Jirgin ruwan kwalba na pitches (CTPVVs)wani rikitaccen batun ne, musamman game dayanayin aikiA cikin masana'antu kamargoron ruwasmelting. Idan kun shiga cikin siyan, kamar Mark Thompson daga Amurka, ko aiki a cikin sassan da ke amfani da samfuran gado, fahimtar yiwuwarhaɗarida kuma yadda zaka iya sarrafa shi yana da mahimmanci. Wannan labarin yana nufin ya lalata CTPVs, tattauna abubuwan da suke ciki, kuma bincika yadda kishi da ke ɗauka, kamar kayan ƙoshinmu da muke samarwa a masana'antarmu, zasu iya ba da gudummawa ga mahalli aikin mu. Za mu shiga cikin abin daNioshda sauran jikin sun ce, kuma me yasa wannan bayanin yana da mahimmanci don ayyukan ku da kuma kyautatawa ma'aikatun ku. Ga wanda yake yin amfani da kayanCTPVSzai iya zama damuwa, ko ga waɗanda suke fatan fahimtar wannanabuZai fi kyau, wannan jagorar zata samar da ma'anar mahimmanci.
Menene daidai shine farkon rami na jirgin ruwa (CTPVVs)?
Kuna iya yin mamaki, menene waɗannankwalban kwalba(CTPVS) Mun ji? A saukake,CTPVSA cikin hadaddun cakuda ƙura, mai tursasawa, da gas waɗanda ake saki lokacin da aka sake da kwalayen kwal ko kwalban kwalta. WannanZafar maitsari ne gama gari a aikace-aikacen masana'antu daban-daban. Kwalwal da kanta wani ruwa ne mai kauri, ruwan baki, da samfurindistillationOrd na gida don samarwacokeko gas mai. Lokacin da aka ƙara yin wannan binciken kwalba, alal misali, don ƙirƙirar filin fili, ana samar da waɗannan masu canzawa. Abun da ke ciki naCTPVSna iya bambanta, amma sun sanannu don ɗaukar kewayonpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(Pahs).
WaɗannanPahskungiya ce ta sama da 100na kemistrimahadi, da yawa daga cikinsu suna da damuwa gaKiwon muhalli. Wasu daga cikin takamaimanPahssau da yawa samu a cikiCTPVSsun hada da sunayen da suka saba wa waɗanda suketattalin arziki, kamarpyrene, anthraceene, daPhenantthrene. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci hakanAna amfani da kunshin maiA yawancin sassan, da sakin waɗannanvolatileswani bangare ne na tafiyar matakai da ya shafi jiyya na zafi. A matsayin masana'antar gwaninta a cikiBabban Haske Karo Jigo Da Mai Ba da kaya, muna sane da yanayin waɗannan kayan da mahimmancin fahimtar halayensu. Babban damuwa tare daCTPVStaso daga yiwuwaryanayin aikida kuma kiwon lafiya mai alaƙahaɗari.
Me yasa yanayin aikin aji ya shafi CTPVS babban damuwa?
Babban dalilinyanayin aikizuwaCTPVSbabban abin damuwa ne saboda sucarcinogenickaddarorin. Da yawa daga cikinPahscikinkwalban kwalbaan rarrabe su kamar sanannen ko ake zargi da ɗan adamcarcinogens. Wannan yana nufin cewa tsawan ko babban matakinbayyanana iya ƙara haɗarin bunkasa wasu nau'ikanciwon kanser. Hukumar Kula da Kasa da Kasa kan Cinikin Ciner (iARC), wani bangare na Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, ya tsara littafin kwal kamar yadda carcinogenic ga mutane (rukuni 1). Wannan ba batun da za a ɗauka da sauƙi ba, kuma yana ba da izinin buƙatar ikon sarrafawa a wuraren aiki indaHaske zuwa filin jirgin ruwamai yiwuwa ne.
Bayan hadarinciwon kanser, bayyanazuwaCTPVSna iya haifar da kewayon wasuTasirin lafiya sakamakona duka biyum da na kullumyanayi. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da haushi fata da ɗaukar hoto (yin fata fiye da hasken rana), da kuma matsalolin numfashi. Ma'aikatafallasa zuwa kwalKashi kayayyakin na iya fuskantar bayyanar cututtuka kamar tari, buri, ko mashako. Saboda haka, fahimta da gudanar dahaɗarihade daCTPVSba kawai buƙatun sarrafawa bane amma abu ne na ɗabi'a don kare ma'aikaciKiwon lafiya da aminci. Makasudin koyaushe shine rage girmanbayyanaga mafi ƙasƙanci matakin.
Wadanne masana'antu ne, musamman samar da aluminum, fuskantar hadarin CTPV fallasa?
Masana'antu da yawa sun haɗa da matakai waɗanda zasu iya haifar dayanayin aikizuwakwalban kwalba. Daya daga cikin mafi mahimmanci shine firamareGirma. AAluminium shafa, musamman amfani da fasahar Söderberg ko a cikin samar da kayan gani, an yi amfani da filin da aka yi amfani da shi a matsayin mai ba da labariainihin gawayianodes. Babban yanayin zafi da hannu a cikin waɗannan hanyoyin suna haifar da volatilization naPahs. Wannan yana sagoron ruwaManufar yankin mabuɗin mayar da hankali ga CTPV.
Sauran masana'antu tare da mFitowa CTPVSHadari sun hada da:
- Coke tandaAyyuka: Ma'aikata aCoke tandaTsire-tsire suna daga cikin yawan karatu donFitowa CTPVSda sakamakon lafiyar ta.
- Kwal ne na distillation: inda aka sarrafa kashin mai cikin rami,dabbar jirgin ruwa, da sauran samfuran.
- Saukewa: Aikace-aikacen kayan gida na leburrufiruwa mai hana ruwaCTPVS, musamman idan lokacin mai zafi.
- Paving: wasu musammankwaltaAikace-aikace, kodayake ƙasa gama gari yanzu, na iya haɗawa da kwalta.
- An yi amfani da masana'antu na lantarki mai hoto: Filin da ake amfani dashi azaman mai sanyaya anan.
- Abubuwan da ke ciki: An yi amfani da filin wasan kwal a wasu lokuta a cikin kayan gyara ko wanke gashi.
A cikin gwaninta na a matsayin mai ba da kayayyaki kamarBabban zazzabi na zazzabi, Na ga ta yaya bambancin aikace-aikacen waɗannan kayan za su iya zama, kuma yana ƙarfafa buƙatar wayar da hankali a fadin sassan.
Ta yaya bayyanar CTPV yawanci tana faruwa a cikin masana'antar aluminum?
A cikinGirmaTsarin tsari, musamman a cikin smelters, filin jirgin ruwa wani yanki ne mai mahimmanci. Yana aiki a matsayin mai ba da abinci ga mai petrooleumcokeDon samar da kayan carbon, waɗanda aka cinye yayin raguwar ragi na alumbin a kangoron ruwa. BabbahanyanabayyanazuwaCTPVSGa ma'aikata a cikin wannantattalin arzikiTa hanyar shan sigari, ƙura, da kuma cututtukan da aka kirkira lokacin da aka gasa waɗannan kayan haɗin ko lokacin smelting tsari da kanta. Babban yanayin zafi yana haifar da filin don bazu, sakewa da hadaddun cakudaPahsda sauran abubuwan da ke cikin kwayoyin halitta a cikin iska mai aiki.
Yi tunani game da muhalli a cikin tukunyarAluminium shafaCibiyar. Yana da zafi, kuma akwai mai gudana halayen da ke tattare da zabe. Wannan shine inda mafi girman yuwuwarFitowa CTPVSsau da yawa karya ne. Ayyuka kamar saiti, zazzage molten ƙarfe, da ayyukan gyara a kusa da tukwane duk suna ba da gudummawa gajirgin sama bayyana. Yayinda Contact Contra tare da filaye-gurbata shima zai yiwuhanyanabayyana, inhalation naCTPVSgabaɗaya ya ɗauka mafi mahimmancihaɗariBayar da gudummawa ga tsarinTasirin lafiya sakamakondaga wadannan mahadi.
Menene iyakokin bayyanar da iyakokin gidan cin kwallaye na jirgin ruwa?
Don kare ma'aikata, jikin mahara da kungiyoyin kiwon lafiya sun kafaiyakokin bayyanardon \ dominCTPVS. A cikinU.s., daCibiyar Kasadomin aminci da lafiya (Niosh) da aikin tsaro da kiwon lafiya (OSHA) sune manyan 'yan wasa.Nioshyana bada shawarar iyaka da aka fallasa (ROM) donkwalban kwalba(an auna shi azamanKashi Benzene-mai narkewana gaba daya barbashi kwayoyin) na0.1MG / M³ azaman matsakaita lokacin da ke da nauyi (Twa) na tsawon kwana 10, aikin awa 40.Niosh yayi la'akari da kinfitch ya zama yuwuwarsana'a carcinogen.
OSHAyana da iyaka bayyanawa (PEL) donkwalban kwalba(benzene-soluble) na 0 mg / m³. Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan iyakokin an tsara su ne don rage haɗarin, amma falsafar, musamman doncarcinogenicabubuwa, galibi ana kiyayewabayyanakamar yadda ya zama mai hankali (Alara). Bugu da ƙari,Nioshya kafa wani hatsari zuwa rai ko lafiya (IDLH) darajarCTPVSA 80 MG / M³. WannanIDLHDarajar yana wakiltar taro daga abin da ma'aikaci zai tsere ba tare da wahalar da illa mai da ba da izini ba ko kuma lalata da zai hana tsere a lokacin da gazawar numfashi. Sarrafabayyanayadda ya kamata ya bukaci zama da kyau a ƙasa waɗannan iyakokin.
Ta yaya aka auna CTPV da aka auna a wurin aiki?
Auna da gudanar da waniyawan harajinaFitowa CTPVSA cikin wurin aiki shine mataki mai mahimmanci a cikin kare lafiyar ma'aikata. Wannan yawanci ya ƙunshi samammen iska don ƙayyade taro najirgin sama CTPVS. Hanyar da aka fi amfani da itaKashi Benzene-mai narkewana duka kwayoyin halitta tara akan tacewa. Wannan qarancin ana ɗaukarsa alama ce taPahsabun ciki. Ana amfani da kayan aikin tsabtace masana'antu na musamman don zana sanannen sanannen iska ta hanyar samfurin fipling) akan ƙayyadadden lokaci, sau da yawa cikakken aiki, don samun sau biyubayyanamatakin.
Mmisaliiya haɗawa da cikakken bayanina kemistribincike don gano da musayar takamaimanPahskamarpyrene, Benzo [A] Pyrene, koanthraceene. Wannan na iya samar da cikakken hoto nabayyanabayanin martaba. Shirye-shiryen Kulawa na yau da kullun suna da mahimmanci, musamman a wuraren haɗari kamarCoke tandaBatura koAluminium shafakwalekwale. Bayanan da aka tattara daga wannanyawan harajiTaimaka wa:
- Tantance idaniyakokin bayyanarana wuce haka.
- Gano babbanbayyanaayyuka ko wurare.
- Kimanta tasirin matakan sarrafawa.
- Tabbatar da yarda daOSHAka'idodi.
- Bayar da mahimmancibayanan gubadon bincike na annoba.
Mene ne babban tasirin kiwon lafiya wanda ya haifar da bayyanar CTPV?
DaTasirin lafiya sakamakondagayanayin aikizuwakwalban kwalbababban damuwa ne, da farko sabodacarcinogenicYanayin da yawa daga cikin mazinarta. Na dogon lokacibayyanayana da alaƙa da haɗarin haɗarin cutar kansa.Ciwon daji na huhubabban haɗari ne, musamman ma ma'aikata a cikin mahalli tare da babbajirgin samamaida hankali naCTPVS, kamar tarihiCoke tandaSaiti. Fataciwon kanserWani babban damuwa ne, galibi yakan haifar da kayan fata na fata tare da samfuran mai ko kuma marasa daidaituwa mara kyau, wanda yake da martaba ta hanyar ɗaukar hoto. Hakanan akwai shaidu da ke nuna hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa zuwamafitsara ciwon kansada masu cutar kansa nanarkewatsarin, da kuma yiwuwarkoda koda.
Bayanciwon kanser, akwaim da na kullumsakamakon ciwon kare kansa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da:
- Abubuwan da suka shafi lalata:Fuskar fata, Dermatitis, da Phototoxicicicicticicicicicicticiciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciciticicity (mai zafi kunshin rana kamar halayen ranabayyanaBayan hulɗa daCTPVS).
- Matsalolin numfashi:Haushi na numfashi na numfashi, mashaya, da kuma yiwuwar ragehuhuaiki.
- Gaggawa:Kona, jan launi, da rashin jin daɗi.
DaShirin Kasa da Kasa'sRahoton akan carcinogensYana jera Tasirin kwal-r fitscarcinogens. Wannanganewaya dogara ne da yawaannobakaratu dagubaBincike, gami daNazarin Macebincike a cikin fursunoni masu fallasa. Fahimtar wadannan hadarin shine mataki na farko game da rigakafin rigakafi da ragewa.
Wane irin aiki ne niosh da OSHA taka a cikin tsarin haɗarin CTPV?
DaCibiyar Kasadomin aminci da lafiya (Niosh) da aikin tsaro da kiwon lafiya (OSHA) Yin mahimmanci, Albeit daban, Matsayi a Magana dahaɗarinaFitowa CTPVSa cikinU.s. Niosh, wani ɓangare na cibiyoyin kula da cuta da rigakafin, shi ne kawai bincikewurin haifuwa. Tana gudanar da bincike na kimiyya akan haɗarin aiki iri-iri, ciki har dana kemistribayyanawa kamarCTPVS. Dangane da wannan binciken,NioshAbubuwan da ke haɓaka don hana raunin da ya faru da cututtuka masu alaƙa, gami da iyakance iyakokin fallasa (dogara) da jagora don sarrafawabayyana. "Ka'idojinsu don daidaitaccen daidaitaccen: Compertaddamar da kayan aikin jakadun kwal" muhimmin takarda ne a wannan yankin.
OSHA, a gefe guda, hukumar ce ta zamani karkashin sashen ma'aikata. Manufa shi ne tabbatar da ingantacciyar yanayin aiki mai lafiya ta hanyar sa da kuma inganta ka'idoji da kuma samar da horo, kai tsaye, da taimako.OSHAya kafa doka bisa ga iyakancewar bayyananniyar halaye (pels) don abubuwa daban-daban, gami dakwalban kwalba. Waɗannan ɓangare ne na mafi girmaStandars na Sama na masana'antu(29 cfr 1910.1000). Lokacin daNioshbada shawara,OSHAiyagwadada tilastawa. DaHukumar kare muhalli(EPA) kuma tana taka rawa ta hanyar tsaraba hakanaPahskamar yaddaiska masu lalatacikin yanayin gaba ɗaya, wanda zai iya tsara ayyukan wuraren aiki da rage gaba ɗayafolushiyon.
Ta yaya za mu rage haɗarin haɗarin CTPV cikin saitunan ayyuka?
MITTARAhaɗarinayanayin aikizuwakwalban kwalbayana buƙatar tsarin kulawa da yawa, galibi ana kiransa da matsayi na sarrafawa. Mafi yawan dabarun da suka dace suna maida hankali kan kawar da ko ragehaɗaria tushen sa. Wannan ya hada da:
- Gudanar da Injiniya:An tsara waɗannan don cire ko rage gurbata a cikin iska. Misalai sun hada da:
- Samfuran da ke cikin gida (Lev) tsarin a maki naba haka, kamarCoke tandaBatura ko kayan aluminum smleting.
- Rufaffiyar hanyoyin aiwatarwaCTPVSdaga tserewa cikin yanayin aikin.
- Canjin tsari, watakila amfani da kayan da ke haifar da ƙarancin maras sauƙaƙe idan ba zai yiwu ba.
- Gudanar da Gudanarwa:Waɗannan sun haɗa da canje-canje a cikin ayyukan aiki ko hanyoyin. Misalai sun hada da:
- Rage yawan ma'aikata fallasa ko tsawon lokacinbayyana.
- Aiwatar da takamaiman hanyoyin aiki na aiki don ayyuka tare da babbabayyanam.
- Kafa yankunan da aka ƙuntatawa.
- Kayan kariya na mutum (PPE):Ana ganin wannan layin ƙarshe na tsaro lokacin da sauran sarrafawa ba za su iya rage iskar komai babayyana. Don \ dominCTPVS, PPE na iya haɗawa da:
- Kariya ta numfashi (E.g., masu tsinkayen iska masu tsarkakewa tare da katangar da suka dace don ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ɓarkewar numfashi don mafi girma taro).
- Albarka mai kariya don hana Sashin Fata
- Ido da fuskar fuska.
Horar da ma'aikaci da ilimi game da haɗarinCTPVSkuma ayyukan aminci masu aminci suma suna parammount. A matsayin mai ba da kaya, yawanci muna tattauna hanyoyin aiwatar da hanyoyin da samfuran muKwalban kwalbaDon taimakawa abokan ciniki ƙarfafa waɗannan matakan aminci a ƙarshensu. Na ƙa'idaKiwon lafiya da aminciduba damisalina matakan sarrafawa tabbatar sun ci gaba da ci gaba.
Alkawarinmu a ZGFTY: fifiko mafi inganci don rage damuwar CTPV
Kamar yadda Allen, wanda ke wakiltar masana'antar samarwa ta bakwai a kasar Sin, Ina so in tabbatar da abokan ciniki kamar Arewacin Amurka da Turai, da Australia da muke daukar damuwar da muke cikikwalban kwalbasosai da gaske. An gina tsarin kasuwancinmu akan wadatarwaBabban kayan kwalba na kwalba da man cokali. Mun fahimci cewa ingancin kayan abinci na iya tasiri ga halaye naba hakaA lokacin amfaninsu, alal misali, a cikiAluminium shafako lokacin amfani dashisa a kan hanyaHanyoyi tare da musammankwalta.
Mun yi imani da cewa ta hanyar mai da hankali kan ingantaccen iko na products kamar namuMatsakaici Tashin zazzabiko maki daban-daban na petroumcoke, muna ba da gudummawa ga ƙarin abubuwan da ake faɗi da sarrafawa don abokan cinikinmu. Yayin da mutanenCTPVSyana da mahimmanci ga amfani da waɗannan kayan a yanayin zafi mai sauƙi, daidaituwa, ingancin gaskeabuna iya nuna hali game da tsinkaya, gaban a cikin ƙira da tasiri na matakan sarrafawa. Muna da fifikon sadarwa mai gaskiya kuma tabbatar da kayayyakinmu sun cika ka'idodin na duniya, takaddawa da ya kamata. Wannan adireshin da ke magance matsalolin da aka kawo game da binciken abubuwa da ingantaccen takardu wanda zai iya zama mai zafi yayin ma'amala da ƙarancin masu ba da izini. Manufarmu ita ce zama abokin tarayya wajen inganta aminciaikin zamamahalli.
Yanayin sarrafawa na sarrafawayanayin aikizuwaCTPVSkoyaushe yana ci gaba. Akwai ci gaba mai gudana ta hanyar ilimi da kuma a cikintattalin arzikiDon nemo hanyoyin da za a ci gaba da rage aikibayyanakuma inganta aminci. Wannan ya hada da bincike na bincike zuwa samfuran filin, kamar bunkasaGyara asphaltda sauran abubuwan da aka lalata na kwalastun kwaldodin da zasu iya samun ƙananan abun ciki mai sauƙi ko canjawaPahsBayanan martaba, mai yiwuwa ne ya haifar da raguwaCTPVS TAFIYA. Sabbin hanyoyin injiniya, kamar ƙarin ingantaccen tsarin iska ko ingantaccen tsari na kewayawa don tafiyar matakai kamarCoke tandaAyyuka koGirma, suna da maɓalli.
Bugu da ƙari, ci gaba a cikin fasahar sa ƙayyadaddun kuɗi na iya samar da ƙarin daidaito kuma na ainihiyawan harajinabayyanamatakan, ba da izinin amfani da sauri. Mafi kyawun ayyukan ƙara nan da hankaliKiwon lafiya da aminciTsarin Gudanarwa, Haɗaɗe CTPV sarrafaKiwon muhallida shirye-shiryen aminci. Haɗin kai tsakanin masana'antu (kamar alumini, karfe, daainihin gawayiMasana'antar Masana'antu), Jikin Runduna kamarOSHAdaHukumar kare muhalli, da kungiyoyi masu bincike kamarNioshyana da mahimmanci. Raba ilimi,bayanan guba, da kuma manyan dabarun sarrafawa zasuyi mahimmanci don kare na yanzu da na gabaYawan jama'ana ma'aikata daga haɗarin da ke tattare da shikwalban kwalba. A matsayinmu na mai gabatarwa, mun kuduri aniyar da hankali game da wannan ci gaba da kuma dakatar da ayyukanmu don tallafawa mafi kyawun amfani da kayayyakinmu.
Key Titauna don tunawa:
- Jirgin ruwan kwalba na pitches (CTPVVs)suna da hadaddun gauraya, da farko kunadaSolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (phs), an saki lokacin da aka saki lokacin da aka mai da shi.
- Yanayin aikizuwaCTPVSshi ne mai mahimmanci lafiyahaɗari, tare da hanyoyin shigaciwon kanser(musammanhuhu, Fata,mafitsara) da sauran yanayin numfashi da yanayin fata.
- Masana'antu kamarGirma, Coke tandaAyyuka, da kuma rufewa suna fuskantar mafi girman haɗarinFitowa CTPVS.
- NioshdaOSHABayar da Jagora da Ka'idodi (RELS ne da PLEL, Sau da yawa sun dogara daKashi Benzene-mai narkewa) iyakabayyana. IDLHdabi'u suna nuna matakan haɗarin m.
- Mitiggation ya ƙunshi iko da injiniya, sarrafawa na gudanarwa, da kayan kariya na mutum (PPE).
- Ingancin Kayan Kayan Kayan Ciki na iya tasiriCTPVS TAFIYA; Masu martaba masu martaba suna maida hankali kan daidaito da riko da ka'idodi.
- Bincike mai gudana da haɗin gwiwa sune mabuɗin don inganta gudanarwa naFitowa CTPVSda haɓaka amincin ma'aikaci a cikintattalin arziki.
- Fahimta da gudanar da hadarin da hadarinCTPVSyana da mahimmanci ga duka bin umarnin da ke tattare da kuma, mafi mahimmanci, kare lafiyar ma'aikata daga wannan yuwuwarcarcinogenic abu.
Lokaci: 05-09-2025