Aspapt vs Bitumen: Daidaita bambance-bambance don yin kwalliya, manyan motoci, da amfani da masana'antu

Rikice game dakwalta, kwalta, dabitumen? Ba kai bane. Waɗannan sharuɗɗan galibi ana amfani dasu masu canzawa, musamman yayin magana game da hanyoyi dadutsiya, amma suna magana da daban-daban abubuwa tare da asali daban-daban, kaddarorin, da aikace-aikace. Fahimtar dabambanci tsakanin bitumen, kwalta, dakwaltayana da mahimmanci ko kuna da hannu cikinhanyar gini, kayan haɓaka don matakan masana'antu kamar aluminum shafa ko masana'antu kawai m game da baƙar fata da ke haifar da hanyoyin mu. Wannan talifin zai lalata waɗannan kayan, yana bayyana abin da kowane ɗayan yake, yadda suka bambanta (Asflt vs tar), kuma me yasa zabar al'amuran da ya dace don aiki,ƙarko, da tsada-tasiri. A matsayin masana'anta tare da kwarewa mai zurfi a samarkwalKayayyaki da man shafawa, za mu raba ra'ayi don taimaka muku yanke shawara game da yanke shawara.

Menene Tashar Tashar da Aka Rubuce shi da farko?

Kwalta, a cikin mahallinhanyar ginida kuma paving, ba abu ɗaya bane amma maimakon wannan kayan aiki. Yi tunanin shi kamar kankare, wanda ke amfani da shisumuntia matsayinmdon \ domintara(kamar sanduna da tsakuwa). Hakazalika,kwaltashimfidar wuri da farko cakudatara(dutse mai rauni, yashi, ko tsakuwa, samar da babban abu na kayan) da am. Damshine mabuɗin sinadari wanda yake riƙe dataratare, samar da tsari da sassauci.

Mafi yawan gama garimamfani a yau zuwayi kwaltamatatto nebitumen. Wannanbitumenan gauraya da masu girma dabam dabam natara- Dagamduwatsu zuwaKyakkyawan tarawaKamar yashi - tare damabu. Ana sarrafa nauyin da aka sarrafa a hankali don cimma takamaiman halaye na aiki. Ana cakuda cakuda (yanayin zafi tsakanin 300 da 350Digiri Celsius), gauraye sosai, sannan kuma an shimfiɗa su kuma har yanzu yana zafi don samar da am, farfajiya. Don haka, lokacin da mutane suke magana game da "hanya ta asphalt"ko"Motar Asfát", galibi suna magana nekwaltakankare, injiniya daidaiCakuda bitumendatara.

Na zamanikwaltaAn tsara abubuwan da aka tsara don takamaimanyanayin iskayanayi da kuma zirga-zirgar ababen hawa. Kadarorin nabitumen mda nau'in / grading nataraMuhimmi tasiri juriya juriya ga fatarar, marhadi, da kuma lalata laima. Da m nakwaltaYana ba da damar injiniyoyi don ƙirƙirar abubuwan da suka dace da komai daga mazauninTufafi da filin ajiye motocikuri'a zuwa manyan hanyoyi masu nauyi. Wannan injiniya a hankaliAsaffic cakuda newanda ke ba da juriya daruwa mai ruwa farfajiyaMun dogara da kullun.

Kawo: Daga ina ya fito ne kuma ta yaya yake da bambanci?

Sabaninkwalta(wanda da gaske yake amfani da shibitumenwanda aka samo dagaman fetur),kwaltawani abu ne daban.Kwaltayawanci ada samfurinsamu dagadistillation distillation na kayan halitta. Wannan yana nufin kayan dumamakwal ko itacein babu iska. Mafi yawan abubuwan da suka fi dacewa da amfani na tarihi da masana'antu kekwal, an samar da shi yayin cocking tsari indakwalyana mai zafi don samar da coke (wanda aka yi amfani da shi) da gas mai.

Kwalshine lokacin farin ciki, baki,ruwa mai kyaudauke da babban taro naaromatic hydrocarbons. Tarihi,kwalan yi amfani dashi azamanma hanyar gini, kaiwa zuwa ga kalmar "tarinmac"(gajeriyar Tarmacadam, hanyar tsagewa ta hanyar Edgar Purnellell Hosoley ya shafikwaltada dutse da aka murƙushe. Koyaya, amfanin sa ya yi amfani da shi ya ƙi a yawancin sassan duniya, da farko saboda damuwar muhalli da kuma rikice-rikice na gargajiya (vocs) ya saki, musamman yayin dumama.

Yayin amfani da shi a cikihanya farfajiyaAikace-aikacen yanzu suna da iyaka,kwalda kuma distilles (kamarKwalban kwalba) Kasance mai mahimmanci kayan masarufi a cikin masana'antu daban daban. Ana amfani dasu a cikin samar da kayan rufin, bututushafiensel, sealts, paints, da mahimmanci, kamar yaddaɗaureDon carbon ohokrodes da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin aluminium shafa da karfe. Na musammanKayan sunadarainakwalban kwal, wanda aka samo dagakwal, sanya shi wani muhimmin sashi inda ake buƙatar aikin zazzabi da takamaiman tsarin carbon. Fahimtar dabambanci tsakanin bitumen dayana farawa da asalinsu:bitumendagamai mai, kwaltadagakwal ko itacedistillation.

Ba a bayyana Basumen ba: Shin wani suna ne don kwalta?

Ga inda yawancin rikice rikice ke kwance. Lokacin dakwaltadabitumensuna da alaƙa, ba iri ɗaya bane, duk da cewa sharuɗɗan galibiamfani da masu musayar, musamman a wasu yankuna.Bitumenshinemkayan wucin gadicikin kwaltashimfidar wuri. Yana dam baki, sosaihakoriSemi-m ko ruwawanda aka samo daga man fetur. Musamman,bitumenshine mafi nauyimurabba'isamu daga gomardistillationnamai mai- Yana da ragowar da aka bari bayan canjiyoyi masu haske kamar fetur, dizal, da mai mai saura mai. Wannan ragowar ana kiranta azamanƙasa ƙasaa cikin tsarin magancewa.

Tsarkakan bitumenda gaske na halitta nem. Babban rawarsa a cikikwaltaGyara shine ɗauretarabarbashi (yashi, tsakuwa, dutse mai crushela) tare, ƙirƙirar cheesive da bargamatafiyaTsarin. Hakanan yana samar da halaye masu hana ruwa; kare yadudduka na hanya daga cikin sharar ruwa.Bitumenda kansa yayi da taushi da zafin jiki-m don amfani dashi azamanhanya farfajiyaa kansa; Yana buƙatar tallafin tsarintara. Yi tunanibitumenKamar yadda manne, kumakwaltaKamar yadda glued (tara da bitumenhade).

Don haka, yayinbitumenmabuɗi nesashiakwaltashimfida,kwaltaYana nufinduk kayan aikinamfani da shi. A wasu sassan duniya (kamar Turai), "Bitumen" shine mafi lokacin da ake amfani da shi don koma zuwa ga mai da aka yi, yayin da ke Arewacin Amurka, "inna asphal ciminti" ko kawai a matsayin "kwalta"Sau da yawa ana amfani da shi don ƙwanƙwasa, da"kwaltakankare "don cakuda ta ƙarshe. Ba tare da la'akari da kalmomin ba,bitumen mai wuya ne, hakori mwanda aka samo dagamai mai, rarrabe dagakwaltawanda ya zo dagakwal.

Asflt vs Bitumen: Menene mahimman bambance-bambance a asalin da kaddarorin?

Bari a bayyana a filiMahimmanci tsakanin kwalta, bitumen, dakwalta. Fahimtar waɗannan bambance-bambance suna da mahimmanci don zaɓin kayan da ya dace don takamaiman aikace-aikace, ko yana fage ahanyako amfani a cikin tsarin masana'antu.

Na asalibambanci tsakanin bitumen dakarya ne a cikin tushensu:bitumenya zo dagaman fetur, yayinkwaltaya samo asali dagakwal(ko wani lokacin itace). Wannan yana haifar da mahimman bambance-bambance a cikin suKayan sunadaraida dacewa don aikace-aikace daban-daban.Kwalta, to, samfurin injiniya neta amfani bitumenKamar yaddaWakilin Bindingdon \ domintaraDon ƙirƙirar mai dorewamatafiya farfajiya. Bitumengaba daya tayimafi kyawun kayan aikinda ƙanananzazzabi mai hadarin zafiidan aka kwatanta da na al'adakwalta, yana sanya shi zabi da aka fi so na zamanihanyar gini.

Shin ana iya amfani da Kogin don ɗaukar hanyoyi da manyan hanyoyi?

Lokacin dakwalta(musammankwal) abu ne na yau da kullun don yin fansa a cikin abin da ya gabata, yana haifar da kalmar "tarinmac, "Amfani da shi a zamanihanyar ginikuma don pavingdutsiyaya ragu cikin kasashe da yawa. Babban dalilan sune damuwar kiwon lafiya da yanayin muhalli da ke hade da abubuwan da ke cikin ƙasa da aka samo a cikikwal. Lokacin da aka yi masa zafi,kwaltaSaki da laima wanda ke kunshe da abubuwa masu cutarwa, ciki har da gawawwen. Bugu da ƙari,kwalta-based sealants amfani daTufafi da filin ajiye motociKuri'a na iya sauke da gurbata ƙasa da ruwa.

A sakamakon haka,bitumen-Kasekwaltaya maye gurbinsukwaltadon aikace-aikace.KwaltaCakuda amfani dabitumenan dauke su gabaɗaya don rike da samar da ƙarancin izini yayin aikace-aikacen. Sun kuma iya bayar da halaye masu kyau, ciki har da sassauƙa mafi girma a gefeYanayin yanayi daban-daban, ingantaƙarko, da mafi kyawun juriya ga stringing (indamya raba dagatara). Yayin da wasu aikace-aikacen da aka tsara ko takamaiman yankuna zasu iya amfani da sukwalta-based samfuran, musamman don Shefecoating, bai sake zama da sababbi bamatafiyagini.

Don aikace-aikacen suna buƙatar takamaiman kaddarorin nakwal, kamar ingancin zazzabi mai girma ko takamaiman tsarin carbon, amfanin sa ya ci gaba cikin saitunan masana'antu masu sarrafawa. Wannan ya hada da masana'antuNa ruwa na musamman don karin gishiri, kayan tuddai, kuma mai mahimmanci,kwalban kwala matsayinmDon carbon okonrodes a cikin aluminum da masana'antu mata. Koyaya, ga mafi yawan ayyukan finafinai (hanya, titin mota, kiliya da yawa),bitumen-Kasekwaltashine mafi kyawun abu da rinjaye.

Ta yaya kaddarorin sinadarai na bitumen da kwal suka yi amfani da amfani?

DabanKayan sunadarainabitumendakwaltasuna da alhakin alhakin halayensu daban-daban da aikace-aikacensu.Bitumen, kasancewa wani saura dagamai mai distillation, ya ƙunshi mafi yawan kwayoyin ruwan hydrocarbuls, gami da asphalenes, suna resins, da mai. Waɗannan abubuwan haɗin suna babitumenhalayyar sahakori, m, daruwa mai ruwakaddarorin, sanya shi mai kyaumdon \ domintaraakwaltatagogi. Damzuwa ma'adinaitarayana da ƙarfi, kuma ana iya canza shi (misali, ta amfani da polymers) don haɓaka aikin musamman a cikin takamaimanyanayin iskas ko a karkashin nauyin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa. Koyaya,bitumenna iya zama mai saukin kamuwa da hadawa da tsufa a kan lokaci, yiwuwar zamagaggautsa.

Kwal, sakamakon dagaDistillarancin distillation na kwal, yana da wadata a cikiaromatic hydrocarbons, gami da polycyclic mai ƙanshi na polyicy hydrocarbons (PAHs). Wannan kayan shafa na sunadarai yana bayarwakwaltakarfin juriya ga ruwa da sunadarai, wanda shine dalilin da yasa aka kimanta ta a wanishafida aikace-aikacen selant. Koyaya,kwaltagabaɗaya yana da mafi girmazazzabi mai hadarin zafifiye dabitumen, ma'ana daidaitonsa yana canzawa tare da canjin zazzabi - zai iya zama mai laushi cikin zafi dagaggautsaA cikin sanyi. Bugu da ƙari, kasancewar Pahs yana tayar da lafiyar kiwon lafiya da damuwa, musamman a aikace-aikace da suka shafi hulda kai tsaye ko kuma samun leaching kamar paving.

WaɗannanKayan sunadaraibayyana ainihin amfanin su.Bitumen'salle neAdves gidaje, kwanciyar hankali na dangi, da ƙananan haɗarin kiwon lafiya suna sa ya dace da yawan manyan kundin da ake buƙata a cikihanyar gini. KwaltaIti-ƙayyadaddiyar juriya da Carbon Tsarin (a yanayin rami) ya sa ya zama dole ga aikace-aikacen masana'antu kamar manyan-zazzabiɗaure(E.G.,Matsakaici Tashin zazzabiwanda aka samo daga ɗakin kwalba na gida) don wayoyin hannu, kwalliyar kwalliya, da kuma wasu hanyoyin ruwa. Dabambanci tsakanin bitumen daA cikin tsarin sunadarai shine ainihin dalilin da ba su canzawa don yawancin amfani.

Menene nau'ikan ruwan sama da aka yi amfani da su a gini?

Kwaltaba abu daya bane mai girma-duka abu. MIri na kwaltaAn tsara gauraya don dalilai iri daban-daban a cikihanyar ginida kiyayewa. Bambancin yawanci ya haɗa da nau'in da daraja nabitumenamfani, girman da nau'intara, gwargwadon kowane bangare, da ƙari na masu maye. Fahimtar wadannan nau'ikan suna taimakawa wajen zabar wanda ya fi dacewa kumana tattalin arzikibayani don aikin da aka bayar.

Anan akwai wasu gama gariIri na kwalta:

1. Motsa Haske (HMA)Wannan shine nau'in da aka fi amfani da shi don manyan hanyoyi,hanyoyi, dadutsiya. Taradabitumensuna mai zafi (galibi tsakanin300 da 350 digiri Celsius) kuma gauraye akwaltaShuka kafin a kwashe zuwa shafin, a dage farawa, kuma an haɗa shi yayin zafi. Yana ba da ƙarfi,m, dam farfajiya. Bambanci yana cikin HMA A cikin HMA, kamar hade-da-gawakwalta(Sma) (high rut jure cunkoso mai nauyi), da kuma bude-graded hade (mai kyau malalewa, rage amo).
2. Mawasaki mai dumi (WMA):Kama da HMA KUDI KYAUTA (galibi 20-40 ° Cost). Ana samun wannan ta amfani da ƙari ko aiwatarwa wanda ragedankonabitumen m. WMA ta ba da fa'idodin muhalli (ƙananan fitarwa, ƙasa da amfani da mai) kuma yana ba da damar yin dimbin nesa da kuma yanayin sanyaya yanayi.
3. Sanyi mix:Wannan nau'in yana amfani dabitumen emulsionko katsewabitumenWannan baya buƙatar dumama don aikace-aikace. Ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don potholes potholes, gyara na ɗan lokaci, ko ɗaukar hanyoyi masu ƙarancin zirga-zirga kodutsiya. Yana da gaba daya kasamfiye da HMA fiye da sauki kuma mai rahusa don nema, musamman ga ƙananan ayyuka ko a wurare masu nisa.
4. Kwallan Masastic:Cakuda sosai, cakuda mara kyau tare da babbabitumenabun ciki. Galibi ana zuba a maimakon birgima kuma yana ba da kyau sosairuwa mai ruwamiyar daƙarko. Anyi amfani da shi don blocking gada, rufin, bene, da kuma musammanhanya farfajiyaaikace-aikace.
5. Adadin kwalta:Wannan ya shafi ƙara polymers ko wasu masu gyara gabitumen mDon haɓaka takamaiman kaddarorin kamar na elasticity, juriya ga rutting ko fatattaka, da kuma wasan kwaikwayon a duk faɗin yanayin zafi. Samfuran kamarGyara asphaltkoBabban zazzabi na zazzabiShiga cikin wannan rukuni, wanda aka daidaita don yanayin neman.

Zabi nau'in da ya dace ya dogara da dalilai kamar ƙarar zirga-zirga,yanayin iska, kasafin kudi, da ake buƙata, kuma takamaiman bukatun aikinmatafiya.

Me yasa ingancin kulawa yake da mahimmanci lokacin da matsakaiciyar kwari da samfuran jaka?

Don jami'an sayan kamar Mark Thompson, kayan miya kamarkwaltaDaular (bitumen) ko masana'antukwaltaKayayyakin (kamarkwalban kwal) Ya ƙunshi fiye da neman mafi ƙarancin farashi. Iko mai inganci shine paramount saboda wasan kwaikwayon da tsawon rai na samfurin ƙarshe - ko dai ahanya farfajiya, injinan aluminium, ko kariyashafi- Dogaro da mahimmancin kaddarorin na masarufi. Abubuwan da ke ciki ko Kashe-ƙayyadaddun abubuwa na iya haifar da gazawar riga, gyara da yawa, da har ma da haɗarin aminci.

Tabbatar da ingancin inganci yana farawa da tsarin masana'antar mai kaya. Amintattun masu kaya, kamar masana'antarmu a cikin Sin da layin samar da kayayyaki 7, aiwatar da matakan bincike masu inganci - daga gwaji mai shigowa (mai maiKashi nabitumen, danyekwalDon farar hula) don sa ido kan sigogi tsari (distillationYanayin zafi, hada darasi) da kuma gwada samfurin ƙarshe. SIFFOFIN SIFFOFIbitumenHaɗe da shigar da shigar da shigar ciki (taurin kai), yanayin laushi (head hurawa), danko, da kuma bututun halitta. Don \ dominkwalban kwal, maganganu masu mahimmanci suna da kyau, ckinking darajar, Quinoline Insolubles (Qi), da Toluene Insolables (Ti), wanda ke shafar aikinsa ama cikin wutan lantarki.

Masu siye suna buƙatar tabbacin cewa kayan da suke karɓa ya sadu da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan da ake buƙatakowace lokaci. Wannan ya hada da neman zanen maganganu, fahimtar tsarin sarrafa mai amfani (E.G., ISO 9001 yana buƙatar takamaiman rahoton gwajin gwaji ko takaddun shaida. Don mahimman aikace-aikace, masu siye zasu iya gudanar da nasu tsarin gwaji a kan samfurori kafin ka yarda da jigilar kaya. Zuba jari a cikin ingancin kulawa ya hana mafi girma farashin kuma ciwon kai ƙasa da layin da ke tattare da gazawar. Wannan himma yana da mahimmanci yayin ma'amala da kayan kamarkwaltadakwalta, Inda bambancin dabara na iya tasiri mafi mahimmanci.

Takaddun shaida da dabaru: Wadanne masu sayen ne kamar alamar Thompson suna buƙatar sani

Bayan ingancin samfurin, masu siyar da kasa da kasa kamar Mark Thompson, tare da jitakwaltadakwaltaKayayyaki daga ƙasashe kamar China ko Vietnam, suna fuskantar kalubale da suka danganci Takaddun shaida da dabaru. Tabbatar da shigo da kaya da nisantar da jinkirta yana buƙatar kulawa sosai ga waɗannan bangarorin. Masu ba da bayanai suna buƙatar samar da adadi mai kyau kuma tabbatacce takardu don saduwa da ƙa'idodin shigo da kuma gamsar da bukatun mai siyarwa.

Takaddun shaida:Ka'idodin mabuɗin sau da yawa sun haɗa da:

• Gudanar da inganci:ISO 9001 takardar shaida yana ba da tabbacin tsarin tsarin ingancin ingancin tsarin ingantawa.
• Yarda da Muhalli:Ya danganta da samfurin da kuma ƙarshen amfani, takaddun shaida waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙa'idodin muhalli (E.G., ISO 14001) ko takamaiman ƙa'idodi (kamar kai a Turai) na iya zama dole. Dole ne masu sayayya dole ne su kasance masu kula da zamba Takaddun shaida, sananniyar magana, kuma ya kamata a tabbatar da takaddun da kansa idan za ta yiwu ba.
• Bayanin Samfurin:Takaddun shaida na bincike (coa) ga kowane tsari, yana tabbatar da cewakwalta, bitumen, kokwaltaSamfurin ya cika bayanan bayanai game da fasaha, yana da mahimmanci.

Logistic:Ingantattun dabaru suna da mahimmanci don guje wa jinkiri na kaya, wanda zai iya rushe jadawalin samarwa. Key la'akari sun hada da:

• Kaya:Samfuran kamarkwalban kwalko mbitumenana iya jigilar kaya a cikin jaka, dutsen, ko kuma katanga mai ƙarfi. Ruwabitumenyana buƙatar manyan tubers mai zafi ko kwantena. Amfani da ya dace yana hana gurbatawa da tabbatar da lafiya.
• Sharuɗɗan jigilar kaya (acoterms):A bayyane yake da nauyi game da jigilar kaya, inshora, da kuma kwayar halitta (misali, Fob, CIF) tana da mahimmanci.
• Lines na jigilar kaya & Times:Aiki tare da layin jigilar kaya da kuma fahimtar abubuwan wucewa na gaske yana taimakawa wajen shirin.
• Tsarin kwastam:Tabbatar da duk bayanan da ake buƙata (daftari na kasuwanci, lissafin hanya, takaddun shaida) daidai ne kuma ya ba da tabbaci da sauri a cikin ƙasar da aka nufa (E.g., Amurka).
• Sadarwa:Tallafi na tattaunawa daga mai siyar da yanayin jigilar kaya, mai yiwuwa jinkirin, da kuma takardun yana da mahimmanci. Babu isasshen sadarwa ga masu siye.

Magana wadannan abubuwan da ke tattaunawa a hankali - tabbatar da bukatun mai kaya, da kuma kafa mahimman tashoshin da ke hade da cututtukan duniya natarar da kwaltasamfura.

Zabi mai siyar da kaya: Abubuwan da suka wuce farashin kwalta da bitumen

Yayinda farashin gasa koyaushe lamari ne, jami'an sayen sun fahimci cewa zaɓar mai ba da kayayyaki masu mahimmanci kamarkwalta, bitumen, kokwalKayayyaki sun haɗa da kimantawa fiye da farashi kawai farashin tan. Dalili, daidaiton inganci, tallafin fasaha, da sadarwa daidai ne, idan bai ƙara ba, yana da mahimmanci ga samun haɗin gwiwar dogon lokaci. Fancing daga kasashe masu tasowa kamar China na iya ba da fa'idodi, amma yana buƙatar sinadarin mai siyarwa a hankali.

Abubuwa masu mahimmanci don la'akari lokacin zabar mai sayarwa:

1. Tabbatarwa waƙa da Kwarewa:Nemi da aka kafa masana'antu tare da shekaru na gogewa wajen samar da takamaiman samfuran da kuke buƙata (misali,Matsakaici zazzabi, babban zazzabi na zazzabi, kwalban kwal). Kwarewa sau da yawa fassara zuwa mafi kyawun tsari sarrafawa da magance matsalar magance. NamuBabban Haske Karo Jigo Da Mai Ba da kayaainihi yana magana da wannan.
2. Ikon samarwa & iyawa:Tabbatar da mai kaya yana da isasshen ƙarfin (kamar layin samarwa guda 7) don saduwa da bukatun ƙarar naka akai-akai kuma yana iya samar da takamaiman maki ko samfuran da kuke buƙata.
3. Tsarin ingancin inganci:Tabbatar da ingancin sarrafa ingancinsu da takardar shaida (ISO 9001). Shin suna shirye don bayar da sakamakon gwajin tsari da kuma saukar da binciken ɓangare na uku?
4. Kwarewar fasaha:Ko da mai siye ba gwani ba ne, mai siye yakamata ya sami ma'aikatan ilimi waɗanda zasu iya tattauna bayanai game da bayanai, aikace-aikace, da kuma matsaloli. Yayinda Mark Thompson ya san tallace-tallace, samun mai ba da mai ba da lambar sadarwa wandayakeFahimci bangaren fasaha bashi da mahimmanci.
5. Sadarwa & Amewa:Kimanta salon sadarwa. Shin, suna da sauri, bayyananniya, kuma yana da aiki? Ingantacciyar sadarwa tana da mahimmanci ga warware batutuwa da sarrafa abubuwan da suka dace, suna magance mahimmin matsayi.
6. Lissafin & Takardun:Kimantawa kwarewar su tare da fitarwa zuwa ƙasarku (Amurka, Turai, da sauransu). Shin suna iya ɗaukar kayan haɗakar da ake buƙata, shirye-shiryen jigilar kaya, kuma suna samar da cikakken bayanan dogaro da tsarin aiki?
7. Dogara da amincin:Nemi gaskiya da shirye don gina dangantaka ta dogon lokaci. Nassoshi ko ziyarar shafin (idan ba zai iya taimakawa wajen gina amincewa ba. Halartar masana'antunune-nunehanya ce mai kyau don saduwa da masu siyarwa fuska da fuska da kuma auna ƙwarewar su.

Mayar da hankali kawai akan mafi ƙasƙanci farashin na iya haifar da mahimmancin ɓoye ɓoyayyun mai alaƙa da inganci mai kyau, jinkiri na jigilar kaya, ko rushewar sadarwa, ko rushewar sadarwa. Wani amintaccen mai kaya shine abokin tarayya a cikin nasarar ku.

Hanya ta gaba: Dorewa da Sake Cikin Ruwa a Masana'antar Asphalt

Makomarhanyar ginidakwaltaMasana'antu yana kara mayar da hankali kan dorewa da hakkin muhalli. Lokacin dakwaltaAn riga an san hanyoyin da aka sani da suƙarkoKuma in mun gwada dana tattalin arzikiKudin rayuwa, ana kokarin kokarin kokarinsa don sanya su kore.Sake sarrafawaYana taka rawa sosai a cikin wannan.

Poultaldaya ne daga cikin kayan da aka saba da shi a duniya. Za'a iya cire mashigin shawo'a (rap) daga tsofaffin hanyoyi, an murƙushe, kuma a haɗa shi cikin sabon haɗuwa mai zafikwalta. Amfani da RAP rage buƙatar budurwabitumendatara, kiyaye albarkatun ƙasa da rage yawan amfani da makamashi lokacin samarwa. Za'a iya amfani da kashi mai yawa na rap ba tare da yin sulhu da al'amura ba, yinkwaltazabi mai dorewahanyoyin saman hanya. Dabaru kamar haɗawa mai dumiKwalta(WMA) Har ila yau, yana ba da gudummawa ta rage yanayin yanayin samarwa, rage amfanin fuel da kuma yin amfani.

Bugu da ƙari, bincike yana ci gaba cikin bunkasuwar mai-da-tsire (wanda aka samo daga kayan shuki ko samfuran sharar gida) azaman m don petrooleumbitumen. Abubuwan da ke haifar da zane a cikin shimfidar hanya suna nufin ƙirƙirar hanyoyi masu tsayi ("sauƙaƙe na nesa") waɗanda ke buƙatar sabuntawar yanayi, ci gaba da rage tasirin muhalli kuma farashin rayuwa. Masana'antu kuma suna binciken hanyoyi don inganta aikin nakwaltaamfani da ci gaba mai mahimmanci da ƙari, suna haifar da hanyar da mafi kyawun zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga da matsananciyanayin iskaYanayi, yalwata rayuwar sabis da kuma bayar da gudummawa don ci gaba da dorewa. Duk da yake kayan gargajiya kamarbitumenKasance rinjaye, drive zuwa mafita mafita shine sake fasalinkwaltalandscape.

Key Titaways: Asflt vs Tashi da Bitumen

Don hanzarta taƙaita manyan abubuwan:

• Bitumen:Baƙar fata,hakori, m mwanda aka samo dagadistillationnamai mai (man fetur). Shi ne "manne" a cikikwaltashimfidar wuri.
• Kwal (kwal ne):Baƙar fata,ruwa mai kyausamar daDistillarancin distillation na kwal. Chemically ya bambanta dagabitumen, tare da mafi girma abun ciki da damuwa na kiwon lafiya yana iyakance amfanin amfani da shi. Har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don wasu aikace-aikacen masana'antu (E.G., eleckrode da keɓaɓɓe kamarkwalban kwal).
• Kwalta (tubali):Kayan aiki da aka yi ta hanyar haɗawabitumen(dam) tare datara(duwatsu, yashi, tsakuwa). Wannan cakuda samar da dorewafarfajiyaGa hanyoyi,dutsiya, da sauransu.
• Bambancin bambance-bambance:Asalin (man feturvs.kwal), tsarin sunadarai (Aliphatic vs. aromatic), aikace-aikacen farko, da kuma dangamassu bayanan lafiya / mahalli.
• Auna yau: Bitumen-KasekwaltaMatsayi na zamanihanyar giniSakamakon kyakkyawan aiki da ƙananan haɗarin kiwon lafiya idan aka kwatanta dakwalta. Kwaltaba a amfani da shi don ɗaukar sabbin hanyoyi.
• Abubuwa masu inganci:Ingancin inganci, amintattun takaddun shaida, da ingantattun dabaru suna da mahimmanci yayin matsawakwaltaɗaure kokwaltasamfuran duniya. Zabi mai amfani da ya dace ya ƙunsa bayan farashin kawai.
• Dorewa:Dakwaltamasana'antu yana da hankali sosaisake sarrafawa(Rap) da haɓaka fasahar Greener kamar Wma da kuma rio-zuciya.

Fahimtar wadannan bambance-bambance suna taimakawa wajen zabar kayan dama da masu siyarwa na gine-gine da bukatun masana'antu da masana'antu.