen: He aha nā mea likeʻole o nā mea nui i ke kumu a me nā waiwai?

E maopopo maopopo i kanāʻokoʻa ma waena o ka asphalt, BourMen, akau. ^. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopoʻana he mea nui kēia mauʻano no ka kohoʻana i nā mea kūpono no nā noi kiko'ī, inā e paʻiʻia aKe alanui alanuia iʻole e hoʻohana i nā kaʻina hanaʻoihana.

Ka mea kumuʻokoʻa ma waena o nā bithumen a me ke kaumoe ma ko lākou kumu:BourMenmaipetroleum, tihakauNā Kūlana mailānahu(a iʻole kekahi lāʻau lāʻau). Ke alakaʻi nei kēia i nāʻokoʻa nui i kā lākouKōkua Hōʻaa me ka kūpono no nā noi likeʻole.'Āpils, alaila, ka mea i hanaiame ka hoʻohanaʻana BourMenE like me kaKe hoʻopaʻa neino kaAggregatee hana i kahi paʻaPākuʻina puni. BourMenhāʻawi maʻamauʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwaia laloka hopena welaua hoʻohālikelikeʻia i ka moʻomeheukau, e hana ana i ke koho koho no ka wāPaʻi alanui.

Hiki ke mālamaʻia no nā ala i kālaiʻia a me nā wahi kaʻa?

Oiaikau(kiko'īCOLD TREAR) He mea maʻamau no ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nā wā i hala, e alakaʻi ana i ka hua'ōlelo "Tarmac, "kona hoʻohanaʻana i kēia mau lāPaʻi alanuia no ka hooweliweliNā mokuleleua emi loa i ka nui o na aina he nui. ʻO nā kumu mua he olakino a me nā hopohopo olakino e pili ana i nā mea hoʻohui hoʻohui i loaʻa i nā couboule i loaʻa i lokoCOLD TREAR. ^. I ka wa i noi no ka noi,kauNā wikiwiki e loaʻa nā pilikia i nā mea hōʻeha maikaʻi, me nā carcinogens. Oiai, ka hakahakakau-ʻO nā kai kai i hoʻohanaʻianā wahi hoʻokele a me nā kaʻaHiki i nā mea he nui ke kāʻei a pale i ka lepo a me nā wahi wai.

NOLELO,BourMen-Hiki'Āpilsua hoʻololi nuiʻiakauno nā noi i nā noi.'ĀpilsNā hui me ka hoʻohanaʻanaBourMenua manaʻo pinepineʻia ka palekana i ka mālama a hana i nā mea liʻiliʻi e like me nā meaʻino i ka wā o ka noi. Ua hana pū lākou e hāʻawi i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa, e komo pū me ka maʻalahinā kūlana likeʻole, hoʻomaikaʻidurability, aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kū'ēʻana i ka lele (ma hea kakaulikehoʻokaʻawale mai kaAggregate). Aʻo kekahi mau noi niche a iʻole nā ​​wahi kiko'ī e hoʻohana pinepineʻiakau-Bared nā huahana, kūikawā no ka sealceating,ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau no ka mea houPākuʻinakūkulu.

No nā noi e koi ana i nā waiwai kiko'ī oCOLD TREAR, e like me ke kū'ēʻana i ke kū'ē kiʻekiʻe a iʻole nā'āpana carbon a iʻole nā ​​mea e hoʻohana ai, e hoʻomau ana kona hoʻohanaʻana i nā hoʻonohonohoʻoihanaʻoihanaʻoihana. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hanaʻanaʻO kahi asphalt kūikawā no ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā aila, nā mea kūʻai aku, a me ka koʻikoʻi,coal tar pitchme hekaulikeNo nā mea kūʻai aku i nā carbon i loko o ka alumini a me nāʻoihana kila. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hapa nui o nā papahana paʻi (Ke alanui alanui, Kālailoa, nā paila),BourMen-Hiki'Āpilsʻo ia ka mea i makemakeʻia a me nā mea nui.

Pehea e hana ai i nā waiwai o nā bithumen a me nā hopena i kā lākou hoʻohana?

KaʻokoʻaKōkua HōʻanoBourMenakauke kuleana pololei no ko lākou mauʻano hana likeʻole a me nā noi.BourMen, ke noho nei maiʻO ka ailaʻaila Family, hoʻopaʻa nuiʻia nā molepuku nui hydrocancon nui, a me nā piʻi hanohano, a me nā aila. Hāʻawi kēia mau māheleBourMenkonaʻanoViscous, Ho'liʻu Ana, awai wainā waiwai, e hana maikaʻi aikaulikeno kaAggregatei'Āpilsnā hale. Iainainaahoii ka mineralAggregateua ikaika, a hiki i kona mau waiwai ke hoʻololiʻia (e.g., e hoʻohana ana i nā polymers) e hoʻoikaika i ka hanaMuas a iʻole ma lalo o nā ukana nui. Eia nō naʻe,BourMenhiki ke hopohopo i ka oxidation a me ka wā ma mua o ka manawa, e lilo anahenia.

COLD TREAR, ke hopena mai kaʻO ka hanaʻinoʻana o ka lole, ua waiwai i lokoʻO nā hydrocarbons haipule, me nā polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). Hāʻawi kēia i ka maʻi maʻikauka paleʻana i ka wai a me nā mea kanu,ʻo ia ke kumu e nui ai ke kumupāpalea me nā noi. Eia nō naʻe,kauʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻeka hopena welamamua oBourMen, ke hoʻololiʻana i konaʻano hoʻololi i nā loli nui me nā fluctuations e like me ka mahana - hiki iā ia ke lilo i ka mālie i ka wela aheniai ke anuanu. Eia hou, ke alo o ke olaʻana i nā ola olakino a me nā hopohopo kūlohelohe, ka palenaʻana o ka hoʻohanaʻana, e like me ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā noi.

HE MEAKōkua Hōʻahoʻokaʻawale i ko lākou hoʻohana muaʻana.BourMen'maikaʻi loaHōʻailona, pili pono, a me nā pilikia olakino olakino e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpono no nā helu nui e pono aiPaʻi alanui. Kau'S kiko'ī kiko'ī Selctical Consistical a me keʻano carbon (ma ka hihia o ka pitch) e hana ai i nā noi o Niche e like me ka nuinohāohalua(e.g.,ʻO keʻano asphalt asphalt blockLoaʻaʻia mai ka Coal Tal Pear Titch) no nā koho balota, nā lole lole kūikawā, a me kekahi mau hana slalant. 'Ōleloʻokoʻa ma waena o nā bithumen a me ke kauMa keʻano o keʻano ke kumu o ke kumu o ke kumuʻole lākou e hoʻololiʻole ai no ka hapa nui.

He aha nāʻano maʻamau o ka asphalt i hoʻohanaʻia ma ke kūkuluʻana?

'Āpilsʻaʻole he nui-kūpono-kūpono-kūpono. ʻOkoʻaʻano o ka asphaltUa hoʻolālāʻia nāʻano no nāʻano likeʻolePaʻi alanuia me ka mālama. ʻO nāʻano maʻamau e hoʻopili pinepine i keʻano a me ka papa oBourMenua hoʻohana, ka nui a me keʻano oAggregate, nā pae o kēlā me kēia mahele, a me ka hoʻohui o nā modifiers. ʻIke i kēia mauʻano e kōkua i ke kohoʻana i nā kūpono kūpono aka waiwaihopena no kahi papahana i hāʻawiʻia.

Eia kekahi mau mea maʻamauʻano o ka asphalt:

1. ʻO ke kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi kiʻi (HMA):ʻO kēia ka mea nui i hoʻohana nuiʻia no nā alanui nui,Alanui, aNā mokulele. AggregateaBourMenheates (pinepine ma waena300 a me 350 degree Celsius) a huiʻia ma kahi'Āpilskanu ma mua o ka laweʻiaʻana i ka pūnaewele, i kauʻia, a hoʻopaʻaʻia i ka wela. Hāʻawi ia i kahi ikaika,piha, amakei puni. ^. Noho nāʻano likeʻole i loko o HMA, e like me nā hui likeʻole (maikaʻi a puni ka hana) a puni ka hana'Āpils(SMA) (High Rut resistance no ka nui o ka lawena nui), a me nā hui hoʻohuihui e wehe ai
2. ʻO keʻano like me ka asphalt (WMA):Like me HMA, akā i hanaʻia a hoʻopiliʻia ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (maʻamau 20-40 ° C haʻahaʻa). Loaʻa kēia i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā hoʻohui a me nā kaʻina hana e hōʻemi i kaViscosityo kaBourMen kaulike. ^. Hāʻawiʻo WMA i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka honua
3. Cold Mid Dive Asphalt:Ke hoʻohana nei kēiaʻano aBourMen emulsionaʻokiʻoki pahaBourMenʻAʻole pono ia e koi i ka noi no ka noi. Hoʻohana pinepineʻia ia no nā patholes pā, nā hana maʻamau, a iʻole ke kīʻana i nā alanui haʻahaʻa a iʻoleNā mokulele. ^. He haʻahaʻa loa iapihama mua o HMA akāʻoi aku ka maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi e hoʻopili ai,ʻoi aku no nā hana liʻiliʻi a iʻole ma nā wahi mamao.
4. Mostic Asphalt:He hana maikaʻi loa,ʻaʻole i kāwiliʻia me kahi kiʻekiʻeBourMenʻike. Ua ninini pinepineʻiaʻo ia ma mua o ka hoʻopiliʻana a hāʻawi maikaʻiʻiawai waiING adurability. ^. Hoʻohana no Bridge Decking, Sigle, papa, a me nā mea kūikawāPae alanuinā noi.
5. Hoʻololiʻiaʻo Asphalt:Hoʻopili kēia i ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā polymers a iʻole nā ​​modine'ē aʻe i kaBourMen kaulikeE hoʻonui i nā waiwai kiko'ī e like me ka elasticity, kū'ē i ka hakakāʻana a iʻole ka hanaʻana, a hana ma waena o kahi mau mahana o ka mahana. ʻO nā huahana e likeHoʻololiʻia asphaltOoleʻO ke Aliʻi kūpeʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻeHāʻule i loko o kēiaʻano, i hanaʻia no nā koi koi.

Ke kohoʻana i keʻano kūpono e pili ana i nā mea e like me ka nui o ka uila,Mua, kālā, koiʻia i nā ola ola, a me nā pono hana kūikawā o kaPākuʻina.

No ke aha keʻano o ka mana o ka maikaʻi i keʻano o keʻano o nā mea aloha a me nā huahana tar?

No nā mea hana lokomaikaʻi e like me Mark Thompson'ĀpilsNā Cinders (BourMen) a iʻole kaʻoihanakauNā huahana (Likecoal tar pitch) E pili ana i kahiʻoi aku ma mua o ka loaʻaʻana o ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka mālama maikaʻiʻo ia no ka hana no ka hana a me ka lōʻihi o ka huahana hope loa - inā paha hePae alanui, kahi anumini anoa, a iʻole he palepāpale- E hilinaʻi koʻikoʻi i nā waiwai o ka pā. Kūlikeʻole a iʻole a iʻole nā ​​mea i hikiʻole ke alakaʻi i keʻano o ka hanaʻole, e hoʻoponopono hou ana, e hana ana i ka downtime, a me nā pilikia palekana.

E hoʻomaka ana e hoʻomaka mau i ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi me ka hana hana hana. Nā mea hoʻolako hilinaʻi, e like me kā mākouʻoihana ma Kina me 7 mau hana hana, nā loiloi kūpono i nāʻano likeʻole -ʻO ka ailaʻailanā hiʻohiʻona noBourMen, oluaCOLD TREARNo ka pitch) e nānā i nāʻano hana hana (FamilyʻO nā mahana, e kāwili ana i nā kiko'ī) a me ka ho'āʻoʻana i ka huahana hope loa. Nā hōʻailona nui noBourMenE komo i ka helu helu helu (paʻakikī), e hoʻouluʻia ana i ke kūlana No kacoal tar pitch, keʻano nui o nā mea koʻikoʻi, nā waiwai nui, nā waiwai waiwai, nā mea insoline insolution (qi), a me nā infuene insolutions (ti)kaulikei nā mea uila.

Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hōʻoia i ka mea e loaʻa ai iā lākou nā mea i loaʻa iā lākou e hui i nā kiko'ī e pono aii nā manawa āpau. ^. Hoʻokomo kēia i ka noiʻana i nā pepa kiko'ī No nā noi koʻikoʻi, hiki i nā mea kūʻai aku ke hana i kā lākou kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa ma mua o kaʻaeʻana i kahi hoʻouna. ʻO ka hoʻolimalimaʻana i ka mana o ka mana o ka mana o ka mana nui e pale ai i nā uku nui a me nā poʻo i lalo i ka laina e pili ana i ka hanaʻole. He mea pono kēia koina i ka wā e pili ana i nā mea e like me'Āpilsakau, kahi i hiki ai i nāʻano likeʻole ke hopena i ka hana.

Ke hoʻokele nei i nā hōʻoia a me nā logistic: He aha nā mea kūʻai aku e like me Mark Thompson Pono eʻike

Ma waho aʻe o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, nā mea kūʻai aku e like me Mark Thompson, Sourcing'ĀpilsakauʻO nā huahana mai nā'āina e like me Kina a iʻole Vietnam, e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua e pili ana i nā hōʻoia a me nā loiloi. Ke hōʻoia nei i ka hoʻopiʻiʻana a me ka paleʻana i nā delays koi pono e nānā pono i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona. Pono nā mea kūʻai aku e hāʻawi i ka palapala pololei a hōʻoia i ka palapala e hoʻokō ai i nā hoʻoponopono a me ka hōʻoluʻolu i nā koi o nā mea kūʻai aku.

Nā hōʻoia:E loaʻa pinepine nā hopohopo nui:

• Hoʻolilo Manaʻo;Iso 9001 Palapala hōʻoia e hāʻawi ana i ka hōʻoia o ka'ōnaehana hoʻokele waiwai kūpono.
• Ke ola olakino:Ke hilinaʻi nei i ka huahana a me kona mau mea i hoʻohanaʻia, e pili ana i nā mea hōʻoia e pili ana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe (e.g., iso 14001) e pono ai. Pono nā mea kūʻai aku i ka wary o nā palapala hōʻoia, he kumu paʻakikī paʻakikī, a pono e hōʻoia i nā hōʻoia hōʻoia kūʻokoʻa inā hiki.
• Nā kiko'ī huahana:Nā palapala hōʻoia o ka loiloi (COA) no kēlā me kēia pākaukau, e hōʻoia ana i ka'Āpils, BourMen, a i olekauUa hālāwai nā huahana i nā kiko'ī iʻaeʻia i nā kiko'ī

Logistics:ʻO nā loiloi kūpono he mea nui loa e pale ai i nā mea kūʻai aku, hiki ke hōʻole i nā hana hana. E pili ana nā manaʻo nui:

• PAHOPPING:ʻO nā huahana e likecoal tar pitcha paʻa pahaBourMene hoʻounaʻia i nāʻeke, nā pahu, a iʻole nā ​​poloka paʻa. WaiBourMenkoi i nā tankers i hāpaiʻia a iʻole nā ​​mea paʻa. ʻO ka pale kūpono e pale aku i ka paleʻana a e hōʻoia i ka palekana palekana.
• Nā Kūlana Kūlana (nā incters):Ka wehewehe ponoʻana i nā kuleana no ka hoʻounaʻana, inikua, a me nā hana maʻamau (e.g., cob) he mea nui.
• Nā laina hoʻouna a me nā manawa transit:Ke hana nei me nā laina hoʻouna kālā hilinaʻi a me ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i nā manawa transitistic maoli e kōkua i ka hoʻolālāʻana.
• Customs clerent:Ke hōʻoia nei i nā palapala āpau e pono ai
• Ke kamaʻilioʻana:ʻO ke kamaʻilioʻana mai ke kamaʻilioʻana mai ka mea hoʻolako e pili ana i ke kūlana hoʻouna, he nui nā palapala, a me nā palapala he koʻikoʻi. ʻO ka kamaʻilio kūpono he mea hoʻonāukiuki nui no nā mea kūʻai aku.

Ke kamaʻilio nei i kēia mau helu e pili pono anaE noho a me Asphalthuahana.

Ke koho nei i kāu mea kūʻai aku: nā mea'ē aʻe ma waho o ke kumukūʻai no Asphalt a me Bithumen

ʻOiaiʻo ke kumukūʻai hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū mau nō ia,ʻikeʻia nā luna hoʻolālā iʻikeʻia e koho i kahi mea kūʻai no nā mea koʻikoʻi e like me'Āpils, BourMen, a i oleCOLD TREARHoʻopili nā huahana i ka loiloiʻana ma mua o ke kumu kūʻai wale nō. Pono,ʻo keʻano kūpono, ke kākoʻo maikaʻi, a ke kākoʻoʻana, a me ke kamaʻilio e like me, ināʻaʻole he mea hou, ināʻaʻole he mea hou, he mea nui no kahi hui lōʻihi. ʻO keʻano mai ka hoʻomohalaʻana i nā'āina e like me Kina ke hāʻawi i nā kumukūʻai kūpono, akā pono e nānā pono i nā mea kūʻai aku.

ʻO nā kumu nui e noʻonoʻo ai i ke kohoʻana i kahi mea kūʻai aku:

1. Hōʻike Hōʻike Hōʻike Manaʻo & Hōʻike:E nānā i nā mea i hoʻokumuʻia me nā makahiki o kaʻike i ka hanaʻana i nā huahana kiko'ī āu e pono ai (e.g.ʻO ka asphalt wela, ʻO ke Aliʻi kūpeʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, coal tar pitch). Hōʻike pinepine kaʻike i nā hana hanaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokeleʻana a me nā mea hana pilikia. ʻO kā mākouʻO ka hale kūʻai kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka mea kūʻai aku'ōlelo'ōlelo i kēia.
2. Ka hiki i ka hana a me ka hiki:E hōʻoia i ka lawa o ka mea hoʻolako (e like me kā mākou mau laina 7 e hoʻokō pono ai i kāu mau koi a iʻole e hana i nā huahana kiko'ī a iʻole nā ​​huahana i hoʻololiʻia.
3. ʻO nā Pūnaewele Mana Pūnaewele:E hōʻoia i ko lākou hana pilikino a me nā hōʻoia o nā mea hōʻoia (ISO 9001). Ke makemake nei lākou e hāʻawi i nā hopena hoʻokolohua batch a hoʻokipa i nā'ōlelo maʻamauʻekolu?
4. Nā Kūlana Kūlana:ʻOiai ināʻaʻole he loea kumu kūʻai, pono e loaʻa ka mea hoʻolako eʻike i nā limahanaʻike e hiki ke kamaʻilioʻia, a me nā pahuhopu kūpono. ʻOiai eʻikeʻo Mark Thompson i ke kūʻai aku, loaʻa kahi leka uila e pili anahanahoʻomaopopo ua waiwai nui kaʻaoʻaoʻenehana.
5. Kamaʻilio & pane:Loiloi i kā lākouʻano kamaʻilio. Ua wikiwiki lākou, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ke kūleʻa? ʻO ke kamaʻilio maikaʻi he mea nui no ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i nā pilikia a me ka hoʻokeleʻana i nā loglies
6. Logistics & palapala:E nānā i ko lākouʻike me ka laweʻana i kāu'āina (USA, Europe, etc.). Hiki iā lākou ke lawelawe i ka pale i koiʻia, e hoʻonohonoho ana i nā hoʻonohonohoʻana, a hāʻawi i ka palapala kūpono?
7. Hilinaʻi & hilinaʻi:E nānā no ke hoʻololiʻana a me ka makemake e kūkulu i kahi pilina lōʻihi. ʻO nā kuhikuhi a iʻole nā ​​kipa pūnaewele (inā hiki ke kōkua) hiki ke kōkua i ke kūkulu i ka hilinaʻi. Ke hele nei i kaʻoihanaNā hōʻikeʻikeHe ala maikaʻi e hālāwai ai i nā mea hana i ka maka i ka maka a me ka maka o kā lākouʻoihana.

Ke nānā wale nei ma ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa hiki ke alakaʻi i nā kumukūʻai i hiki ke pili i nā kumukūʻai maikaʻi e pili ana i ka maikaʻi, nā mea kūʻai aku, a iʻole nā ​​mea hana e pili ana i nā mea kūʻai aku. ʻO kahi mea hāʻawi maikaʻi i kahi hoa hana ma kāu kūleʻa.

Ke ala i mua

Ka wā e hiki mai anaPaʻi alanuiA me ka'ĀpilsKe hoʻonui nui nei kaʻoihana i ke kuleana o ke kūlana a me ke kuleana kūloko. Oiai'ĀpilsUaʻikeʻia nā pale no kā lākoudurabilitya pilika waiwaiʻO ke kumukūʻai o ke ola, keʻano o nā hana e hana ai iā lākou e hana i ka gilter.Hōʻano houe pāʻani ana i kahi hana nui ma kēia.

ʻO Asphalt Pavementʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui loa i loko o ka honua. Hiki ke weheʻia nā wahi likeʻo Asphalted Asphalt (Rap) mai nā ala kahiko'Āpils. ^. Ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka rap e hōʻemi i ka pono no ka wahineBourMenaAggregate, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka ikehu i ka wā e hana ai. Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia ka nui o nā paila o Rap e hoʻohana me kaʻole o ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i ka hana pānaʻi, hana'Āpilskahi koho kūpono loa no kaNā Papa alanui. ^. Nāʻenehana e like me ke kāwili mahana'Āpils(WMA) Hāʻawi pū kekahi e ka hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻana i nā mahana hana, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka fuel a me nā emissions.

Eia kekahi, hoʻomau mau noiʻi i hoʻomohala i nā bio-binders bidents (i loaʻa mai nā huahana aila a me nā'āpana āpau no ka'āpanaBourMen. ^. Nā innovations ma ka papa hana hoʻolālā e hana i nā ala lōʻihi ("mau'āpana mau loa" ʻO kaʻoihana eʻimi nei i nā ala e hoʻonui ai i ka hana o ka hana o'Āpilsme ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā milii a me nā hoʻohuiʻana, e alakaʻi ana i nā paila eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka nui loaMuanā kūlana, e hoʻonui ana i ko lākou ola lawelawe a hāʻawi i ke ola holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiai e like me nā mea maʻamau e like aiBourMennoho aliʻi,ʻo ke kaʻa e hele ana i nā hopena garter e hoʻomau i ka'ĀpilsLandscape.

ʻO ke kī nui: Asphalt vs Tar vs Bithumen

E hōʻuluʻulu wikiwiki i nā kumu nui:

• Butlumen:He'okeʻele,Viscous, Ho'liʻu Ana kaulikemai kaFamilynoʻO ka ailaʻaila (petroleum). ʻO ia ka "Glue" i loko'ĀpilsPā'ālua.
• Tar (cals tar):He'okeʻele,ʻO ka wai paʻakaii hanaʻia e kaʻO ka hanaʻinoʻana o ka lole. ^. Kaohiʻana maiBourMen, me nā manaʻo kiʻekiʻe loa a me nā manaʻo olakino e pili ana i ka hoʻololiʻana i kona hoʻohanaʻana i kona hoʻohanaʻana i ka hanaʻana. ʻOi aku ka nui no kekahi mau noiʻenehana (e.g., electrode binders e like mecoal tar pitch).
• Asphalt (pavement):Kahi mea hoʻohui i hanaʻia e ka huiʻanaBourMen(kakaulike) meAggregate(nā pōhaku, sur, gravel). ʻO kēiaʻanoʻano hana i ka paʻapunino nā alanui,Nā mokulele, Etc.
• Nā meaʻokoʻa:Mua (petroleumvs.lānahu), nā mea hoʻohālikelike (adiphatic vs. ahutic vs aromatic), nā noi mua, a me nā hana olakino olakino / pili honua.
• Paina i kēia lā: BourMen-Hiki'Āpilsʻo ia ka maʻamau no kēia wāPaʻi alanuiMa muli o ka hana maikaʻi a me nā loli olakino e hoʻohālikelikeʻia aikau. Kauua hoʻohana pinepineʻia no nā alanui hou.
• Nā meaʻike maikaʻi:ʻO ka maikaʻi maoli, hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā hōʻoia hōʻoia, a me nā loiloi kūpono e pili ana i keʻano o ka waiʻana'Āpilsnā poloka a iʻolekaunā huahana i loko. Ke koho nei i ka mea hoʻolako kūpono e pili ana i ka nānāʻana ma mua o ke kumukūʻai.
• Sustaintability:'Ōlelo'ĀpilsUa kaumaha nui kaʻoihanahōʻano hou(Rap) a me ka hoʻomohalaʻana i nāʻenehana loea Green e like me Wma a me Bio-Binders.

ʻO kaʻikeʻana i kēia mauʻano e kōkua ana i ke kohoʻana i nā mea kūpono a me nā mea kūʻai aku no nā pono hana a me nā pono hana.